Abstract: This volume contains memoranda, copies of correspondence and telegrams, and minutes of letters between British officials regarding:Turkish claims over El Katr (Qatar), and the creation of Turkish administrative posts on the Qatari coast, with 'mudirs' (sub-governors) being assigned during 1903 to Odeid (Al Udeid), Wakra (Al Wakrah), Zobara (Al Zubarah), and Musalamia Island (Suwad ash Shamaliyah);'the desire of Sheikh Ahmed bin-Thani, Ruler of Qatar, to be taken under British Protection', in 1902, and a Proposed Protectorate Treaty with the Ruler of Qatar, in 1904;the Ruler of Abu Dhabi's intention to occupy Odeid in 1906.The main correspondents are: the Viceroy, the Foreign Office (Thomas Henry Sanderson), the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, Marquess of Lansdowne), and the India Office.The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.The volume also contains the translation of a Turkish press article.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 428; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.Condition: the spine is detached from the volume and preserved in a polyester sheet, on folio 427.
Abstract: Part 4 contains correspondence relating to attacks against Bahrain pearling dhows, committed by members of the Beni Hajir tribe and led by an individual named Ahmed bin Selman, in the waters around Bahrain and the Turkish administered territories of Katif [Al-Qaṭīf] and El Katr [Qatar]. The part’s principal correspondents include: the Political Agent at Bahrain (John Calcott Gaskin; Captain Francis Beville Prideaux); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Major Percy Zachariah Cox); the British Ambassador at Constantinople [Istanbul] (Sir Walter Beaupre Townley); the Ambassador to the Court of the Sublime Porte of the Ottoman Empire (Sir Nicholas Roderick O’Conor).The correspondence covers:reports of the activities of Ahmed bin Selman and his followers in around the waters of Bahrain, Nejd, and the Qatar peninsula, including accounts of theft and violence committed against pearling dhows, as reported by the Political Agent at Bahrain;representations made by British officials to their Turkish counterparts, protesting against the acts described as piracy being committed from Turkish-administered territories in the Persian Gulf;Government of India proposals for the provision of a boat for the Political Agent at Bahrain, and gunboat patrols of the pearl banks;a visit made by HMS
Sphinxto the Nejd coast in 1905, in order to pursue enquiries against Ahmed bin Selman, which provokes an official complaint from the Ottoman Turkish Government (in French, f 108);the appearance in 1906 of Ahmed bin Selman in Doha of Al Bidda [Doha], representations made by British officials to the ruler of Qatar Shaikh Jasim bin Thani [Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī], and further Turkish complaint at British interference on the Qatar peninsula;the visit of HMS
Lapwingto Katif in 1907 in pursuit of Ahmed bin Selman, resulting in a show of ‘discourtesy’ by a Turkish official towards British naval officers, and subsequent British demands for an official apology, which is tendered by the kaimmakam [kaimakam] of Katif in June 1908 (f 8).Physical description: 178 folios
Abstract: The correspondence, which is primarily between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Percy Zachariah Cox), the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India (Spencer Harcourt Butler), the Naval Commander-in-Chief of the East Indies Station (Edmond John Warre Slade), and representatives of the India Office and the Foreign Office, discusses efforts to cease the trafficking of arms in the Persian Gulf.Two matters in particular are discussed:the rights of British vessels to search other vessels within the territorial waters of the Trucial Chiefs. Questions discussed include whether the Trucial Chiefs' commitment to end illegal arms trafficking in 1902 extended to the British Government, and whether the existing permissions given by Trucial Chiefs to the British Government to patrol territorial waters would permit them to stop and search vessels;The position of Katr [Qatar] and a possible agreement between the British Government and the Chiefs of Katr, particularly the Bin Thani [Āl Thānī] family, to make the trafficking of arms illegal in Katr.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 231, and terminates at f 292, as part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The volume is comprised of two parts (IOR/L/PS/10/994/1 and IOR/L/PS/10/994/2) and contains telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, printed reports and notes relating to the development of oil concessions in Qatar and Oman.IOR/L/PS/10/994/1 consists of memoranda, letters, and correspondence concerning the development of an oil concession for Qatar. Correspondence discusses the form of wording to be used in responding to a request from the Eastern and General Syndicate Limited to contact the Shaikh of Qatar [Shaikh Abdullah bin Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani] concerning oil exploitation in his territory. Also discussed are the terms of the British agreement with the Shaikh of Qatar to defend against attack from land and relations between the Shaikh of Qatar and Ibn Saud. IOR/L/PS/10/994/2 consists of memoranda, letters, and correspondence concerning the development of an oil concession for Muscat. Topics discussed include negotiations with the Anglo-Persian Oil Company for an oil concession in Muscat. Also included (ff 268-279) is a copy of the agreement between the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Saiyid Taimur bin Faisal], and the D'Arcy Exploration Company Limited on an oil concession for Muscat.The principal correspondents are: the Under-Secretary of State, Colonial Office, London; the India Office, (John Gilbert Laithwaite); the Admiralty; an official of the Petroleum Department, Mines Department (F C Starling); and the Secretary of the Eastern and General Syndicate Limited (H T Adams).Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 338; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence between ff 2-260, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: This volume contains part 3 of the subject 'Persia Gulf'. It concerns a treaty between Britain and El Katr (also spelled Katar in the file) [Qatar].In a copy of a telegram to the Secretary of State for India, dated 13 August 1913, the Viceroy of India acknowledges the former's wish to negotiate a treaty as soon as Britain's convention with the Turkish government comes into force [the Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913, which was never ratified]. However, the Viceroy suggests that, following the recent death of Shaikh Jasim [Shaikh Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī, Ruler of Qatar], any action should be deferred until his successor, Shaikh Abdullah [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Jāsim Āl Thānī], has established himself as ruler.The volume contains the following:a draft agreement between the British Government and Shaikh Abdullah;British officials' views on the perceived attitude adopted by Bin Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] towards the British authorities and British interests, following his recent settlement with the Turkish government;discussion on the importance of concluding negotiations with Bin Saud prior to completing a treaty with El Katr;the ejection of the Turkish garrison from El Katr;discussion as to whether to retain an arms traffic clause in the draft agreement, following the near collapse of arms traffic during the first year of the First World War;an account of treaty negotiations between the Political Agent, Kuwait (Lieutenant-Colonel William George Grey, accompanied by the Bahrain Political Agent Major Terence Humphrey Keyes) and Shaikh Abdullah;a copy of the final treaty, signed on 3 November 1916 and ratified on 23 March 1918.The volume features the following principal correspondents:Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Percy Zachariah Cox, and Major Stuart George Knox, officiating Resident in Cox's absence);Viceroy of India [Charles Hardinge; Frederic John Napier Thesiger];Secretary of State for India (Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe; Joseph Austen Chamberlain; Edwin Samuel Montagu);Foreign Office;Secretary to the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department [Alfred Hamilton Grant];Political Agent, Kuwait (Lieutenant-Colonel William George Grey).The part includes a divider that gives the subject and part number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in the part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 121; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the one leading flyleaf.
Abstract: The file contains correspondence relating to American consular posts in the Persian Gulf. This largely consists of: correspondence between the Political Agent, Kuwait, and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; correspondence between the Political Agent, Kuwait, and the British Ambassador, Baghdad; copies of correspondence between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf and the India Office, and between the Political Resident and the Political Agents at Bahrain and Muscat; copies of correspondence between the India Office and the Foreign Office; and copies of correspondence between the Foreign Office and the United States Embassy, London.This correspondence mainly relates to the following subjects:the informal inclusion of Oman (Muscat), Qatar, and the Trucial Coast within the district of the United States Consul at Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, and the activities of the United States Vice-Consul at Dhahranthe proposed agreement between the United Kingdom and the US for the reciprocal grant of certain financial privileges for officials other than diplomatic and consular personnelthe report of the Political Agent, Kuwait, on the visit to Kuwait from 13 to 16 July 1945 of the US Vice-Consul at Basrah [Basra]the visit to Kuwait of the US Ambassador to Iraq as a guest of the Kuwait Oil Company on 28 March 1947 for two nightsenquiries made by the US Vice-Consul at Basra to the Political Agent, Kuwait, about Farsi Island and the Kuwait Order-in-Council and ‘extra-territoriality’the establishment of an American Consulate at KuwaitAmerican consular ‘infiltration’ into Kuwait and the saluting by gun of American consular officers during the visit of units of the US NavyPhysical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 60; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: Copies of official correspondence to and from Lewis Pelly, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Charles Gonne, Secretary to the Government of Bombay; the Political Agent at Muscat (Colonel Herbert Disbrowe, Captain George Andrew Atkinson) and the Secretaries to the Government of India (Charles Girdlestone, William Muir). There is also enclosed correspondence on behalf of the Secretary of State for India (Sir Stafford Northcote, The Duke of Argyll, The Marquess of Salisbury, and the Viscount Cranbrook) and the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (the Earl of Clarendon).The correspondence covers there main areas in relation to affairs in the Persian Gulf:The situation in Muscat including the dispute between the Sultan of Muscat and the Wahabees [Wahhabi]; threats to the Sultanship from Ibrahim bin Qais and Azzan bin Qais; and the attempts by Sayyid Turki bin Said al-Said to overthrow his nephew Sayyid Salim II bin Thuwaini al-Said.The resolution of affairs in relation to Bahrein [Bahrain], Guttur [Qatar] and Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi] following acts of plunder and aggression undertaken by members of their tribes against Persian and Arabian towns and villages. The correspondence refers to Bahrein and Aboothabee's reaffirmation of their commitment to the maritime peace treaty and the signing of the treaty by Mahommed ben Sanee [Muhammad bin Thānī] of Guttur, as well as decisions in regard to the sanctions against Mohammed ben Khalifah [Shaikh Muḥammed bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah], the orchestrator of the acts of aggression.Questions regarding the sovereignty of Bahrein and Guttur. The correspondence includes details of both Persia and Turkey's claims to the sovereignty of Bahrein and includes translations of letters from Mahommed ben Khalifah [Shaikh Muḥammed bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah] in which he recognises Persia's sovereignty of Bahrein and its peoples and concerns over Turkish claims of sovereignty following the death of a Turkish General on the mainland near Bahrein.The question of the sovereignty of Guttur relates to its recognition by Lewis Pelly in 1868 in signing the maritime peace treaty and arrangements made by Pelly for the tribute paid by Guttur to Bahrein to be paid through the Political Residency, which the British Government viewed as simply an arrangement to pay tribute to protect both states frontiers against the Naim [Āl Na‘īm] and Wahabee [Wahhabi] tribes, rather than a statement of Guttur's independence.Physical description: Foliation: The contents of the file have been foliated using a pencil number enclosed in a circle located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio.