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73. 'Handbook of Arabia. Vol II. 1917'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume is A Handbook of Arabia, Volume II, Routes(Admiralty War Staff, Intelligence Department: May, 1917) and contains details on routes in the Arabian Peninsula, as well as information on transport and lines of communication arranged on a geographical basis. Chapters concerning meteorological information, hygiene and disease, and vocabularies have also been incorporated. The volume was prepared on behalf of the Admiralty and the War Office. The sources from which the routes have been compiled, together with notes on directions and distance, appear at the head of each chapter, while some sections have been compiled on the basis of native information. Authorities cited include: George August Wallin, William Gifford Palgrave, Carlo Claudio Camillo Guarmani, Lady Anne Blunt, Charles Huber, Julius Euting, Gerard Leachman, Gertrude Bell, Anders Christian Barclay Raunkiær, William Henry Irvine Shakespear, and John Gordon Lorimer.The volume includes a note on confidentiality, title page, and a 'Note' on the compilation of the volume. There is a page of 'Contents' that includes the following sections:Chapter 1: Methods of Transport;Chapter 2: Communications, A. Northern Routes, B. Eastern Routes, C. Central Routes, D. Western Routes, E. South-Western Routes, F. Southern Routes, G. Souther-Eastern Routes;Chapter 3: Routes, A. Northern Routes, B. Eastern Routes, C. Central Routes, D. Western Routes, E. South-Western Routes, F. Southern Routes, G. Souther-Eastern Routes;Chapter 4: Meteorological Observations;Chapter 5: Hygiene and Disease;Chapter 6: Vocabularies;Appendix: Note on the System of Transliteration and Glossary of Topographical and Common Terms;Index;Plates.There is also a 'List of Maps' and a 'Note on the Spelling of Proper Terms'.There is one map contained in this volume: 'Map 5. Key Map of Routes'. In addition, there are nine plates by Douglas Carruthers, Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear, Captain Gerard Leachman, and Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Barrett Miles.Physical description: Foliation: There is a foliation sequence, which is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. It begins on the front cover, on number 1, and ends on the map which is inserted at the back of the volume, on number 271.
74. 'Middle East Committee. Note Prepared for Meeting of 12 January 1918. Policy in regard to Bin Saud'
- Description:
- Abstract: This printed memorandum is a note, dated 10 January 1918, prepared by John Evelyn Shuckburgh, Political Department of the India Office, for a meeting of the Middle East Committee on 12 January 1918, concerning British policy towards Bin Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd (Ibn Saud)], the Emir of Nejd [Amir of Najd]. The note includes an overview of Ibn Saud's importance and status in the Arabian Peninsula vis-à-vis British policy and other Arabian leaders, including King Husain [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī] of the Hedjaz [al-Ḥijāz,] and Bin Rashid [Ibn Rashīd]; Harry St John Bridger Philby's mission to Ibn Saud at Riadh [Riyadh]; arms, ammunition and monetary allowances given to Ibn Saud; and the opinion of Sir Reginald Wingate against arming Ibn Saud.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 41, and terminates at folio 43, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 11-158; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
75. 'Memorandum on British Commitments to King Husein'
- Description:
- Abstract: This is a printed memorandum outlining British commitments made to King Husein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī] compiled by the Political Intelligence Department of the Foreign Office. The memorandum is split into seven sections as follows: 'General Guarantees against the Restoration of the status quo'; 'Guarantees regarding the Moslem [Muslim] Holy Places'; 'Boundaries of Arab Independence'; 'Foreign Administration of Irak [Iraq], Syria and Palestine'; 'Relation of Sherif Husein to Great Britain'; 'Sheif Husein's Title'; and 'The Caliphate'. References to various sources, including Foreign Office correspondence, the Meccan El Qibla[al-Qiblah] newspaper and La Verité sur la question syrienne(Fourth Turkish Army Command: Stamboul, 1916), are made in the text and in footnotes.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 102 and terminates at folio 111, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 11-158; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
76. 'Memorandum on British Commitments to Bin Saud'
- Description:
- Abstract: This is a printed memorandum by the Political Intelligence Department of the Foreign Office concerning British commitments to Bin Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd (Ibn Saud)] in the context of the First World War. The memorandum gives an overview of British and Turkish relations, including various treaties with Ibn Saud between 1913 and 1916, as well as 'Relation of Commitments to Bin Saud to British Disiderata', including 'Demarcation of Territories', 'Keeping of the Peace' and 'Dynastic Guarantee'. There is an appendix (folio 129) which includes the text of the treaty of 26 December 1915 signed by Ibn Saud and Sir Percy Zachariah Cox.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 122 and terminates at folio 129, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 11-158; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
77. 'Memorandum by Colonel Cornwallis on the Future Policy of His Majesty's Government with regard to Subsidies to Chiefs of the Arabian Peninsula.'
- Description:
- Abstract: Printed memorandum issued by the Eastern (Arabia) Department of the Foreign Office and written by Lieutenant-Colonel Kinahan Cornwallis.The memorandum contains a statement of the policy that should in future be adopted by the British Government in regard to the payment of subsidies to rulers in the Arabian peninsula. The statement was to be submitted to the India Office and the Government of India, and then to the Treasury for final sanction. The memorandum considers:(a) the present position of 'Arab Chiefs' in the matter of subsidies;(b) the obligations to which the British Government are already committed either by treaty, custom or policy;(c) after deducting the amount that these obligations represent, the manner in which the balance of the provisional sum of £100,000 can best be divided among the remaining chiefs, taking into consideration their relative importance, their past and present services, and their capacity to injure or benefit British interests in future.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at 1 on the first folio and terminates at 4 on the last folio. The numbers are written in pencil, are enclosed in a circle, and appear in the top right hand corner of the recto page of each folio. This is the system used to determine the order of pages.Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence, numbered 2-7 (folios 1-4). These numbers appear in the top centre of each page.
78. ‘Muskat. His Highness the Imaum of makes certain regulations in regard to vessels putting into his Ports’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, extracts of a Political Letter sent between the Government of Bombay and the East India Company Court of Directors, dated 14 January 1847.The item relates to attempts by the Company to get the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat [also rendered in text as Muskat] to agree to a similar arrangement that they have with the Guicowar [Gaekwad] in Kattiwar [Kathiawar, also rendered in text as Kattywar and Katteewar] and the Rao of Cutch [Kachchh]. The arrangement relates to the duties levied on vessels which are forced to dock at ports due to bad weather or needing repairs.Captain Atkins Hamerton, HM Consul and Company Agent in the Dominions of His Highness the Imaum of Muscat, reports on the Imaum's current attitude to such cases and the arrangement currently existing between the Imaum and the Government of the United States of North America. Copies of Hamerton’s letters are ordered to be sent out to numerous offices within the Government of Bombay.The item also includes correspondence from Major Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf, on whether an article in the current treaty existing between the British Government and the Imaum is applicable in the cases noted above.As well as the above, the item’s correspondents also include the Court of Directors.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 5595, Draft 346/47’, ‘Collection No. 36 of No. 2’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 235, and terminates at f 252, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
79. ‘Muscat. Slave Trade.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence which form partial enclosures to a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, dated 27 March 1846. A copy of this letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2157/103838.The item contains extracts from a letter from the Court of Directors to the Government of Bombay, 27 November 1844. This letter relates to the ‘slave trade’ [trade in enslaved people] that is undertaken by subjects of the British government and subjects of the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat. In particular, it mentions reports by Captain Atkins Hamerton, HM Consul and the Company’s Agent in the Dominions of the Imaum of Muscat, of enslaved people being held in the Imaum’s dominions by British subjects. The extracts are forwarded to Hamerton, along with instructions to urge the Imaum to extend current prohibitions.The extracts are also forwarded to Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf, alongside instructions with regards to the vigilance and exertion required to suppress the ‘slave trade’. Hennell replies requesting a list of documents.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 5410, Draft 786/46’, ‘Vol: 10’, ‘Collection N. 10 of N. 39’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’. The ‘N. 10’ has been crossed out with different ink.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 889, and terminates at f 895, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
80. 'APPENDIX C. MAP SHOWING THE EXTENT OF WAHABI AND OF MUSCAT POWER, 1865.'
- Description:
- Abstract: A map of the Arabian Peninsula, showing principal regions and settlements, and indicating with red and blue outlines the extents of Wahabi and of Muscat power respectively. The map is a printed copy of an enclosure from Bushire Despatch to Bombay No. 11 of 14th February 1865, which was created by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.Physical description: Materials: Printed on paperDimensions: 334 x 430mm
81. 'Précis of correspondence regarding the affairs of the Persian Gulf, 1801-1853'
- Description:
- Abstract: A précis of correspondence regarding the affairs of the Persian Gulf, 1801-1853 prepared by Jerome Antony Saldanha and published by Government of India Central Printing Office, Calcutta in 1906.The précis is divided up into eight sections, as follows:Part I: British Envoys to Persia and from Persia, 1801-1814.Part II: British policy in regard to Maskat [Muscat] and the Maritime Arab tribes on the Persian Gulf, 1801-1815.Part III: Affairs on the Persian Coast and Islands, 1801-1820.Part IV: British Residents and Agents in the Persian Gulf and at Maskat, 1801-1813.Part V: British policy in regard to Maskat and the Maritime Arab Tribes. Vigorous measures taken for the suppression of piracies and for security of peace in the Gulf. Persian Coast and Islands Affairs, 1818-1823.Part VI: British policy in regard to Maskat and the Maritime Arab tribes, 1823-1853.Part VII: Affairs on the Persian Coast and Islands, 1823-1853.Part VIII: British Residents and Agents in the Persian Gulf and Maskat, 1823-1853.Physical description: Foliation: the sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
82. 'Precis of information on the political condition of the States situated on or connected with the North West and Western Frontier of British India'
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of a summary document enclosed within a letter from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai] to the East India Company Court of Directors. The document, written by William Henry Wathen, Secretary in the Persian Department, provides brief details on the political status of 'states' under the following headings:'Cashmere' [Kashmir]'Chinese Tartary' [parts of modern-day China, Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Bhutan and Nepal]'Independent Tartary' [parts of modern-day Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan]'Countries formerly dependent on or in the vicinity of Afghan states''Afghan territories''Beloocheestan [Balochistan] and Mukran [Makran]''Scind' [Sindh]'Persia' [Iran]'Persian Gulf''The Provinces of Oman in Arabia''Coast of Arabia from Muskat [Muscat] to the straights of Babeel Mandeeb [Bab el Mandeb]''Red Sea''Arabia''Egypt and Nubia''Abyssinia (Hubbush)' [Ethiopia]'North East and East Coasts of Africa''East Coast of Africa called by the natives Suwahil [suwāḥil or ‘coasts’ in Arabic]'The title page of the item contains the following references: 'P.C. [Previous Communication] 1631, Draft 696, 1835', 'Coll[ection] N. 4', 'Bombay Political Department', 'Examiner’s Office 1835'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 60, and terminates at f 69, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
83. 'File 53/1915 Pt 2 German War: Turkey; the Caliphate and Pan-Arab movement'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to the war with Germany and Turkey and implications for the Caliphate and the pan-Arab movement. The discussion in the volume relates specifically to the view of the Government of India on Sir Henry Arthur McMahon's correspondence and negotiations with Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī, Grand Sharif of Mecca. Also included are the views of Colonel Sir Tatton Benvenuto Mark Sykes.The volume includes the text of the Grand Sharif's letter and the text of Sir Henry McMahon's reply. Further discussion surrounds the advance on Baghdad, the protection of Muslim shrines and the deferment of any public pronouncement until the city had been captured by British forces.The principal correspondents in the volume include: the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey); the Secretary of State for India; the Grand Sharif of Mecca (Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī) and the Viceroy (Charles Hardinge).The volume includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, subject headings, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 220; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
84. 'File 8/2 Muscat State Affairs: Boundary of Muscat'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns the boundaries of the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman. It includes four copies of a single page of notes on the boundaries of the Sultanate, dated January 1936 and prepared by the Political Agent and Consul, Muscat (ff 3-6), together with four versions of an accompanying sketch map showing the limits of the Sultanate (ff 7-10).The remainder of the file is mainly correspondence exchanged between the Political Agent and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, regarding whether or not certain locations fall within Muscat territory. One particular letter from the Political Agent to the Political Resident, dated 29 June 1944, provides details of what the Sultan of Muscat [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd] considers to be the interior boundaries of Muscat (these are given as four sets of degree coordinates, which the Sultan is said to have received from a previous Political Agent, Major Ralph Ponsonby Watts).Included among the correspondence are two further sketch maps depicting the north-eastern tip of the Arabian Peninsula.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 30; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-28; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.