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1. ‘Persian Gulf – Affairs – Vol: 2’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2203/108134. The main correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Major Samuel Hennell, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf. It is the second in a series of thirty items.The item concerns:Reports of conflicting rumours of Lieutenant William Henry Wybard’s fate, including death, marriage with children, and enslavementA potential rebellion against the Governor of Fars, Houssein Khan [Muḥammad Ḥusayn Khān Muqaddam Marāgha'i], by Bakir Khan [Bāqir Khān Tangistānī], Chief of Tungistan [Tangestan], and Hajee Khan [Ḥājī Khān], the Chief of Dashtee [Dashti County]Proceedings against ‘piratical’ ports by Commander John Croft Hawkins, Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf, and a proposed joint venture with the Governor of Fars to oblige ports along the Persian [Iranian] coast to pay compensation for British and Persian ships which had been the victims of ‘piracy’Violence against Bedouin tribes by Saed bin Tahnoon, Sheik of Aboothabee [Shaikh Sa‘īd bin Ṭaḥnūn Āl Nahyān, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi], and a demand for compensation by Mahomed ben Syf ul Ujajee, Sheik of Brymee [Muḥammad bin Sayf al-‘Ajjājī, Shaikh of Al Buraymi].The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 700/47, Coll[ection] 18, Collection No 1 of No 37’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 612, and terminates at f 641 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
2. ‘Persian Gulf - Nedjd - Invasion of - by Sheik Khaled.’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai] to the East India Company Court of Directors.The item concerns two military campaigns conducted by Egyptian forces in the Arabian Peninsula. The first campaign is in Nedgd [Najd], is led by Sheikh Khaled bin Saud [Shaikh Khālid bin Sa'ūd Āl Sa'ūd], and aims at conquering the territories of Sheik Fysul ben Toorkee [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin 'Abdullāh Āl Sa'ūd], the Wahabee [Wahhabi] chief [Emir of Najd]. Reports on the progress of this campaign are provided by local sources in the Gulf, in particular by Mirza Mahamed Ally [Mīrzā Muḥammad 'Alī], the Native Agent at Bahrein [Bahrain], and the possible implications for the eastern Arabian coast are discussed.The second campaign, led by Abrahim Pacha [Ibrahim Pasha Kavali] is focused in the southwest of the Arabian Peninsula. The item contains: reports of the Egyptian conquest of Tauz [Taizz, also referred to as Taas in the item]; the plans of the Imaum of Senna [Imam of Sana’a] with support from the Aseer [Asir] tribe, to launch counter attacks on Tauz and Mocha; the conditions in Mocha; and the suggestion to keep HMS Euphratesstationed in the Red Sea to protect British property and trade in Mocha.The primary correspondents are: Captain Samuel Hennell, Officiating Resident in the Persian Gulf; John Pollard Willoughby, Secretary to Government, Bombay; Mirza Mahamed Ally; and Rear Admiral Sir Charles Malcolm, Superintendent of the Indian Navy.The item contains a table of contents (f 526), and the title page (f 525) contains the following references: ‘P C [Previous Communication] 2196, No. 10, Draft 573-1838, Collection No. 10 of No. 32’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 525 and terminates at f 562, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
3. ‘Persian Gulf. Intelligence regarding the intention of the Wahabee Ruler to visit Lahsah ostensibly to establish his authority over certain Bedouin Tribes – reported’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Captain Arnold Burrowes Kemball, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Hajee Jassem [Ḥājjī Jāsim], British Agent at Bahrein [Bahrain]. It is the first in a series of three items about the Persian Gulf.The item concerns:A visit by Ameer Fysul [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd] to Lahsah [Al Hasa]A rumoured expedition by Abdullah ben Fysul [‘Abdullāh bin Fayṣal], son of Ameer Fysul, to OmanPayment of zikat [zakat] by Mahomed ben Khuleefa [Shaikh Muḥammad bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah of Bahrain].The item contains a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft No 350-1853’, ‘Collection No. 1 of No. 16 of 1853’, and ‘Supplementary Volume 1’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 4, and terminates at f 7, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
4. ‘Translation of a Letter, addressed by Hoossein Khan, Sirdar of Erivan to H. R. H. Abbas Mirza’
- Description:
- Abstract: Translation of a letter from the Sirdar of Erivan, Hoossein Khan [Sardar of Iravan or Yerevan, Ḥusayn Qulī Khan Qājār], to Abbas Mirza [Crown Prince of Persia, ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār]. The letter concerns military operations in the khanate of Erivan [Russo-Persian War, 1826-1828], detailing the advance of Russian forces towards Erivan and the battles fought between Russian and Persian [Iranian] troops, including details of the numbers of troops involved and casualties sustained.This document was originally enclosed in the letter of the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 14 May 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/70/227).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
5. ‘Translation of a letter from H. R. H. Abbas Meerza to H. E. the Kaim Makaum’
- Description:
- Abstract: Translation of a letter from Abbas Meerza [Crown Prince of Persia, ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār] to his Vizier, the Kaim Makaum [Mīrzā Abū al-Qāsim Farāhānī, Qāʾim-Maqām]. The letter concerns the ongoing war between Persia [Iran] and Russia in the Caucasus [Russo-Persian War, 1826-1828]. Abbas Meerza details an attack by himself and his forces against Russian forces, during which Persian troops from Irak [Arak] deserted and began to ‘plunder and devastate the country’. He describes their conduct and complains that their behaviour is detrimental to his ability to fight Russia.The letter includes an extract of a letter from the commandant of the fortress of Abbas-Abad [ʿAbbasabad], Mahomed Ameen Khan [Muḥammad Amīn Khān Qājār Davallū], to Ibrahim Khan [Ibrāhīm Khān], detailing the Russian siege of Abbas-Abad.This document was originally enclosed, numbered 5, in the letter of the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 10 July 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/21).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
6. 'Translation of a letter from His Excellency Meerza Bozurg to His Excellency Sir Harford Jones Baronet & KC'
- Description:
- Abstract: Translation of a letter from the vizier of the Prince Royal [Crown Prince] of Persia [Iran], Mirza Bozurg [Mīrzā Buzurg], to HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Persia, Sir Harford Jones. The letter, written on behalf of the Prince Royal, Abbas Mirza, expresses the necessity of Jones meeting the Shah of Persia [Fath-Ali Shāh Qājār], prior to Jones joining the Prince Royal on his campaign.The letter was enclosed in Jones's letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 24 June 1810, and was received 21 November 1810.Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
7. ‘Affairs of the Persian Gulf. Vol: 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai] to the Court of Directors of the East India Company. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of thirty items.The item contains summaries of the enclosures to the political letters, concerning:Events in Fars Province, including proceedings against ‘piratical’ ports by Commander John Croft Hawkins, Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf, in conjunction with the Governor of Fars, Houssein Khan [Muḥammad Ḥusayn Khān Muqaddam Marāgha'i]Punishment of those involved in the assault on Sheik Yoosoof bin Suggur [Shaikh Yūsuf bin Ṣaqr], commander of a British merchant shipThe murder of Sheik Mahomed bin Yoosoof, Chief of Nukheeloo [Shaikh Muḥammad bin Yūsuf, Shaikh of Nakhilu]Payments to commanders of ships conveying passengers for the Government of BombayThe seizure of vessels in the Persian GulfThe actions of Saed bin Tahnoon, Sheik of Aboothabee [Shaikh Sa‘īd bin Ṭaḥnūn Āl Nahyān, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi].The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 700/47, Collection No 18’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 599, and terminates at f 611 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
8. ‘Persian Gulf Affairs.’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, letters to and from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. It covers a range of topics relating to the Persian Gulf. All of the material in the item dates from 1844-45, except for one letter which is from 1834.The item begins with discussion of the entry into Brymee [Al Buraymi, also referred to in the item as Braimee] and Oman of the forces of Saad bin Mootluk [Sa‘d bin Mutlaq], on behalf of Ameer Fysul [Amir Faysal bin Turki bin Abdullah Al Sa‘ud, also referred to in the item as Fysul Alli Suood and Fysul Bin Toorkee] the Wahabee [Wahhabi] leader [Emir of Najd]. This includes:The submission of the local authorities in Brymee to Saad bin Mootluk, and the presentation of gifts to him by several rulers from the Arabian coast of the GulfThe demands of Saad bin Mootluk for tribute from Syud Hamood bin Uzan [Sayyid Hammud bin ‘Azzan al-Bu Sa‘idi] and Syed Soowenee [Sayyid Thuwayni bin Sa‘id Al Bu Sa‘id, also referred to in the item as Syed Sooweynee and Syed Thooenee], the Acting Governor of Muscat [Acting Imam of Muscat], and the response of the latter, including a request to Major Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf, for adviceCorrespondence between Hennell, the Government of Bombay and the Government of India regarding the implications of the above events for British interests in the Gulf, and what their response should be.Also covered in the item is the following:The wreck of two ships off Ejman [Ajman], and the actions of Shaik Abdool Azeez bin Rashid [Shaikh ‘Abd al-‘Aziz bin Rashid al-Nu‘aymi], the Chief of Ejman [Ruler of Ajman] in recovering the ships and cargoes and restoring them to their ownersThe question of how to deal with an attack on a ship from Karrack [Jazireh-ye Khark] carried out by Humud bin Mujudel [Hamad bin Majdal], the Chief of the Amaeer [‘Amayir] tribe, who is said to be under the protection of Shaik Mahomed bin Khaleifa [Shaikh Muhammad bin Khalifah Al Khalifah], the Ruler of Bahrein [Bahrain]The seizure by Shaik Faris [Shaikh Faris bin Ghayth], the Chief of the Chaab [Banu Ka‘ab], of a ship from Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], and the mission of Lieutenant Arnold Burrowes Kemball, Assistant Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, to Mohumrah [Khorramshahr] to try to persuade Shaik Faris to restore the ship and its cargoThe negotiations for the establishment of an alliance between Shaik Sultan bin Suggar [Shaikh Sultan I bin Saqr al-Qasimi] of Rasel Khymah [Ruler of Ra’s al-Khaymah and Sharjah], and Shaik Khuleefa bin Shackboot [Shaikh Khalifa bin Shakhbut al-Nahyan] of Aboothabee [Ruler of Abu Dhabi]The activities of Shaik Abdoollah bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullah bin Ahmad Al Khalifah], the former Ruler of Bahrein, who has received asylum from the Chief of Nabend [Damagheh-ye Nay Band] and is carrying out attacks on ships from BahreinThe appointment of Housseni Khan [Mirza Muhammad Husayn Khan Muqaddam Maragha'i] as Governor [Wali] of Fars, and the reinstatement of Shaik Nasir [Nasr III Al Mazkur] as Governor of Bushire [Bushehr]The arrangements made for the three men accused of the murder of Beebee Aseelah [Bibi Asilu], widow of Meerza Juwad [Mirza Javad Shirazi], the former Native Agent at Shiraz. Two of the accused are to be taken to Tehran, while the third, the victim’s brother, identified as Sultan, son of Hajie Jassem [Haji Jassim], has made a confession (included in the item) and is to remain behindA dispute regarding a possible increase in the duty to be charged on the export of horses from Bushire by British merchants, including a petition from the Bushire merchants, and correspondence from Hajee Mirza Aghasee [Haji Mirza ‘Abbas Aghasi], Prime Minister [Sadr-i A’zam] of Persia [Iran] and Mirza Hadayut Allah [Mirza Hidayat Allah], Moostowfaa [Mustawfi] of the Governor of FarsThe sanctioning of the payment required for a grant in perpetuity of the ground occupied as an English burial place at KarrackThe need for a new coating of mud on all the roofs of the Residency buildings at Bushire, and an estimate of the expenses this will incur.As well as those already mentioned, the main correspondents are: Moollah Houssin [Mullah Husayn], Native Agent at Shargah [Sharjah]; Heskeal Bin Yusoof [Hizqial bin Yusuf], Acting Native Agent at Muscat; and Lieutenant-Colonel Justin Sheil, Her Majesty’s Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary at the Court of Persia.The item contains a table of contents (ff 593-598), and the title page (f 592) contains the following references: ‘P C [Previous Communication] 49501, D/t 7557, Collection No. 1 of No. 44’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’. The item was originally divided into two parts, and the title page of the second part (f 694) contains the following reference: ‘P C [Previous Communication] 49501, Vol. 2, Collection No. 1 of No. 54’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 592 and terminates at f 700, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.
9. ‘WAR DIARY. ARMY HEADQUARTERS, INDIA. […] I.E.F. “D”. Volume 4. (November 26th to December 9th, 1914).’
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains a chronological list of brief summaries of papers relating to the activities of the Indian Expeditionary Force D between 26 November and 9 December 1914. This is accompanied by appendices containing copies and extracts of these papers, which include: correspondence; telegrams; reports; orders; despatches; and instructions.A summary of the contents of this volume is pasted on the leading flyleaf, under the subtitle ‘Advance to Qurneh [Al Qurnah]’:‘Reconnaissance to Qurneh’‘17th Brigade disembarked completed 6th December’‘Sanction of Secretary of State to occupation of Qurneh sent to Force D’‘Telegraphic communication completed to Basrah’ ‘Force landed below Qurneh’‘Action as [at] Mazaira’ah [Al Muzayra‘ah, also written as Muzaira’ah, as quoted below]’‘Camels of Force “D” ordered back to India’‘2nd Action at Muzaira’ah’‘3rd Action at Muzaira’ah’‘Occupation of Qurneh’‘Surrender of Turkish [Ottoman] Troops’.The file also contains mentions of the reluctance of some of the Muslim soldiers to fight in a country containing sacred sites.A summary of contents for the previous volumes is pasted on the inside front cover.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 45; these numbers are printed, and are located in the bottom centre of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.Dimensions: 21x33cm
10. ‘Muscat. Intelligence – Vol: 29’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, resolutions, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2203/108134. The correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Heskeal bin Yusoof [Ḥizqīl bin Yūsuf], Acting British Agent at Muscat. It is the twenty-ninth in a series of thirty items.The item concerns:The movements of Syud Thooenee [Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd], the Governor of MuscatThe presence of troops from Muscat at Guadel Fort [Gwadar]The capture of Ahmed Dad Kurreem [Aḥmad Dād Karīm], accused of plundering a boat, killing some of its crew, and setting it on fireAn accidental shooting of an inhabitant of Mutrah [Matrah].The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 700/47, Collection No 18 of No 69’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 797, and terminates at f 805 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
11. Intelligence Forwarded by Sir Alexander Burnes Relating to Progress of the British Invasion of Afghanistan (First Anglo-Afghan War, 1839-1842)
- Description:
- Abstract: Copies of intelligence despatches from Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Alexander Burnes, Envoy to Kelat [Kalat, also spelled Khelat in this volume], to William Hay Macnaghten, Envoy and Minister at Shah Shoojah’s Camp [Shah Shuja ul-Mulk], (copied to John Pollard Willoughby, Secretary to the Government, Bombay [Mumbai]).The intelligence chiefly covers:Burnes’s negotiations with the Khan of Kelat, with regard to the latter facilitating the progress of the British Army of the Indus and its protection through his territory into Afghanistan, notably through the Bolan Pass; the Khan’s attitude towards Shah Shoojah; conditions of his agreement to co-operate with the British; and the subsidy to be paid to him by the BritishThe situation in Candahar [Kandahar] and the overtures and veiled threats sent by Burnes to Sirdar Ruhm Dil Khan [Ruhim Dil Khan], the moollahs [mullahs] and authorities in Candahar, advising them to support the British advance into Afghanistan and Shah ShoojahOvertures and veiled threats sent by Burnes to the tribal leaders and inhabitants of Pisheen [Pishin] advising them to support the British advanceThe likelihood of Persia [Iran] and Russia aiding Dost Mohammed [Dōst Moḥammad Khān, Bārakzay] against Shah Shoojah and the BritishThe difficult terrain and problems with the supply of grain, forage and water for the Army of the Indus.The item also includes a copy of the ‘News letter’ 12 April 1839, conveying intelligence on affairs in Lahore, Peshawur [Peshawar], Scinde [Sindh], Candahar, Khelat, Herat, Ava, the Army of the Indus, Nipal [Nepal], and Bushire [Būshehr] (ff 137-142).Physical description: The papers are not in chronological order.
12. Persian Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 47 of 1856, dated 25 June 1856. The enclosures are dated 22 April-13 May 1856.The enclosures comprise copies of despatches sent by Richard W Stevens, HM Consul in Tehran, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, copies of which are forwarded for the information of the Government of Bombay and the Government of India. The despatches chiefly relate to the Persian [Iranian] military campaign against Herat, notably:Intelligence that the Persian Army of Prince Sultan Moorad Meerza [Prince Sulṭān Murād Mīrzā] defeated the Heratees in a battle at Ghorian [Ghurian] which is now garrisoned by the Persian ArmyThe apparent plan of the Shah [Shāh] of Persia to also conquer Kandahar [also spelled Candahar in this item] where there is purported opposition to Dost Mahomed Khan [Dūst Muḥammad Khān Bārakzāy], and the order of a detachment of Persian troops to Kandahar via Seistan [Sistan]Unverified intelligence received from the news-writer at Meshed [Mashhad] that the brother of the Ruler of Herat, Mahommed Youssuf [Muḥammad Yūsuf], and Essau Khan [ʻĪsá Khān], the anti-Persian vizier of Herat, have arranged terms of surrender with Sultan Moorad MeerzaIntelligence received from an Italian officer (ff 395-396) whose brother is attached to the Persian Army of Herat, alleging: Essau Khan’s defection to the Persians; the surrender of Herat due to scarcity of provisions; the garrisoning of Herat on the orders of the Shah; the poor condition of the Persian Army; and the agreement of the Heratees to all of Persia’s terms apart from the permanent occupation of Herat. (The copy of the original intelligence is in Italian, with an English translation. A duplicate of the Italian letter and translation is in IOR/L/PS/5/487, ff 426-436, ff 430-432)Intelligence brought to Tehran by the post-master of Semnaan [Semnan] claiming that Persian regular troops had entered Herat, the postponement of celebrations in Tehran following reports that the news was false, and punishment of the messengerReports in Tehran that Essau Khan in fact discovered Mahommed Youssuf in secret talks with the Persian Commander, ousted him in a coup, expelled him to the Persian camp ironically offering him as peeshkesh [peshkash, a fine or a present to the ruling authority on receiving an appointment or assignment of revenue], and did not surrender to the Persians.The item also covers the following matters:Russia’s expression of friendship for Persia by withdrawal of protection to the family of a Russian subject who died in Persia last year owing the Persian Government half a million tomansThe Persian prime minister’s intention to spread anti-English propaganda, in Bokhara [Bukhara], Khiva and Afghanistan, following the Ottoman Sultan’s firman placing his ‘non-Mussulman’ [non-Muslim] subjects on equal footing with ‘Mahommedans’ [Muslims] (referring to the Treaty of Paris March 1856 in which an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, Great Britain, France and Sardinia ended the Crimean War with Russia)Intelligence from Asterabad [Gorgan] of the murder of the Khan of Khiva by a group of Turcomans [Turkmen] of the Yamoot [Yomut] tribe, and fighting between Yamoots and Yoozbegs [Uzbeks] potentially leaving Khiva vulnerable to Russian ‘designs’The circulation in Tehran of an article originally printed by a Persian-language newspaper in Bombay [Mumbai], and Stevens’s assertion that only a complete retraction by the Persian Government of the ‘unfounded accusations’ and ‘calumnious statement’ contained in it will repair the ‘injurious effect’ (f 387) on Britain’s image.Physical description: 1 item (16 folios)
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