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1. ‘Capt C. at Marshag. May 22nd 71’
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject MatterThis pencil sketch on paper depicts a man reclining against a pillow on a chaise-longue while reading. It is drawn in the style of a caricature, which is in keeping with other figural sketches in this volume and, more broadly, in the related files Mss Eur F140/232 and Mss Eur F140/233, which, together with this volume, complete the trio of journals created by Jeffrey C. Amherst.The man depicted is likely Captain Chamberlain, who Amherst cites as being ‘in command’ of B & D Companies upon his arrival at Aden on 30 November 1870. He is wearing at least one brace and holding the papers he is reading above his torso.The latter part of the inscription – ‘Marshag’ – refers to Ras Marshag, a promontory to the south of the Crater, upon which a lighthouse (built in 1861 to facilitate the navigation of increasing numbers of steamers passing through) was situated as well as the quarters for a detachment of infantry.InscriptionsUpper left corner: ‘Capt C at Marshag May 22nd 71’Temporal ContextThe drawing was made during the period Amherst was based at Aden, between 30 November 1870 and 1871/1872; on 5 February 1871, Amherst notes that he was in command of D Company and that he was based at the Isthmus Position, where two companies of British and two companies of Native Infantry were regularly based according to an 1877 publication (F. M. Hunter, An Account of the British Settlement at Aden, (London: Trübner & Co., 1877)). It seems Amherst moved about frequently between Crater, Isthmus, Ras Marshag and elsewhere during his time at Aden.Physical description: Dimensions:107 x 182 mm [landscape]Materials:Pencil on paperCondition:The paper is slightly foxed, but otherwise in good condition with adhesive still sturdy.Foliation:The image has been assigned a sequential number, 4, which is written in pencil in the lower right corner of the page onto which the image is pasted.
2. 'South Persian Rifles and Southern Persia Vol II'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains material relating to the South Persia Rifles, southern Persia [Iran], the Bakhtiari [Bakhtiyari] Tribe and the oil fields developed by the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC). It includes:A table showing the disposition of troops in southern Persia in December 1917The capture of an incriminating letter addressed to Mukhbir Us Sulteneh [Mahdi Quli Khan Hidayat Mukhbir al-Saltanah]The outbreak of clashes between the nomadic tribes of southern Persia and the South Persia RiflesThe call by Soulat [Isma’il Khan Sawlat al-Dawlah Qashqa’i], Ilkhani of the Kashgai [Qashqa'i] Tribe, for a jehad [jihad] against foreign forces in Persia [The Ilkhani being the Paramount Chief of the tribe]The loss of the post at Khaneh Zinian [Khan-i Zaniyan] to the Kashgais led by SoulatThe logistics required for extending the right flank of the Allied forces in Mesopotamia [Iraq] to the Caspian SeaThe reinforcement of the forces under Sir Percy Molesworth Sykes via Bandar Abbas and Bushire [Bushehr]The placement of Sykes under the command of General Charles Monro, Commander-in-Chief, IndiaThe departure of the German agent Wilhelm Wassmuss towards Khaneh ZinianThe general expression of ‘nationalist resentment’ at the presence of British forces in Central PersiaThe offer of the Persian Admiral, Mirza Ahmad Khan Tangistani Daryabegi, to collaborate against SoulatThe declaration by Habib Allah Khan Qavam al-Mulk Shirazi of his support for the Governor of Fars, Abd al-Husayn Mirza Farmanfarma, and his readiness to defend Shiraz against SoulatThe clashes between the Kalantar of Kazerun, Nasir Divan Kazeruni, and British forces outside ShirazAn offer of assistance from the Kalantar of the Kashkuli Tribe, Muhammad ‘Ali Khan KashkuliThe lack of co-operation between the British Minister at Tehran, Charles Marling, and Sir Percy SykesThe placement of all British troops in southern Persia under the command of an officer with the rank of Brigadier-GeneralA joint letter from the khans of Borasjun [Borazjan], Tangistan and Chakutah [Chahkootah] to the Political Resident at Bushire to enquire about the objectives of the recently-arrived British regimentsThe possibility of installing Mirza Hasan Khan Vusugh (Vusugh al-Dawlah) as Prime Minister, following the Italian victory at the Second Battle of Piave River, and the suspension of German operations against FranceThe recommendation of Brigadier-General George Younghusband to surround oilfields with ‘barbed wire fence with electric light standards and ring of sentries like prisoners of war camp’The willingness of the Ilkhani of the Bakhtiyari to ‘maintain order’ in the oilfields of southern PersiaThe siege of Indian Army troops at Abadeh by the Kashgai and the desertion of all South Persia RiflesThe mobilisation of Mirza Kuchak Khan's Jangali Movement to seize control of RashtA quarrel between the German agent, Wassmuss and the Ilkhani of the Kashgai, SoulatThe defection of the Kashgai chiefs ‘Ali Khan Qashqa’i Salar-i Hishmat and Ahmad Khan Qashqa’i Sardar-i IhtishamThe order from Khusraw Khan Bakhtiyari Sardar-i Zafar to Yusuf Khan Bakhtiyari Amir Mujahid to relieve the siege of Abadeh, and prevent Murtaza Quli Khan Samsam from joining the KashgaisThe pursuit by Sardar-i Ihtisham, Muhammad ‘Ali Khan Kashkuli, and Qavam al-Mulk Shirazi of Soulat and his band of followers and the retreat of Nasir Divan Kazeruni to KazerunA request from Soulat to Ayoz Kika [Haj Iyaz Khan Shakiri Qashqa’i] for reinforcementsThe arrest of Baha Us Sultan [Baha’ al-Sultan Shirazi], a leading democrat [i.e. of the Hizb-i Democrat-i Fars]The deployment of Sultan Kazem Khan [Sultan Kazim Khan Shamlu’s] Darrahshuri tribal forces to AbadehThe preference of Vusugh al-Dawlah for Swedish officers to lead the national police in PersiaA rumour about the presence of the German agent Oskar von Niedermeyer in Bakhtiyari CountryThe encirclement, by Soulat, of Sardar-i Ihtisham and the South Persia Rifles at FiruzabadThe relief of Sardar-i Ihtisham and the South Persia Rifles by Colonel Ernest Frederick OrtonThe death of Muhammad ‘Ali Khan Kashkuli at Shiraz on 20 October 1918The handover of the South Persia Rifles by Sir Percy Sykes to Colonel Orton and the former's arrival at DelhiThe refusal by Wassmuss to surrender to British forces, and his rejection of an offer of repatriationThe readiness of the Persian Government to co-operate in the arrest and deportation of WassmussA proposal by Colonel Orton of the South Persia Rifles for the organisation of a national Persian Army.Physical description: The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 405; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-389.
3. Third of 3 Journals (1867–73) of Jeffery Charles Amherst (1844–77), fourth son of 2nd Earl Amherst
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject MatterThird of three journals covering Amherst’s service with his regiment and furloughs in India and Europe between 1867 and 1873.Watercolour, pen and ink and pencil drawings interspersed throughout the journal. There are four unidentified watercolour views loose in the album, the latest of which is dated 'April 1876'.There are a number of blank pages, especially at the end of the volume, as the journal finishes two-thirds of the way through on 25 April 1873.1 ‘Part of the village of Lamayuri from the Cashmere Rd. August 3rd 70’2 ‘Peculiar formation of rocks opposite Corbu August 3rd 1870’3 ‘Buddist idol near Skergol. August 4th’4 ‘Capt C. at Marshag. May 22nd 71’; pasted into volume5 ‘Aden – Oct. 22nd /71’; pasted into volume6 ‘Baxters mixture Dec’ 1’871 [ sic]’. ; pasted into volume; caricature7 ‘Bunter alias Fireworks Dec’ 1871’; pasted into volume; caricature8 Group of small drawings: one figure, one head and four profile/character studies, one sketch of a triangular sail9 View, possibly Alexandria10 ‘On the Mahmoudieh Canal Dec’ 28th /72’11 ‘My ride into Alexandria Dec’ 20th /72’12 ‘Our Arab Reis on board the Erin.’13 ‘Where we ran aground above Atfeh December 29th’14 Group of four small drawings: ‘On the bank of the Mahmoudieh Canal Dec’ 29th’; untitled [male figure from behind standing on the cargo of a loaded boat]; ‘Charlie A in pursuit of snipe’ and ‘Rosetta Jan. 1st /73’15 ‘Sunset on the Mahmoudieh Canal. Jan 3rd /73.’16 Group of seven small drawings of Egypt: ‘An ex-captain of the Eton eight on the Kayan Tantaras – Jan 14th’; ‘At the Opera Cairo Jan 7th’; ‘Jos nearly shoots another lynx Jan 18th’ [see below]; untitled [Arab man riding a donkey]; untitled [water fowl]; ‘Our consul – Jan 3rd’; untitled [Arab woman carrying a vessel on her head]; and the following account: ‘Jos’ account – “As I was walking home in the moonlight a large beast crept out of the bushes before me. I cornered him with my gun and was about to pull, when a second evidently terrified figure made its appearance &c &c &c”’17 ‘The false Pyramid from Whasta Jan 11th /73’18 ‘View from our camp at El Edwa, Fayoom’; table denoting game killed while at Ed Edwa19 ‘From under the Bal el Nasr. Cairo Feb 3rd’20 ‘Louley and Co’; pasted into volume; man seated next to donkey, inscribed ‘Tebiz 73’21 Street scene from below taking in mashrabiya in silhouette, possibly Cairo22 ‘In the straits of Messina March 31st’23 ‘In the Straits of Messena [ sic] March 31st’24 ‘SE Cape of Sicily from the Straits March 31st’25 ‘Stromboli March 31st’26 Group of three small drawings, respectively, one sketch of two figures, one portrait, one profile: ‘March 30th’; ‘Madame Veritas’; and ‘He would swing confound him March 29th’ 27 ‘Turin 21st April /73’ [unfinished drawing]28 ‘From my Garden – Algiers April 1876’; loose29 Unidentified landscape scene depicting vineyards, six figures at far right; loose[not numbered] Unidentified maritime scene: two boats at sunset, bell tower and other buildings in silhouette; loose[not numbered] Unidentified landscape at sunset; loose[not numbered] Unidentified watercolour sketch of cruciform gravestone, flowers; held within unsealed envelope, marked with monogram and address: ‘45, Rutland Gate, S.W.’; looseLabelsLetterpress affixed to inner rear endpaper:‘FromBowden & Co.314, Oxford Street,Corner of HarewoodPlace,London, W.’Physical description: DimensionsVolume: 21 x 17 cm
4. ‘Aden – Oct 22nd /71’
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject MatterThese two small watercolour drawings depict scenes taken from life at the Settlement of Aden in 1871. Both drawings focus on Arabs’ use of camels as a form of transport.In the left-hand drawing, four veiled women perch alongside one another atop a litter held in place on the back of a light-haired camel. All four women are obscured in blue robes; the woman on the right has an uncovered face, while only the eyes of the other three women are visible.A tall, slender man wearing only a blue loincloth and turban leads the camel by a tether attached to a harness about its muzzle. He holds what appears to be a walking stick or cane in his right hand.The right-hand image shows an Arab man standing balanced on the neck of a dark-haired camel. He is wearing a turban and loincloth, which is held together by a belt that also holds a janbiyain place. Both the material of the turban and loincloth are blue with red detailing and have been rendered very delicately in order to illustrate this. The man wears an object at his side, held there by a strap that crosses his torso. He whirls a whip above his head. Behind him, balanced on the camel’s saddle is a long-barrelled rifle; it has been decorated in black and white concentric stripes.Both drawings are stylistically in keeping with other sketches of ‘natives’ in this volume and in the related files Mss Eur F140/232 and Mss Eur F140/233, which, together with this volume, complete the trio of journals created by Jeffrey C. Amherst.InscriptionsLower left corner: ‘Aden – Oct 22nd /71’Temporal ContextThe drawing was made during the period Amherst was based at Aden, between 30 November 1870 and 1871/1872. It is likely to have been sketched from life either at or near the Isthmus Position, where two companies of British and two companies of Native Infantry were regularly based, according to an 1877 publication (F. M. Hunter, An Account of the British Settlement at Aden, (London: Trübner & Co., 1877)) and where Amherst was attending a musketry course between 18–28 October 1871. Amherst moved about frequently between Crater, Isthmus, Ras Marshag and elsewhere during his time at Aden.Physical description: Dimensions:108 x 180 mm [landscape]Materials:Pencil on paperCondition:The paper is slightly foxed, with light surface residue but otherwise in good condition with adhesive still sturdy.Foliation:The images have been assigned a sequential number, 5, which is written in pencil in the lower right corner of the page onto which the image is pasted.