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1. 'APPROXIMATE BOUNDARIES OF JOWASIM TRIBE AND PART BINI YAS TERRITORIES.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This sketch map shows the boundaries of the Jowasim [Qawasim] tribe and part of the territories of the Bini Yas [Bani Yas] tribe in the Trucial Coast.The map shows the Trucial Coast's main settlements, the island of Tunb, and parts of Mascat [the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman].The various territories are delineated either by dotted lines edged in different colours, or by dotted lines enclosing territory filled in with a single colour. The colour coding of the various territories is also explained in a key in the bottom right hand corner of the map. A note beneath the map summarises the main purpose and divisions of the map, and states that a certain area jointly owned by the rulers of Ras-al Khaimah and Kalba is also marked in red.Physical description: Materials: printed on paper.Dimensions: 335 x 400mm
2. ‘Persian Gulf. Aboothabee – Seizure of a Bateela’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, extracts from Bombay [Mumbai] Political Consultations. The papers contained in this item are partial enclosures to a Political Letter sent from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 10 June 1845. A copy of this Political Letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2122/100076, alongside details of further enclosures.The item relates to tension between the Chaab [Banū Ka‘b] tribe and the Beniyas [Banī Yās] tribe. Commodore John Croft Hawkins, Commander of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf, informs Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf, that he recently prevented Beniyas subjects from stealing a Chaab bugla [baggalah], which they said was in retaliation for the seizure of one of their ships by Shaik Faris [Shaikh Fāris bin Ghayth], Acting Governor of Chaab, in early 1845. Concerned that this dispute may develop into warfare, Hennell wishes to pass on a firman from the Shah of Persia [Iran] and letter from the Prime Minister [of Persia], both of which instruct Sooleyman Khan, the Persian Sirteep at Mohumrah [Sulaymān Khān, Sartīp at Khorramshahr], to facilitate the restitution of the Beniyas vessel. Hennell instructs Hawkins to send the Company ship, Constance, to Bussorah [Basra] to deliver the letter and firman and, if their instructions are accepted, superintend the return of the Beniyas vessel to Bussorah. Hennell also requests Major Rawlinson, Political Agent in Turkish Arabia, to permit Parseigh Johannes, Native Agent at Bussorah, to assist the crew of the Constancewith this task.Correspondents: Hennell; Hawkins; the Government of Bombay; and Justin Sheil, HM Minister at the Court of Persia.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 5061, Draft 29/46, Coll[ection] 23, Vol: 2’, ‘Collection No. 1 of No. 62’ and ‘Examiner's Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 451, and terminates at f 461, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
3. 'Vol: IV. Persian Gulph [Gulf]'
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence, minutes and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, Extracts of Bombay Political Consultations from the Government of Bombay. The item is concerned with multiple issues pertaining to the political situation in the Persian Gulf. The two main topics of discussion in the item are:An expedition against Bahrein [Bahrain] by the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat and the possible involvement of Shaik Tahnoon [Ṭaḥnūn bin Shakhbūṭ Āl Nahyān], Chief of Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], and Shaik Sooltan bin Suggar [Shaikh Sulṭān bin Ṣaqr Āl Qāsimī], Ruler of Sharjah. Samuel Hennell, Assistant Resident in the Persian Gulf, requests that the East India Company’s cruiser Antelopebe sent to Muscat in order to transmit the most up-to-date information.Acts of 'piracy' lately committed in the neighbourhood of Bahrein by two boats manned by individuals from the Bunyas [Bani Yas] and Monasir [al-Manāṣīr] tribes. Hennell instructs the Company ships Nautilusand Amherstto proceed to Bahrein and the Persian Coast to conduct inquiries and dispatches the Cooke to Aboothabee.The item also refers to:Research by Major David Wilson, Resident in the Persian Gulf, on various stations suitable for establishing the Residency if it needs to be removed from Bushire [Būshehr], with the island of Kharruck [Jazīreh-ye Khārk] highlighted as the most suitableDiscussions of numerous policies applicable to the Residency at Bushire, including the punishment of alleged pirates, refraining from interference in local disputes, presents for local chieftains, and intercourse with the Prince of Shiraz and other local authorities in PersiaDiscussions of the Resident's expenses and proposals to abolish the position of Assistant to the Resident and the positions of two Native AgentsPetitions and reports relating to alleged acts of piracy and ill treatment.The main correspondents are John Bax, Secretary to the Government of Bombay, the Resident in the Persian Gulf, and the Assistant Resident in the Persian Gulf. Other correspondents include numerous officers within the Government of Bombay and the rulers of Muscat, Bahrein, Aboothabee and Sharjah.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'P.C. [Previous Communication] 783, Draft 477, 1829/30' and 'Examiner's Office 1830'.Physical description: The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the item. The item also features a Contents page (f 6) noting ‘Page’, ‘Date’, ‘From’, ‘To’ and ‘Date of Consultation’.
4. 'Vol: 1. Affairs of the Persian Gulf'
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence, minutes and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the East India Company Court of Directors and the governments of Bombay [Mumbai] and India. It is the first in a series of two items on general affairs in the Persian Gulf (the other is IOR/F/4/1596/64626), with some of the enclosures to the political letters contained in the second item.As well as the above, principal correspondents include: Samuel Hennell, Assistant Resident (also called the Acting Resident) in the Persian Gulf; Thomas Elivon, Commodore in the Persian Gulf; Captain John Pepper, Commander of the Amherst; and the Native Agents at Shargah [Sharjah], Lingah [Bandar-e Lengeh], Bahrein [Bahrain], and Muscat.The item covers several subjects. The majority of the item relates to acts of 'piracy' committed by inhabitants of Debaye [Dubai] and Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], including details of:The measures taken by Hennell to force the Chiefs of Debaye, Obed bin Saeed ['Ubayd bin Sa'īd Āl Bū Falāsah] and Mukhtoom bin Bustey [Maktūm I bin Buṭṭī Āl Bū Falāsah] to give up the offenders and pay compensationThe 'piracy' committed by a fleet from Aboothabee on a number of different vessels including the Duriah Dowlut[Daryā Dawlat], a ship from Bombay flying under English coloursThe engagements undertaken by Company ships, notably the Amherstand the Elphinstone, to suppress the 'pirates' and exact compensation from Shaik Khuleefa bin Shackboot, Chief of Aboothabee and the Benyas [Shaikh Khalīfah bin Shakhbūṭ Āl Nahyān, Ruler of Abu Dhabi and of the Beni Yas]The compensation agreed on by Shaik Khuleefa after being threatened with the destruction of the Benyas' forts, boats and the blockade of their ports; details of which can be found at ff 266-267The subsequent trials of the 'pirate chiefs' Mohummud bin Suggur bin Zeb [Muḥammad bin Ṣaqr bin Dhīb] and Mohumed bin Mirhud [Muḥammad bin Rāshid ?] at Bombay, including a detailed report by the Advocate General on the latter's trial which can be found at ff 345-354.To a lesser extent, the item also contains information on:An attack on a boat belonging to Kasaab [Khaṣab] by people from Juzeerat ool Humra [Al Jazīrah al Ḩamrā’] and a request by the Shaik of Kishm [Qeshm] for the British to interveneAn attack on Soweek [As Suwayq] by Shaik Humood bin Azan [Shaikh Ḥamūd bin Azan Āl Bū Sa‘īd] during the Imam of Muscat's absence, including Hennell's concerns about the retaliations ordered by the Imam's son and nephew who have been left in charge as governors of MuscatA six-month truce arranged by Hennell between: Obed bin Saeed; Shaik Shakboot (the father of Shaik Khuleefa); Sultan bin Suggur [Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī, Ruler of Ra's al Khaymah and Sharjah] and Rashid bin Humeed [Rāshid I bin Ḥumayd al-Na'īmī], Shaikh of Ojman [Ajman], the terms of which can be found at ff 263-264Events at Bushire relating to claims on the governorship by Shaikh Nasir [Shaikh Nāṣir II Āl Mazkūr], who is supported by the chiefs of Brazgoon [Borāzjān], Shubunkrah [Shabānkāreh] and Rohilla [Rūd Ḥillah]A request from the Prince-Governor of Shiraz for the British to help capture the fugitive sons of the late Prince of Shiraz.Other matters briefly referred to include:Claims for salvage of the Duriah Dowlutby the crew of the AmherstThe communication chain between the Resident in the Persian Gulf and the Government of BombayMinor updates on events at Bahrein regarding control over Katif [Al-Qatif].The political letters sent between the Government of Bombay and the Court of Directors also briefly touch on a number of other minor topics, mostly relating to expenses, 'piracy', and the Company policy of non-interference in the Gulf.There are multiple variant spellings of multiple people and place names. In particular, the 'pirate' Mohumed bin Mirhud's name is also written as: bin Murghad; Mujhud; Meeshad; Meerjud; Misheed; Meshud; Mishud; Mujhid; Mijhid; Mujhed; Muhad; Mulah; Mujheed; and Meshid. A later correction in pencil reveals that this name should in fact be 'Rashid'.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department', 'P.C. [Previous Communication] 1944, Draft 432, 1837' and 'Examiner's Office'.Physical description: The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the item. The item also contains a table of contents (ff 5-9), noting ‘Page’, ‘Date’, ‘From’, ‘To’ and ‘Date of Consultation’.
5. ‘Affairs of the Persian Gulph’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence, minutes and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai], the Government of Fort William [Government of India], and the Court of Directors of the East India Company.The item touches on multiple subjects relating to the Gulf, namely:The advancement of the Wahabees [Wahabi] into the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat's territory and the question of whether the British should interveneThe murder of the Wahabee Chief, Torkee bin Saood [Turki bin Abdullāh bin Muḥammad Āl Sa‘ūd], by his nephew and subsequent actions undertaken by his son, Fysul [Amir Fayṣal bin Turki bin Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd], at Riaz [Riyadh], Lassa (or Lahsah) [Al Hufuf] and Kateef [Al-Qatif]Troubles in Oman during the Imaum's absence, including a rebellion by Hamood bin Azam [Ḥamūd bin Azan Āl Bū Sa‘īd], and the question of whether the British should interveneReports of hostilities between Joasmee [al-Qawāsim] and Buniyas [Bani Yas] tribes, including a blockade at Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], and instances of 'piracy' against ships not connected to the feuding partiesUpdates on a dispute regarding goods currently held at Bunder Abbas [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] which had been taken from the merchant ship Prinsepwhich ran aground near Lark [Larak] islandThe appointment of Prince Timoor Mirza [Timūr Mīrzā Qājār] as Governor of BushireThe purchase of a fly schooner by Jummal Khan (also written as Jumal Khan Bushiree) from the Resident in the Persian Gulf during Jummal Khan's occupation of Bushire [Būshehr] and the question of whether the money should be returned to Jummal Khan or given to the Prince of Fars.Correspondents include: the Government of Bombay; the Government of Fort William; the Court of Directors; David Anderson Blane, Resident in the Persian Gulf; Samuel Hennell, Assistant Resident in the Persian Gulf; Mohamed Abdool Azeez [Muḥammad ‘Abd al-‘Azīz] the Wahabee Agent in Brymee [Al Buraymī]; the British [Native] Agent at Bahrein [Bahrain]; Moolah Houssein [Mūllah Ḥusayn], [Native] Agent at Shargah [Sharjah]; Hajee Saleh [Hajii Ṣāliḥ], [Native] Agent at Lingah [Bandar-e Lengeh]; Shaik Sultan bin Suggur [Shaikh Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī, Ruler of Ra's al Khaymah and Sharjah]; Shaik Khuleefa [Shaikh Khalifa bin Shakhbut Āl Nahyān] and Shaik Sultan bin Shaikboot [Shaikh Sulṭān bin Shakhbut Āl Nahyān], Rulers of Aboothabee; and William Cobb Hurry, merchant.Multiple personal and place names have different spellings throughout the item.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'P.C. [Previous Communication] 1593, Draft 648, 1835’, ‘India Political Department’ and 'Examiner's Office'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 273 and terminates at f 386, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
6. ‘File XXVIII/9 Internal Politics and Relations with Oman Sohar, Sharaqiah, Nizwa and Baraimi News. 1925 to 1931.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence in the form of reports, letters and translated letters related to political affairs in Oman. The correspondence is mainly concerned with the news of Ibn Sa'ud’s probable attempt to take over the al-Buraimi region in north-west Oman and the arrangement of the shaikhs of Trucial Oman and Shaikh ‘Isa bin Salih al-Harthi on behalf of the Imam of Oman to militarily unite against Ibn Sa'ud. To discuss the matter, members of the Bani Yas tribe from Dubai visit Shaikh ‘Isa bin Salih in his home town al-Qabil (mistakenly referred to in the file as Kabul).The Political Agent at Muscat reports to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Bushire, on internal affairs taking place in various towns that belong to the regions of al-Dhahira, al-Dakhiliyya and al-Sharqiyya of Oman. He also reports on clashes between the two main Omani factions, the Hanawi and the Ghafiri, and the role played by Shaikh ‘Isa bin Salih al-Harthi to settle the cases, reportedly in order to unite various Omani tribes against Ibn Sa'ud.The file also includes news of the areas of Al-'Ainain, 'Ibri and Yanqul falling under the influence of Shaikh ‘Isa bin Salih, and news of the murder of some local Omani shaikhs and the names of those who took over their positions.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 91; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-90; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
7. 'Henjam. Position and Rights of His Majesty's Government in the Island of Henjam. The Sheikh of Henjam and his Affairs'
- Description:
- Abstract: Memorandum providing an overview of the British connection with the island of Henjam.Covering:introduction to the location of Basidu [Bāsa‘īdū] and its strategic importance; use of the island by the British; the Beni Yas tribe inhabitants;international status of Henjam – Persian and Muscat claims;the British Telegraph Concession at Henjam - a history from 1868 – and the use of the location as a base for naval authorities and as a coaling station;1926-8: reassertion of Persian claims – customs; enquiry by the Persian Government as to the right of property of His Majesty's Government in Basidu and Henjam; the expulsion of the Shaikh of Henjam in May 1928; and consideration of action to be taken at Henjam in the event of Persian aggression under the Telegraph Concession;relations between the Sheikh [Shaikh] of Henjam and Persia: 1904-28 – friction between Persian officials and the Arab inhabitants, and the expulsion and return of the Shaikh.It includes a summary detailing the position and legal rights of His Majesty's Government in Henjam, and the desirability to maintain the connection. In addition, a list of points referred to the Persian Gulf Sub-Committee, and the views expressed by the Government of India are given.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 60, and terminates at f 63, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
8. Book 88: Letters Outwards
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of letters sent outwards from the British Residency in the Persian Gulf; most of the letters have been penned by Samuel Hennell (Assistant Resident), followed by James Morrison (newly appointed Resident), and Thomas Mackenzie (Civil Surgeon). This correspondence is predominantly addressed to the following: Charles Norris, Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay (Political Department); Thomas Elwon, Commodore of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf; and William Hay Macnaghten, Chief Secretary to the Government of India, at Fort William, Calcutta (Political Department).Some subjects briefly discussed include the replacement of the Governor of Bushire, Mirza Ally Khan [Mīrzā ‘Alī Khān], with Shaikh Nasir [Shaykh Nāṣir], which was achieved with the assistance of the Chief of Koweit [Kuwait]. The file also covers the increasing popularity of Humood ben Azan, Chief of Sohar [Ṣuḥār], and the corresponding decline in the authority of Muscat; the Chief of Sohar had formerly been a subject of the Imam of Muscat, Sa‘īd bin Sultān Āl Sa‘īd. The Imam called in the 'Maritime Arabs' to provide assistance with dealing with the Chief of Sohar, and the correspondence therefore discusses the Assistant Resident's fears that this could lead to an outbreak of general piracy and lawlessness.Another political matter that gets some attention is a contest over Katif [Al-Qaṭīf] between Fasil ben Turki [Faisal bin Turki bin Abdullah Āl Sa‘ūd], Wahabee [Wahhabi] Chief, and Shaikh Abdoola bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah], Chief of Bharein [Bahrain]. The defeat and capture of ‘Alī Mirzā, Prince of Shiraz, by the troops of Mahomed Shah [Muḥammad Shāh Qājār] is also briefly mentioned.The topic that gets the most attention is an 'outbreak of piracy' instigated by the Beniyas [Bani Yas] tribe under their Chief, Shaikh Khuleefa ben Shackboot [Khalīfah bin Shakhbūṭ] of Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], and their subsequent suppression via British naval power. It therefore covers the process of establishing restitution payments for the Beniyas's 'acts of piracy', and subsequent measures taken by the British to enforce the Chief's compliance.Some letters in the file attempt to draw the attention of the Government of Bombay to the poor state of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf; the Resident considers the resources available to be inadequate for the duties required of the force. It therefore contains the Resident's recommendations to the Government concerning the number and types of ships that should be stationed in the Gulf.The file contains the following notable enclosures:Memorandum of the property and cash plundered by the subjects of Shaikh Khuleefa ben Shackboot of Aboothabee, the restitution of which is required by that Chief, dated 14 January 1835 (see f 5).List of the vessels plundered by the Joasmee [Qāsimī] and Beniyas tribes when cruising against Sohar on the coast of Batinah [Al-Bāṭinah] as allies of the Imam of Muscat, dated 27 February 1835 (see f 19v).List of demands to be made on the Chief of Aboothabee in compensation for the 'outrages' committed by the Beniyas on the 'peaceable Arabs' of the Persian Gulf, dated 27 April 1835 (see f 39v).General statement of the vessels 'detained or piratically' seized by the Beniyas tribe and subsequently recovered by the Persian Gulf Squadron, dated 21 May 1835 (see f 48).Translation of a truce agreed by the Arabian Chiefs for a period of six months, dated 21 May 1835 (see ff 51v-52).Statement of the cash and property received from the Beniyas together with detail of disbursements, dated 5 July 1835 (see ff 55v-56).Sketch of naval means estimated as required for the efficient discharge of the duties of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf, dated 16 December 1835 (see ff 85v-86).The content has undergone a degree of weeding as indicated by the gaps in the original pagination, and some content is therefore missing as a result. In addition, some letters are only present as fragments (i.e. only the beginning, or the end of certain letters can be found within).Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the cover and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The file contains the following foliation corrections; 1, and 1A.Pagination: An original pagination sequence is also present in the file; this sequence is written in ink, and the numbers are located in the top outermost corner of each page. There are gaps in the pagination indicating that the file has undergone a degree of weeding.
9. Vol 80: Translation Book 1833 (Native Letters Inward)
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume consists of translations and substances of letters (in Arabic and Persian) sent to the British Resident in the Persian Gulf; the volume consists of translations only, so no originals can be found within. This correspondence is primarily from the Resident's native agents stationed throughout the Gulf at Bahrein [Bahrain], Lingah [Bandar-e-Lengeh], Muscat, Shargah [Sharjah], and Shiraz. It also contains translations of correspondence received from various rulers across the region; such as Shaikh Sultan bin Suggur [Sulṭān bin Saqr], Chief of the Joasmees [Āl Qāsimī]; and the Imam of Muscat, Sa‘īd bin Sultān Āl Sa‘īd. Primarily the subject matter consists of updates on recent events in Nejde [Najd], Oman, and Persia.More specifically for Persia, this includes political disturbances related to the declining authority of Fat′h Ali Shah Qajar, and military preparations at Shiraz for a contest over the succession between Ḥusayn ‘Alī Mirzā (Governor of Fars) and his brother the Prince Royal, Abbas Mirza [‘Abbās Mīrzā]; interrupted by the death of the latter. Reports on the movements of key figures, and outbreaks of disease are also common.The extension of Wahabee [Wahhabi] power over Oman, and their conflict with Bahrein is also covered. The Wahabee are attempting to reduce the Shaikhs of Bahrein to submission, along with the rest of Oman; other efforts to resist the Wahabees are also mentioned (such as those of the Imam of Muscat), as are repeat outbreaks of war between the Joasmee and Beniyas tribes; on both land and sea. The events surrounding the murder and usurpation of Shaikh Tahnoon [Ṭaḥnūn bin Shakhbūṭ Āl Nahyān], Chief of the Beniyas [Bani Yas], by his brothers, Khuleefa bin Shakeboot [Khalīfah bin Shakhbūṭ Āl Nahyān] and Sultan bin Shakeboot [Sulṭān bin Shakhbūṭ Āl Nahyān], are also covered.Incidents of piracy and efforts to affect the restitution of plundered property are reported on, as is the conveyance of correspondence, and packets throughout the region.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the title page and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The volume contains the following foliation corrections; 1, and 1A.Pagination: An original pagination sequence with gaps is present in the file between ff 3-122; these numbers are written in ink, and are located in the top outermost corners of each page. Some numbers have been lost as a result of damage to the corners of the folios.
10. Vol 87: Translation Book, 1834 (Native Letters Inward)
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume consists of substances of, and translations of native letters (i.e. correspondence in Arabic or Persian) sent to the British Resident in the Persian Gulf. The majority of these are from various native agents serving the British in the Gulf at Bahrein [Bahrain], Lingah [Bandar-e-Lengeh], Muscat, and Sharjah respectively. They provide updates on the local political situation; relay local news; report incidents of, enquiries into, and restitution for acts of piracy; and forward any intelligence that the agents perceive to be of interest to the Resident. It also includes incidents where the agents report ill treatment at the hands of local subjects, or the local authorities.Also included are communications from local rulers in the Gulf region. These are much less common, but include communications from Shaikh Abdollah bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah], Chief of Bahrein; Sultan ben Sugger [Sulṭān bin Saqr], Chief of the Joasmees [Qawāsim]; and Shaikh Khuleefa ben Shakboot [Khalīfah bin Shakhbūṭ], Chief of the Beniyas [Bani Yas].Some specific topics covered include a war between the Wahabees [Wahhabis] and Bahrein; a dispute between Humood bin Azan, Chief of Sohar [Ṣuḥār], and the Governors of Muscat; and political instability in Persia following the death of Fatḥ ‘Alī Shāh Qājār (such as Ḥusayn ‘Alī Mirzā's declaring himself King of Shiraz). The murder of Shaikh Toorky bin Saood [Turki bin Sa‘ūd], Wahabee Chief, is also reported within.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The file contains the following foliation corrections; 14, and 14A.Pagination: The file also contains an original pagination sequence; these numbers are written in ink between ff 3-135, and are located in the top outermost corners of each page.
11. Letters outward
- Description:
- Abstract: This file consists of letters written by David Anderson Blane, Resident in the Persian Gulf, Bushire, during the first seven months of 1834. The incomplete pagination sequence (see the 'Physical Characteristics' field of this catalogue) reflects the fact that these letters have been selected from a larger collection of letters. As a result of this arrangement, several folios in the file (the recto of the first folio included, which is not a letter but an incomplete summary of letters dating from 1833) contain incomplete letters, all of which have had large crosses drawn across them in blue crayon. These letters remain legible, although they are, to varying degrees, incomplete.Most of the letters in the file are addressed to Charles Norris, Chief Secretary to the Government, Bombay. These letters (eight in total) concern the following subjects:The progress of a feud between the Joasmee [Āl Qāsimī] tribe and the Beniyas [Bani Yas] tribe;The possible consequences of an extension of the Wahabee [Wahabi] sect's authority throughout the region;The death of the Wahabee Chief, Toorkee bin Saood [Turki bin Abdullah bin Muhammad Āl Sa‘ūd, founder of the Second Saudi State], and the impact that this is likely to have on the Wahabee state's ambitions in the region;Imports and exports at the port of Bushire for the year 1833/1834;Disturbances within the the territories of His Highness the Imam of Muscat [Sa‘īd bin Sultān Āl Sa‘īd], and the British Government's intention (expressed in an enclosed draft of a letter to the Acting Governor of Muscat) to observe a strict neutrality in any misunderstandings which may arise between His Highness the Imam and the tribes of Arabia.In addition, the file includes letters addressed to the following recipients: John Wedderburn, Accountant General, Bombay; John Bax, Secretary to the Government, Bombay; and Sir John Campbell, Envoy to the Court of Persia, Tehran. The letters to John Wedderburn concern accounts; the letters to Sir John Campbell report the transmission of official and unofficial letters. In his letter to John Bax (see ff.6v-8), David Anderson Blane refers to a letter from the Court of Directors, which concerned the suppression of piracy in the Gulf; he argues that any attempts by the British to engage with the various tribes on the shores of the Gulf, either by treaties or by other measures, are likely to involve the British in the tribes' own petty feuds and quarrels, without any adequate advantage.Physical description: Pagination: There is an original, albeit incomplete, pagination sequence, which is written in ink, in the top right corners of the rectos and in the top left corners of the versos. It is clear from this incomplete sequence that the letters in this file have been selected from a larger collection of letters. The sequence runs as follows: pp.11-20; pp.31-36; pp.89-94; pp.109-112; pp.127-134; pp.143-146.Foliation: There is a complete foliation sequence, which is written in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. It begins on the first folio of writing, on number 1, and ends on the last folio of writing, on number 19.