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1. ‘File 21/13 DETENTION OF MUSCAT SUBJECT BY AMIR OF ZAKRIT'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence relating to the abduction and enslavement of a young man from Muscat, who was found working at Petroleum Concessions Limited’s (PCL) oilfields in Qatar, and attempts by the Political Agent and others, including Saleh Al Mana [Ṣāliḥ Āl Māni‘], a representative of the Sheik [Shaikh] of Qatar, to retrieve him from captivity. Principal correspondents in the file include: the Political Agent at Bahrain (Cornelius Pelly), Basil Henry le Riolet Lermitte, Manager for PCL, and Saleh Al Mana. The file includes a copy of a statement, dated 13 December 1948, made by the freed man at the Political Agency in Bahrain, which describes his abduction and captivity.Note: The Emir of Zakrit [Zekreet, also spelled Zekrit and Zikrit in this file] is accused of detaining the enslaved man (folios 3 and 5); however, in a letter to Pelly from a representative of Petroleum Concessions Ltd, Bahrain, it is indicated that this may have been a case of mistaken identity ('mistaken Emirs') and it was perhaps the Emir of Dukhan who held the enslaved man (see f 12).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 22; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-18; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
2. '11/5 Negotiations with Ibn Saud regarding Boundaries of Saudi Arabia'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises correspondence, memoranda, maps, and other papers relating to questions over the position of Saudi Arabia’s south-eastern frontier adjoining Qatar and the Trucial Coast shaikhdoms, notably Abu Dhabi. Negotiations over the frontier had long been deferred by British Government officials, as a result of the Ruler of Saudi Arabia ‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd’s [Ibn Saud] firm stance in negotiations before the Second World War. However, the need for a resolution became increasingly apparent as a result of ongoing oil exploration in Saudi Arabia by the Arabian American Oil Company (Aramco), and exploration in Qatar and Abu Dhabi by Petroleum Concessions Limited (PCL). The principal correspondents in the file include: representatives of the India Office, Foreign Office, Ministry of Fuel and Power; the British Legation at Jedda; the Political Agent at Bahrain; and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.The file includes:correspondence, dating from 1944 and 1945, between British Government officials in the Persian Gulf, India Office and Foreign Office, discussing the previous difficulties encountered in negotiating Saudi Arabia’s south-eastern frontiers with Ibn Saud, and the agreement that further negotiations be left until after the event of Ibn Saud’s death (ff 2-29);correspondence from late 1945 through 1947, between Government officials on the possible establishment of a neutral zone between Aramco’s concession area in Saudi Arabia, and PCL’s concession area in Qatar. Also, there is some discussion of Aramco’s proposals to begin seabed exploration off the eastern coast of Saudi Arabia (ff 36-59);PCL’s request for permission to conduct seismic surveys at the southernmost limit of their concession area in Qatar (ff 76-95);reports of Aramco survey parties making incursions into PCL’s concession areas in Qatar and Abu Dhabi (ff 104-127);Government criticism of PCL’s delay in exploiting its concession areas in Qatar and Abu Dhabi (f 133);preparations in August 1949 for the reopening of frontier negotiations with the Saudi Government in Jedda. Papers include: a copy of a confidential memorandum with map, dated 2 February 1948, on the south-eastern frontier of Saudi Arabia, prepared by J E Cable of the Eastern Department of the Foreign Office (ff 164-169; copy also at ff 87-91); three further confidential memoranda with maps, prepared by the Eastern Department in 1940, outlining past and present negotiations on the position of the south-eastern frontiers of Saudi Arabia (ff 170-180, ff 181-185, ff 186-188); proposals to send representatives from Qatar and Abu Dhabi to the Jedda negotiations (ff 190-203).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. This file has the following foliation anomaly: 111A. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-203; these numbers are also written in pencil, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence, but they are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
3. '21/2 TAXES IN QATAR'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns protests by Petroleum Development (Qatar) Limited to the British Political Agent at Bahrain regarding the plan of Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Jāsim Āl Thānī, the Ruler of Qatar, to impose a system of taxation on its employees and the question of whether this breaches Article 10 of the Qatar Oil Concession. Correspondents in this file include: Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Geoffrey Prior, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire; Major Reginald George Evelin Alban, Political Agent at Bahrain; Ernest Vincent Packer, Petroleum Development (Qatar) Limited; and the India Office, London.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 15; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
4. '21/5 QATAR HOSPITAL'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns the construction of the first hospital at Doha, Qatar, in the mid-1940s. Correspondents in this file include: Lieutenant-Colonel Arnold Crawshaw Galloway, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bahrain; Cornelius James Pelly, Political Agent at Bahrain; E P Donaldson, India Office, London; Dr W N Storm and Dr Paul Wilberforce Harrison of the American Mission at Bahrain.Details include funding by the American Mission and the possibility of funding from the Government of India based on the scale of that provided for medical facilities at Dubai; the necessity of medical facilities to service the oil industry and for a Political Officer to reside at Doha under Article 8 of the Anglo-Qatar treaty of 1916; relations between the American Mission and Qatar and the British administration; and the possibility of posting an European doctor to Qatar. Notable documents include a letter, dated 6 Dhu al-Qidah 1366 (20 September 1947), from ‘Abdullāh bin Jāsim Āl Thānī to the Political Agent at Bahrain regarding the construction of the hospital and a report by Storm and Harrison about their trip to the hospital at Doha in October 1947.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 24; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
5. 'C.74 CONFIDENTIAL 86/4 EASTERN AND GENERAL SYNDICATE. QATAR.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence between the Political Agent at Bahrain, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, the office of the Secretary of State for India, and the Admiralty regarding the Eastern and General Syndicate's past interest in obtaining a concession for Qatar and the recent movements of Major Frank Holmes and his agents in attempting to reinterest the Shaikh of Qatar (haikh ‘Abdullāh bin Jāsim Āl Thānī) in a concession.The file also includes a summary of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company's interest in a Qatar concession in 1925 and a letter from the Admiralty regarding the need to ensure any concession agreement included sufficient safeguards for British interests in the Persian Gulf.A series of file notes which were maintained as a record of the correspondence in the volume can be found at folios 20-21.Physical description: Foliation: The main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present between ff 5-19; these numbers are also written in pencil and can be found in the same position as the main sequence, although the numbers are not circled. A previous (circled) foliation sequence has been crossed out.
6. ‘Qatar Peninsular Reconnaissance. 11-10-35’
- Description:
- Abstract: Distinctive Features:Outline map of the Qatar Peninsula copied from the British Admiralty Chart No. 2837b and enclosed with a copy of Report on the Air Reconnaissance carried out over Qatar on 11 October 1935 (folios 72-73). Classified ‘Secret’.Shows the reconnaissance route with direction indicated. Contains a table with place names and coordinates listed.Physical description: Materials:Photographic printDimensions:452 x 361 mm, on sheet 490 x 384 mm
7. 'IMPORT INTO QATAR OF A STATUETTE OF VIRGIN MARY'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns the importation into Qatar of a Roman Catholic statuette of the Virgin Mary by a Goanese member of staff of Petroleum Concession Limited at Dukhan [Dukhān]. The case is referred to the Political Agent at Bahrain on 3 December 1947 since there has been no resolution (folio 2) and on 4 March 1948 the case of another Indian being relieved of a statuette is reported (folio 7).The file contains correspondence between Basil Henry le Riolet Lermitte, Petroleum Concession Limited, Bahrain, and Cornelius James Pelly, Political Agent at Bahrain, as well as copies of correspondence between Saleh Al Mana [Ṣāliḥ Āl Māni‘], representative of the Ruler of Qatar, 'Abdullah bin Jasim Al Thani, and Langham, the fields manager at Dukhan.The front and back covers have been reused from closed files and bear the titles: '10/1 BAHRAIN OIL CONCESSION BAPCO' (folio 1v) and '2/12 TRANSMISSION OF SAFE HAND PACKAGES, ETC.' (folio 11v).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 11; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-10; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
8. ‘Accounts’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises papers concerning the finances of the Political Office in Doha, Qatar. The papers chiefly concern the second quarter of 1950, but extend to December 1950 and up until March 1951. Most of the papers were prepared by the Political Officer at Doha, Arthur John Wilton.The first paper in the file is titled ‘Account current of His Majesty’s Political Officer at Doha, Qatar, for the quarter ended 30th June 1950’, and contains details of local currency held by the office, a list of receipts, subheads and payments, and a certificate of account, signed by Wilton.Other papers in the file include:schedule of payments (for example, clerk’s wages, car hire, candles, typewriter repairs);trial balance;statements and details of suspense account;schedules of registration for British subjects for April, May and June 1950;statements for the passport and visa office, with details of fees levied and stamps issued.At the end of the file is a handwritten balance sheet, dated March 1951 on its cover (ff 29-30).Monetary values stated in the file are given in Indian rupees, annas and pies (Rs), or in English pounds, shillings and pence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 30; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
9. 'QATAR SUCCESSION'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns the appointment of an heir to Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Jāsim Āl Thanī, Ruler of Qatar, following the illness and death of his son and heir-apparent, Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Thānī. Details include: Ḥamad's illness and his role in the settlement of the conflict over Zubarah (al-Zubārah) between Bahrain and Qatar in 1944; illnesses of both Shaikh ‘Abdullāh and Shaikh Ḥamad in June 1946; reports on the health of Shaikh ‘Abdullāh by Dr G F N Anderson, Medical Officer at Dukhan [Dukhān] for Petroleum Development (Qatar) Limited during 1947 (folios 8-13); and the serious illness of Shaikh Ḥamad in May 1948 and his death on 27 May 1948.After the announcement of Shaikh Ḥamad's death, there follows correspondence concerning the appointment of a successor, including: Shaikh ‘Abdullāh's announcement of his son, Shaikh ‘Alī bin ‘Abdullāh, as his successor (ff 27-30); information regarding the succession of Shaikh ‘Alī in the event of his death (ff 33 and 38); Shaikh ‘Abdullāh's request for His Majesty's Government to recognise Shaikh ‘Alī as his successor (ff 39 and 42-45); and attempts by Shaikh ‘Abdullāh to recover money from Shaikh Ḥamad's account with the Eastern Bank Limited, Bahrain, in 1949 (ff 40-41). Included within the file is a 'Genealogical Tree of the Ruling Family of Qatar' (ff 23-24).Correspondents within this file include: the Political Resident at Bushire and later at Bahrain; the Political Agent at Bahrain; Olaf Kirkpatrick Kruuse Caroe, External Affairs Department of the Government of India, New Delhi; Ernest Vincent Packer and Basil Henry le Riolet Lermitte, Petroleum Concessions Limited, Bahrain.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 51; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional incomplete foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 25-45; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
10. 'Persian Gulf - Turkish jurisdiction along the Arabian coast (Part I)'
- Description:
- Abstract: A memorandum, written by Adolphus Warburton Moore, Assistant Secretary of the Political and Secret Department of the India Office, 1 September 1879.The document is a summary of correspondence, government reports, and published literature relating to the Turkish expedition into El Hassa [Al Hasa] in 1871, and was compiled in light of a proposed comprehensive arrangement with the Porte about the positions of the two powers along the Gulf coast, and policing responsibilities at sea. The correspondence is from the period 1870-1874 and is principally between various British Government departments and offices connected to the region, and the Turkish Government.The Turkish expedition called into question the sovereignty and jurisdiction of much of the Arabian Peninsula, as well as the coastline and islands of the Gulf. The correspondence contains discussions of these matters and reflects British fears of a loss of their monopoly over the control and security of the Gulf, and a disruption of the treaty relations they maintained with rulers in Bahrein [Bahrain], Guttur [Qatar], the Trucial Coast, Muscat, and Aden.The author quotes extensively from the correspondence and other sources, notes on which are to be found in the margin throughout.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation for this description commences at folio 131 and terminates at folio 144, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The main foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.Condition: folio 131 is torn along one edge, with some loss of text.
11. 'Persian Gulf - Turkish jurisdiction along the Arabian coast (Part III)'
- Description:
- Abstract: A printed memorandum written and compiled by Adolphus Warburton Moore for the Political and Secret Department of the India Office, and dated 2 December 1881.The document is a continuation of 'Persian Gulf - Turkish jurisdiction along the Arabian coast (Part II)' (IOR/L/PS/18/B19/2) and broadly addresses the same issues, namely, how to respond toTurkish claims to sovereignty along the southern coast of the Gulf that could potentially impinge on Britain's commitments with local rulers (in Bahrain and the Trucial Coast) and their security responsibilities at sea (the suppression of piracy).The document summarises correspondence from the previous two years (1879-1881) that had dealt with the matter, beginning with an outline of the opinions of officials from the main departments and institutions involved: the Foreign Office, the Government of India, and the India Office (whose opinion Warburton represents). Other correspondents include officials from the Residencies and Agencies in both the Persian Gulf and Turkish Arabia, as well as the Ambassador at Constantinople.The documents cover several topics, including:The threat to Bahrain from the Beni Hajir tribe and Ottoman ambitions to extend their sovereignty to the island, including the Turkish plan to build a coal depot on the island as a pretext to further political involvement;Questions of how to police the waters under Turkish authority;How Britain should deal with Shaikh Jasim [Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thāni] of El Bidaa [Doha];Turkish claims to parts of the coast of Guttur [Qatar].The document concludes with the perceived outcomes of the discussions, including closer ties with the ruler of Bahrain, who, in December 1880, agreed not to open relations with any foreign power other than Britain.The author quotes extensively from the correspondence and other sources, notes on which are to be found in the margin throughout.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation for this description commences at folio 4 and terminates at folio 18, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 4-197; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the bottom right corner of each folio.Pagination: the document also has an original printed pagination sequence.
12. 'Persian Gulf - Turkish jurisdiction along the Arabian coast (Part II)'
- Description:
- Abstract: A memorandum, written by Adolphus Warburton Moore, Assistant Secretary of the Political and Secret Department of the India Office, 1 September 1879.The document is a continuation of 'Persian Gulf - Turkish jurisdiction along the Arabian coast (Part I)' (IOR/L/PS/18/B19/1) and broadly addresses the same issues, namely, what to do about Turkish claims to sovereignty along the southern coast of the Gulf that could potentially impinge on Britain's treaty commitments with local rulers and their security responsibilities at sea (the suppression of piracy), and whether to come to some kind of comprehensive arrangement with the Ottoman Government to settle the matter. To support this, the document gives a history of recent affairs in the region, making extensive use of correspondence and memoranda mostly written between 1874 and 1879. The principal correspondents are from the Government of India, the Foreign Office, the India Office, and various political and diplomatic offices in the Persian Gulf, Turkish Arabia, and Constantinople. The matters covered by the document concern events at Bahrein [Bahrain], Guttur [Qatar] - including Zobarah [Al Zubarah], Odeid [al-‘Udaid], and El Bidaa [Doha] - Lahsa [al-Hasa], and the Trucial states.The memorandum concludes by outlining the position of the Foreign Office, the Government of India, and the India Office (represented by the author) on the following four matters:1. The status of Odeid;2. The need to better define areas of responsibility and jurisdiction with the Porte, and whether to hold them responsible for order along the coast under their authority;3. A revision of Britain's treaties with Bahrain, the Trucial chiefs, and Muscat;4. The arrangement of Persian Gulf business between the Bushire Residency and the Baghdad Political Agency.The author quotes extensively from the correspondence and other sources, notes on which are to be found in the margin throughout.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 148 and terminates at folio 168, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The main foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.