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49. File 10/5 I Saudi Arabia: Hasa Oil Concession; visit of Major Holmes to Saudi Arabia; Kuwait blockade.
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence between the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs in London, the Political Resident in Bushire and the Political Agent in Bahrain on the Hasa oil concession in Saudi Arabia, the negotiations of the Standard Oil Company of California for the oil concession in Hasa and the visit of Major Frank Holmes to Riyadh to meet Ibn Saud.The volume includes correspondence on the Saudi blockade against Kuwait, two copies of the Hasa oil agreement between the Standard Oil Company of California and the Saudi Arab Kingdom (folios 52-68 and 87-102) and correspondence on the application of the Standard Oil Company of California for permission to fly from Basra to Bahrain, which encountered resistence of the Political Resident in Bushire, against the presence of American companies in Bahrain (folios 121-123 and following).There is an index at the end of the volume (folios 212-223).Physical description: The foliation is written in pencil in the top right corner (between 44-82 the numbering can be found at the top centre of the recto). The numbering begins on the first page of text which follows 4 blank pages and terminates on the 5th folio from the back; at the rear of the volume there are 4 blank pages. Foliation errors: 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1e; 29, 29a and 29b; 137A and 137B; 159A and 159B; 169A and 169B; 171A and 171B; 179A and 179B.
50. File 10/5 II Hasa oil: CASOC's activities in Hasa; development of Ras Tannura; Political Agent's visit to Hasa
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence between the Political Agent at Bahrain and the Political Resident at Bushire on the oil concession in Saudi Arabia, the activities of California Arabian Standard Oil Company (CASOC) in Hasa, Saudi Arabia, and the development of the port and the refinery at Ras Tannura (also mentioned as Ras Tanurah). There are also documents on the Political Agent's visit to Hasa, in May 1939, including his report (folios 149-157). Also of interest: 'Copy of text of "Oil" Agreement between the "Standard Oil of California" and H.M. King Abdul-Aziz Al Saud' (folios 21-30).There are notes at the end of the volume (folios 305-322).Physical description: The foliation is in pencil in the top right corner. The numbering begins with the first (5th folio from the front) and ends with last page of writing (4th folio from the back). Between 103-112 and 173-179, folios are paginated on both sides.
51. File 1508/1905 Pt 3 'Bahrain: postal arrangements; mails; post office'
- Description:
- Abstract: Part one of the volume relates to postal services in the Persian Gulf. The correspondence is between the Foreign Office, India Office and Government of India. Further correspondence, included as enclosures, is from the General Post Office in London, representatives of Gray, Mackenzie, and Company and the British India Steam Navigation Company, and numerous political and diplomatic offices in the Persian Gulf and Turkish Arabia.The papers cover the discussion over who and how Turkish mail is to be carried to Hassa [al-Hasa] from Basra, and an agreement with the Shaikh of Bahrain preventing him from establishing a foreign post office in his country.Physical description: 1 item (91 folios)
52. File 2182/1913 Pt 11 'Arabia: relations with BIN SAUD Hedjaz-Nejd Dispute'
- Description:
- Abstract: Part 11 concerns British policy regarding the dispute between Bin Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also referred to in the correspondence as Ibn Saud] and King Hussein of Hejaz [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī, King of Hejaz] over Khurma and Tarabah [Turabah]. Much of the correspondence documents the efforts of the British to persuade the two leaders to agree to meet. It is initially proposed that the two should meet at Jeddah; however, it is reported by the Civil Commissioner, Baghdad, that Bin Saud refuses to meet King Hussein at Jeddah, Aden, or Cairo, and suggests a meeting at Baghdad instead. A number of other possibilities are discussed, including the following: the Secretary of State for India's proposal of a meeting of plenipotentiaries, either at Khurma or Tarabah, as an alternative to a meeting between the two leaders themselves; a suggestion by the High Commissioner, Egypt, that the two leaders meet in London; a proposal from Lord Curzon [George Nathaniel Curzon], Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, that Bin Saud should be induced to meet King Hussein on board a British ship at Jeddah, or, as is later suggested, at Aden.Also included are the following:an account from Captain Norman Napier Evelyn Bray, political officer in charge of the Nejd Mission, which recounts the last days of the mission's stay in Paris, in late December 1919;a report from the High Commissioner, Egypt, on his recent meeting with King Hussein, which relays the latter's views on the allocation of control of Syria to France;discussion regarding the growing power and influence of Bin Saud's Akhwan [Ikhwan] forces;a note on the dispute by Harry St John Bridger, in which he volunteers to induce Bin Saud to agree to a meeting at any place (outside of Hejaz) suggested by His Majesty's Government;memoranda and diary entries written by the Political Agent at Bahrain, Major Harold Richard Patrick Dickson, all of which discuss at length Dickson's interviews with Bin Saud at Hasa [Al Hasa] in January and February 1920;extracts from a report by the British Agent, Jeddah, Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Edwin Vickery, which recounts his recent interviews with King Hussein and the King's son, Emir Abdullah [ʿAbdullāh bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī].The item features the following principal correspondents:Secretary to the India Office's Political Department (John Evelyn Shuckburgh);Civil Commissioner, Baghdad [held in an officiating capacity by Lieutenant-Colonel Arnold Talbot Wilson];High Commissioner, Egypt (Field Marshal Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby);Secretary of State for India [Edwin Samuel Montagu];Foreign Office;British Agent, Jeddah (Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Edwin Vickery);Political Agent, Bahrain (Major Harold Richard Patrick Dickson);Bin Saud;Admiralty;Viceroy of India [Frederic John Napier Thesiger].Physical description: 1 item (336 folios)
53. File 2182/1913 Pt 1 'Persian Gulf Situation in El Katr Policy towards Bin Saud'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains part 1 of the subject 'Persia Gulf'. It concerns Britain's relations with Bin Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] following the latter's occupation of Ottoman-ruled El Hassa [Al Hasa] and Nejd [Najd]. Much of the correspondence is concerned with how Bin Saud's occupation of Nejd and El Hassa will affect the continuing Anglo-Turkish negotiations [for the Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913, which was never ratified] and British foreign policy in the region more generally.Also discussed in the volume are the following: whether the British should allow the transhipment of Ottoman troops in Bahrein waters; a visit (regarded after the event as 'ill-advised' by the Secretary of State for India) paid by the Political Agent, Koweit [Kuwait], Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear, to Bin Saud, at Majma'a [Al Majma], six weeks before Bin Saud occupied El Hassa; the death of Sheikh Jasim-bin-thani [Shaikh Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī, Ruler of Qatar]; British hopes of securing the early withdrawal of the Turkish garrison from El Katr [Qatar]; reports that the Turkish Government intends to respond to the events in Nejd by appointing Bin Saud as Mutessarif [Mutasarrif] of the district.The following principal correspondents appear in the volume: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Sir Percy Zachariah Cox; the Viceroy of India [Charles Hardinge]; the Secretary of State for India, the Marquess of Crewe [Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes]; the Permanent Under-Secretary of State for India, Thomas William Holderness; His Majesty's Ambassador at Constantinople, Gerard Augustus Lowther; the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Sir Edward Grey; the Political Agent, Koweit; Bin Saud.The part includes a divider that gives the subject and part number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in the part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 155; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers.
54. File 2182/1913 Pt 2 'Persian Gulf Situation in El Katr Policy towards Bin Saud'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains part 2 of the subject 'Persia Gulf'. It primarily concerns British policy towards Bin Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] following the latter's occupation of Ottoman-ruled El Hassa [Al Hasa]. Included in the volume are the following:an account of a meeting between the Bahrain Political Agent (Major Arthur Prescott Trevor), the Koweit [Kuwait] Political Agent (Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear), and Bin Saud, which took place at Ojair [Al ‘Uqayr] in December 1913;discussion as to how the British will form a working understanding with Bin Saud whilst also pursuing a policy of supporting and maintaining the Turkish Empire;a recommendation from the officiating Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, John Gordon Lorimer, that a British Native Agent be posted to Katif [Al Qaţīf] to mediate between the Political Agent in Bahrain and Bin Saud's local governors;discussion (between the Government of India, His Majesty's Ambassador to Constantinople, and the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs) as to whether or not Britain should act as a mediator between the Ottoman government and Bin Saud, in order to ensure that any arrangement made between the two parties is not hostile to British interests;a proposal from the British India Steam Navigation Company to run a local line of steamers between Bahrein [Bahrain], Katif, Ojair, and Katr [Qatar];debate over whether a British decoration should be bestowed upon Sheikh Mubarak bin Sabah [Shaikh Mubarak bin Ṣabāḥ Āl Ṣabāḥ] of Koweit prior to the Anglo-Turkish agreements being ratified, following reports that the Sheikh may be about to receive a Turkish decoration;Shakespear's account of further meetings with Bin Saud;reports of a settlement between the Turkish government and Bin Saud, and of Bin Saud's appointment as Vali of Nejd;a translated copy of the treaty between Bin Saud and the Turkish Government, dated 15 May 1914.Correspondents include the following:Secretary to the Government of India's Foreign Department;Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Percy Zachariah Cox, followed by John Gordon Lorimer, Captain Richard Lockington Birdwood, and Major Stuart George Knox as successive officiating residents);Political Agent, Bahrain (Major Arthur Prescott Trevor);Political Agent, Kuwait (Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear, succeeded by Lieutenant-Colonel William George Grey);Viceroy of India (Charles Hardinge);Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey);Foreign Office;His Majesty's Ambassador at Constantinople (Sir Louis du Pan Mallet);Permanent Under-Secretary of State for India (Thomas William Holderness);Bin Saud;Hakki Pasha [Ibrahim Hakki Pasha, in charge of negotiations with His Majesty's Government, concerning Mesopotamia and the Persian Gulf].The part includes a divider that gives the subject and part number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in the part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 271; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 6-270; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
55. File 2877/1914 'Persian Gulf and Mesopotamia: survey operations of RIMS Palinurus'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to the survey of the Persian Gulf by RIMS Palinurus.The discussion in the volume relates to the objectives, route, and associated costs of the survey of the Persian Gulf.Further discussion surrounds the temporary administration of Basrah and proposed preliminary examination of irrigation projects, as well as Sir George William Buchanan's proposals for improving navigation of the Tigris river. The volume contains seven maps.The principal correspondents in the volume are: the Director of the Royal Indian Marine Department; the Under Secretary of State for India, India Office; the Hydrographic Department, Admiralty; the Government of India, Marine Department; the General Officer Commanding, Force 'D', Basrah; the Chief of the General Staff, Simla.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at last folio with 252; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers; nor does it include the two leading and ending flyleaves.An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 23-248; these numbers are also written in pencil and circled, but are crossed through.
56. File 1855/1904 Pt 8 'Koweit:- Arabia Chiefs' attitude towards tribes of the interior (Nejd etc.)'
- Description:
- Abstract: The papers concern the attitudes of Shaikh Mubarak [Mubārak bin Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ] of Koweit [Kuwait] and rulers of other Persian Gulf coast states toward the political activities of Bin Saood (also referred to as Ibn Saood) [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, (Ibn Sa‘ūd)] in Nejd [Najd].The principal correspondents are the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Major Percy Zachariah Cox); the Political Agent, Kuwait (Major Stuart George Knox); HBM's Consul, Basrah (also referred to as Bussorah) [Basra] (Francis Edward Crow); the British Ambassador at Constantinople (Sir Nicholas Roderick O'Conor); and senior officials of the Government of India, the Foreign Office, and the India Office.The papers cover: papers concerning a proposed visit by Ibn Sa‘ūd to the Pirate Coast [Trucial Coast] and Oman, including discussion of whether, in the event of his gaining ascendancy in the region, an approach should be made to him through the Shaikh of Kuwait or the Sultan of Muscat to safeguard the rights of British subjects residing in his territories and to ensure that there was no interference with Arab tribes in alliance with the British Government, October 1905 - February 1906 (including copies of treaties with chiefs of the Pirate Coast, 1862-92, folios 159-162) (folios 144-170); the decision of the Government of India, with Foreign Office approval, to authorise the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf to issue a warning to the chiefs of the Trucial Coast not to engage in 'intrigues' with Ibn Sa‘ūd, so as to avoid unrest that would be damaging to British commercial interests in the area, March-April 1906 (folios 121-143); papers concerning Ibn Sa‘ūd's relations with the Turkish [Ottoman] and British Governments, August-October 1906 (folios 108-120); papers concerning a possible Arab confederacy, November 1906 (folios 103-107); reports of fighting between Turkish troops and Arab tribesmen in Hassa [Al Hasa], overtures by Ibn Sa‘ūd to the British, and correspondence concerning the passage of Turkish troops through Kuwait, December 1906- April 1907 (including enclosures dated 1904) (folios 41-102); papers concerning Najd affairs, and the decision of the Government of India, with the agreement of the India Office and the Foreign Office, that it was inadvisable to issue further warnings to Shaikh Mubarak not to interfere in Najd, as this might tend to weaken British influence over him, January-July 1907 (folios 11-40); and a memorandum concerning British relations with the Wahabees [Wahhabis], January 1908 (folios 4-10).The date range gives the main covering dates of all the documents; however, the papers also include copies of treaties dated 1862-92 (folios 159-162). The date range of the Secret Department minute papers given on the subject divider on folio 1 is 1906-07.Physical description: 170 folios