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1. 'File 9/31 Report that illicit trade between Bahrain and Persia is encouraged by the Political Agent Bahrain'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence between the Political Agent at Bahrain, the British Embassy at Tehran and the Adviser to the Government of Bahrain, concerning allegations of illegal trade between Bahrain and Iran by a merchant from Bushire, who was responsible for smuggling sugar, tea and opium into Bahrain, and who is believed to be employed by the Agency as an 'informer'.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 18; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-13; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
2. 'File 26/94 (F 26) Mohammerah; Shaikh Khazal's offer re: building of Ahwaz Consulate'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence relating to plans and a proposal to build a British consulate at Ahwaz. The correspondents include: Percy Cox, Political Resident at Bushire; David Lorimer and Lieutenant James Gabriel Lancaster Ranking, Vice-Consul and Acting Vice-Consul for Arabistan at Ahwaz, respectively; William McDouall, Consul for Arabistan at Mohammerah [Korramshahr]; Arthur Hardinge, British Minister at Tehran; and the Foreign Department of the Government of India.The documents cover a prolonged discussion over the details of the plans for the site, including responsibility for the building and financing of the project, rent, and a claim by Moin ut-Tujjar that the land belongs to him. Also contained in the volume is the response to Sheikh Khazal's [Khaz‘al Āl Ka‘bī] request to purchase rifles from the British government.Folios 16 and 125a are sketch plans of the proposed site.Physical description: Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using circled pencil numbers positioned in the top-right corner of each recto. An original pagination system runs through the volume, which uses blue/black pencil numbers in the top-left corners of versos and the top-right corners of rectos.The following foliation anomalies occur: 1a, 1b, 1c, 41a, 103a, 103b, 103c, 105a, 125a, 130a, 130b. Folio 110 is missing.Foldouts: folios 16, 26.
3. ‘File 41/2 Arms traffic’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises correspondence in response to various reports of arms smuggling in around the Arabian Peninsula. The principal correspondents in the file are the Political Agent at Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Arnold Crawshaw Galloway), the Political Officer on the Trucial Coast (Captain Raymond Clive Murphy; Captain Hugh Dunstan Rance), the Residency Agent at Sharjah (Jasim ibn Muhammad Kadmari), and the British Consular Agent at Lingah (sometimes spelt Lingeh) [Bandar-e Lengeh], D J Stephens.The file includes correspondence concerning:reports of arms and ammunition smuggling from Dubai into the Iranian coast, including several reports from the British Consular Agent at Lingah (for example, ff 15, f 17, and f 23), which were forwarded to the Political Agent at Bahrain, and in turn onwards to the Political Officer on the Trucial Coast or the Residency Agency at Sharjah who reported their investigations into the accuracy of the claims back to the Political Agent;the theft in October 1944 of ammunition from stores at RAF Sharjah, the implication of the RAF Levies in the theft, and the status of RAF investigations and courts martial (ff 6-25);reports of large quantities of SAA (small arms ammunition) dumped by the Royal Air Force (RAF) in shallow waters at Ras al Hadd, and subsequently recovered by the local population and sold to local sheikhs (ff 29-30);British officials’ efforts in 1946 to track the movements of a vessel carrying arms from Mukalla [Al-Mukallā] to Dubai via Muscat (ff 52-57 and ff 61-64);an allegation of arms dealing between the Āl Thānī of Qatar and the Āl Mana of Bahrain, in correspondence exchanged between the Political Agent at Bahrain and the Adviser to the Government of Bahrain (Charles Dalrymple-Belgrave) (ff 65-69);the theft of Government rifles from the British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) Station Manager’s office at Sharjah, in early 1947 (ff 79-80 and f 82);a compensation claim from a nakhuda who was commissioned to transport ammunition for the Royal Navy during the war, and who was subsequently robbed of his cargo and possessions (ff 85-88 and ff 93-97);Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 111; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 1-110; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
4. 'File 53/83 II (D 105) Smuggling Between 'Iraq + Kuwait'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding alleged smuggling activities from Kuwait into Iraq. Primarily, the file contains internal correspondence between British officials but it also includes correspondence between British officials and Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, the ruler of Kuwait.As well as general discussions regarding British attempts to mediate between Iraq and Kuwait, the correspondence also discusses a number of specific incidents including an alleged incursion into Kuwaiti territory made by Iraqi Government armoured cars, the shooting of two Kuwaiti subjects by Iraqi police and shots being fired by Iraqi Customs officials at a Kuwaiti vessel near Warba Island.The file contains a write-up of an interview that took place in September 1934 between Shaikh Aḥmad and Ralph Ponsonby Watts, the acting Political Agent in Kuwait (ff 122-126) as well as a write-up of an informal conversation, that also took place in September 1934, between Percy Gordon Loch, the acting Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Tahsin Beg 'Ali, the Mutasarrif [Governor] of Basrah, and Dr Naji Beg Al Asil, the Director General of Foreign Affairs for the Government of Iraq (ff 127-132).The file also contains a note on Iraqi-Kuwaiti Smuggling written in July 1934 by Trenchard Craven William Fowle, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (ff 65-66) and a bi-lingual Arabic/English copy of suggestions proposed to Shaikh Ahmad by the Government of Iraq in September 1934 (f 145).Physical description: Condition: Formerly a bound correspondence volume, the majority of the file's folios are now loose and unbound.Foliation: The file's foliation is written in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. The foliation sequence, which should be used for referencing, begins with the first item of correspondence, on number 1, and ends on the last folio with text, on number 235. The file contains the following foliation errors: f 115 is followed by f 115A; f 151 is followed by ff 151A-B; the following numbers are missing from the sequence: f 11, f 160.
5. 'File 53/83 III (D 113) Kuwait-Iraq Smuggling'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding alleged smuggling activities from Kuwait into Iraq.Primarily, the file contains internal correspondence between British officials discussing efforts to resolve the issue. It also contains correspondence between British officials and their Iraqi counterparts as well as correspondence between Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, the ruler of Kuwait and Trenchard Craven William Fowle, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.The broader political implications of the tensions between Iraq and Kuwait are discussed in the file alongside details regarding Britain's mediation between the two sides.The file contains a write-up of a meeting held at the Foreign Office in March 1935 to discuss the issue of smuggling that was attended by representatives of the Foreign Office and the India Office and by Archibald Clark Kerr, the Ambassador Designate at Baghdad (ff. 112-118).Physical description: Condition: A bound correspondence volume.Foliation: The file has an incomplete foliation sequence and a complete foliation sequence. The complete foliation sequence, which should be used for referencing, begins on the first folio after the front cover, on number 1A, and ends on the last folio of writing, on number 223. The file contains the following foliation errors: f 1 is followed by ff 1A-D; f 108 is followed by ff 108A-B; f.110 is followed by f 110A; f 157 is followed by f 157A.
6. 'File 53/83 IV (D 123) Kuwait-Iraq Smuggling'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding alleged smuggling activities from Kuwait into Iraq. The correspondence discusses a number of topics including incursions into Kuwaiti territory made by Iraqi Customs and Police Forces, anti-Smuggling measures adopted by the Iraqi Government and negotiations between the two sides mediated by the British.Primarily, the file contains internal correspondence between British officials discussing efforts to resolve the issue. It also contains correspondence between British officials and their Iraqi counterparts as well as correspondence between Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, the ruler of Kuwait and Harold Richard Patrick Dickson, the British Political Agent in Kuwait.The file contains a write-up of a meeting held at the Foreign Office in London in July 1935 and attended by Shaikh Aḥmad and representatives from the India Office. It also contains a list of violations of Kuwaiti territory by Iraqi Customs and Police Forces between 1933 and 1936 (ff. 158-161) and a list of attacks made on Kuwait in the Iraqi press from the same period (ff. 198-200) as well as a rough sketch map of the bay of Kuwait (f. 29).Physical description: Condition: A bound correspondence volume.Foliation: The file's foliation is written in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. The foliation sequence, which should be used for referencing, begins on the title page, on number 1, and ends on the inside of the back cover, on number 258. The file contains the following foliation errors: f 1 is followed by ff 1A-C.
7. 'File 53/83 IX (D 176) Kuwait Iraq Smuggling'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding smuggling from Kuwait into Iraq. The correspondence covers a number of topics including discussions regarding the current level of smuggling activity between the two countries, incursions into Kuwaiti territory made by Iraqi Customs and Police Forces, interference with Kuwaiti vessels by Iraqi Customs launches within Kuwait territorial waters, the importation of cars and tyres into Kuwait, the activities of Shaikh Subah Al Nasir Al Subah [Ṣabāḥ al-Nāṣir Āl Ṣabāḥ], a grandson of Shaikh Mubārak Āl Ṣabāḥ and the shooting of Shaikh Mohamed Ahmad Al Jabir Al Sabah [Muḥammad Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ] by Iraqi police forces.Primarily, the file contains internal correspondence between British officials, but it also contains translated copies of correspondence between Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, the ruler of Kuwait and the British Political Agent in Kuwait, as well as correspondence between the Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the British Embassy in Baghdad.The file contains an original letter (f. 143v) from Shaikh Aḥmad to Charles Geoffrey Prior, the British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, dated 24 October 1944. The letter is in Arabic and signed by Shaikh Aḥmad.Physical description: Condition: A bound correspondence volume.Foliation: The file's main foliation sequence commences at the title page and terminates at the last page of content (i.e. text); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A second foliation sequence is present between ff 2-222; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.The file also has a pagination sequence that is present in the index section at the back of the volume; these numbers are written in a combination of blue crayon, black ink, and pencil.The file contains the following foliation errors: 58, 58A, and 58B; 68, and 68A; 195, and 195A.
8. 'File 53/83 V (D 126) Kuwait-Iraq Smuggling'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding alleged smuggling activities from Kuwait into Iraq. The correspondence discusses a number of topics including incursions into Kuwaiti territory made by Iraqi Customs and Police Forces, anti-Smuggling measures adopted by the Iraqi Government and negotiations between the two sides mediated by the British.Primarily, the file contains internal correspondence between British officials discussing efforts to resolve the issue. It also contains translated copies of correspondence between Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, the ruler of Kuwait and Harold Richard Patrick Dickson, the British Political Agent in Kuwait. One of the letters from Shaikh Aḥmad contains a diagrammatic sketch map of the Iraqi-Kuwait border area (f 86 and an identical copy on f 120).The file contains a write-up of a meeting held at the Foreign Office in London in October 1936 that was attended by Trenchard Craven William Fowle, the British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf and representatives from the India Office and the Foreign Office (ff 189-193).Physical description: Condition: A bound correspondence volume, the covers of which have come loose.Foliation: The file's foliation is written in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. The foliation sequence, which should be used for referencing, begins with the first item of correspondence, on number 1, and ends on the last folio of writing, on number 214. The file contains the following foliation errors: no f 39; f 46 is followed by f 46A; f 93 is followed by f 93A.
9. 'File 53/83 VI (D 135) Kuwait-Iraq Smuggling'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding alleged smuggling activities from Kuwait into Iraq. The correspondence discusses a number of topics including incursions into Kuwaiti territory made by Iraqi Customs and Police Forces, the Saudi-Kuwait Agreement, arms smuggling, and the demarcation of the Kuwait-Iraq frontier.Primarily, the file contains internal correspondence between British officials discussing efforts to resolve the issue. It also contains translated copies of correspondence between Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, the ruler of Kuwait and the British Political Agent in Kuwait as well as correspondence between British officials and the Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs.The file contains a write-up of a meeting held at the Foreign Office in London in November 1937 that was attended by Trenchard Craven William Fowle, the British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Archibald Clark Kerr, the British Ambassador in Baghdad and representatives from the India Office and the Foreign Office (ff 180-186).Physical description: Condition: A bound correspondence volume.Foliation: The file's foliation is written in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. The foliation sequence begins with the first telegram, on number 1, and ends on the last folio of writing, on number 202. The file contains the following foliation errors: f 1 is followed by f 1A; f 141 is followed by f 141A; f 166 is followed by f 166A.
10. 'File 53/83 VII (D 147) Kuwait Iraq Smuggling'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding alleged smuggling activities from Kuwait into Iraq. The majority of the correspondence discusses details regarding arms trafficking from Kuwait into Iraq and incursions into Kuwaiti territory made by Iraqi Customs and Police Forces.Primarily, the file contains internal correspondence between British officials. It also contains translated copies of correspondence between Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, the ruler of Kuwait and the British Political Agent in Kuwait as well as correspondence between the British Embassy in Baghdad and the Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs.The file contains a write-up of a meeting held at the Foreign Office in London in October 1938 that was attended by Taufiq Suwaidi, the Iraqi Minister for Foreign Affairs (ff 125-129).The file also contains a report on arms traffic in the region from December 1938 that was compiled by a Saudi informant (ff 165-169). The report includes a comparative table of the prices of rifles and ammunition in Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Kuwait.A large hand-drawn map of the Arabian Peninsula is contained in the file on folio 173.Physical description: Condition: A bound correspondence volume.Foliation: The file's foliation sequence commences at the title page and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The file contains the following foliation errors: 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D and has the following omissions: 68, 126, 128, 131.
11. 'File 53/83 VIII (D 153) Kuwait-Iraq Smuggling'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding alleged smuggling activities from Kuwait into Iraq. The correspondence discusses a number of topics including incursions into Kuwaiti territory made by Iraqi Customs and Police Forces, arms smuggling, the demarcation of the Kuwait-Iraq frontier, the possibility of Kuwait constructing frontier posts and an idea for the creation of a British-led armed force in Kuwait.Primarily, the file contains internal correspondence between British officials, but it also contains translated copies of correspondence between Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, the ruler of Kuwait and the British Political Agent in Kuwait, as well as correspondence between the Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the British Embassy in Baghdad.Physical description: Condition: A bound correspondence volume.Foliation: The file's main foliation sequence commences at the first folio and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A second foliation sequence is present between ff 3-89A; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.The file contains the following foliation errors: 2, 2A, and 2B; 89, and 89A and the following folio is omitted: 190.
12. 'File B/5 Import of Tea in Bahrain and Export from'
- Description:
- Abstract: The letters and office notes comprising the file concern the smuggling of tea from Bahrain into Bushire. The principal correspondents in the file are the British Vice-Consul in Bushire (Herbert Chick until 1910, Newton Worral thereafter) and the Political Agent in Bahrain (Captain Francis Beville Prideaux until May 1909, Captain Charles Fraser Mackenzie from May 1909 to November 1910).Each year, the Vice-Consul in Bushire requested from the Political Agency in Bahrain, figures on the amount of tea exported from Bahrain into Persia. These requests were made in response to a continuing fall in the legitimate import of tea into the Persian coast, and a corresponding rise in tea smuggled into Persia from Bahrain. A note on the smuggling of tea from Bahrain into Persia, written by Mackenzie and dated 30 September 1910, provides an overview of the situation, with export figures covering the years 1907-1910 (folios 33-34). Much of the correspondence between Chick and Prideaux/Mackenzie is demi-official in tone, and includes additional commentaries relating to a number of other commercial matters, including the presence and activities of the German firm Wonckhaus & Company (folios 8-9, 17-18, 19), and the possibility of English-speaking Hindu merchants being appointed as agents for shipping in Bahrain (folios 8-9, 10).Physical description: Foliation: The file is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using circled pencil numbers located in the top-right corner of each recto. An earlier foliation system using uncircled pencil numbers in the top-right corner of rectos, runs throughout the file.
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