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13. Letters from William Digges Latouche to the Court of Directors
- Description:
- Abstract: A letter from William Digges Latouche, Resident at Bussora [Basra], to the Court of Directors for Affairs of the United Company of Merchants of England trading to the East Indies [East India Company], dated 20 July 1781. Subjects covered include:The movements of ships and British travellers towards India via BussoraThe movements of French ‘privateers’, including the capture of a Muscat shipThe sale of woollens in Bussora.Attached to the letter is the first part of another letter from Latouche to the Court of Directors, dated 12 October 1781, covering the movements of French ‘privateers’. The second part of this letter is catalogued IOR/L/PS/9/76/18 and the third part as IOR/L/PS/9/76/16.Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
14. Letters and Enclosures etc., Received from Gombroon
- Description:
- Abstract: Two volumes in one slipcase containing a collection of letters and enclosures dispatched from Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbas] Factory to ‘the Court of Directors for affairs of the United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies’. Almost every letter includes the date it was received overland via Aleppo and Marseilles. At some point these letters were assigned numbers from 2386 to 2486, in red (turned to purplish) ink. Any missing numbers in between indicate that the letter is missing. The letters cover a variety of issues and topics including:Accounts received from the East India Company (EIC)’s Factories at Spahaun [Esfahan, also written as Spahaune] and Carmenia [Kerman also written as Carmania], and checked at GombroonRecords of rogoms[raqams or ruqums: royal grants confirming specific trading privileges], and talligaws[ta‘liqas: official orders] granted or to be granted to the EIC’s establishments in Persia [Iran]. Examples of authentic translated copies of rogomscan be found in folios 25, 28, 89, 182 and 188Records of the EIC’s servants in Persia covering their names, stations, positions, date of commencing in the service, salaries, death, misbehaviours, complaints, and investigationsProposal to settle a Factory at Mushat [Mashhad]The activities of local Arab, Armenian, Ballooches [Baluch] and Persian merchants in the regionRecords of Dutch, French, Portuguese and Russian [written as muscovite] activities in the regionThe status of the wool trade at CarmeniaLists of woollen goods proper for Persian marketLists of commodities traded with including: broadcloth, sugar candy, spices, copper, iron, cotton, nuts, dates, coffee, silk, and riceThe rebellion of the Arabs and the agwaans [Afghans?] led by ‘the noted pyrate’ Shaik Ahmud Medannah [Shaikh Aḥmad Madanī, also written as Medanna]The Ophgoon [Afghan]-Persian warsThe Persian-Ottoman [Turks] warsBritish-Persian relationsBritish-Ottoman relationsDispute between the Arabs and the Bashaw of Bussorah [Pāshā of Basra]Reports of the Arabs plundering British shipsRecords of the accession of, three months old, Abbas III after the imprisonment of his father by Tahmasp Qoli Khan [Ṭahmāsb Qulī Khān, i.e. Nādir Shāh, Shāh of Persia 1732-1747]Dutch seizing the vessels of Shaik Russhett [Shaikh Rāshid al-Qāsimī, also written as Rachid] at Bassidore [Basidu, also written as Bassidoore]Persian navy assisting the Hoveyza Arabs [Huwayza Arabs of Khuzistan, also written as Havizah] in their siege of BussorahNews of the Hoola [Hawala/ Huwala] Arabs revolting against the PersianThe Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, also written as Muscatt] asking for Persian help against his rebellious subjectsNādir Shāh claiming himself the master of Muscat and Julfar [also written as Julphar]Nādir Shāh's invasion of the Mogull Empire [Mughal]Detailed accounts of the state of affairs and inland military operations in a number of provinces in Persia and the names of local governors and generals involved.The volumes contain records of letters from the Resident at Bussorah covering: the relations with Ottoman officials, letters from the British Consul at Aleppo, the state of affairs in the region, and the status of the EIC’s trade at Bussorah.The volumes include detailed reports of the state of the Company’s trade in Persia covering the following: shipping; goods from Europe or India; investments; the Factory’s accounts and charges; customs and revenues; the trade in Persia in general and any transactions with the Persian Government; buildings and fortifications; and the EIC’s covenant servants, soldiers, and their accounts.The volumes also include lists recording the arrival and departure of ships, their names, staff, tons, guns, from where, when sailed, and where bound. Among the recorded ships are the Victoria, the Success, the Tellicherry, the Fame, the Prince George, the Queen Carolina, the Britannia[also written as Brittania], the Drake, the Robert, the Prince of Wales, the Richmond, the Jenny, and the Wilmington. Ships sailed mainly to and from Gombroon, Bombay [Mumbai], Surat [also written as Suratt], Bengall [Bengal], Bassidore, Bussorah, Boucheir [Bushehr], Mocha, Mallabar Coast [Malabar], Madrass [Madras, i.e. Chennai], Muscat, and China.The volumes include some duplications, and some faded letters/enclosures.Physical description: Foliation: This file consists of two physical volumes. The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at f 1 of volume one (ff 1-153) and terminates at f 284 of volume two (ff 154-284); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
15. Letters and Enclosures etc., Received from Gombroon
- Description:
- Abstract: Two volumes containing a collection of letters and enclosures dispatched from Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbas, also written as Gomroon] Factory to ‘the Court of Directors for affairs of the United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies’. Almost every letter includes the date it was received overland, and the name of the ship it was received from. At some point these letters were assigned numbers from 2287 to 2385, in red (turned to purplish) ink. Any missing numbers in between indicate that the letter is missing. The letters cover a variety of issues and topics including:Reports on the activities of local Arab, Armenian, Ballooches [Baluch] and Persian [Iranian] merchants in the regionRecords of rogoms [raqams or ruqums, also written as rogomms: royal grants confirming specific trading privileges], and talligaws [ta‘liqa/ta‘lika: official order] granted or to be granted to the East India Company’s (EIC) establishments in Persia [Iran]The status of the wool trade at Carmenia [Kerman, also written as Carmania]Names of commodities traded with including: broadcloth, sugar candy, spices, copper, iron, cotton, coffee, wine, silk, pearl, wool, and riceRecords of the EIC’s servants in Persia covering their names, job titles, salaries, death, misbehaviours, complaints, and investigationsAccounts of Dutch, French, Portuguese and Russian [written as muscovite] activities in the regionAccounts of the Ophgoon [Afghan]-Persian war, covering details of the Ophgoons’ siege of Spahaun [Esfahan, also written as Spahaune] and Shyrash [Shiraz, also written as Shyrass], and their execution of members of the Safavid royal family, and state officialsRecords of famine, cannibalism and plague in PersiaAccounts from Spahaun and Carmenia factories, checked at GombroonGifts presented to Persian, Afghan and Ottoman officialsAfghan-British relationsThe Afghan-Ottoman warsThe Persian-Russian warsThe siege of Ormuz [Jazīreh-ye Hormoz, Iran] castle by the MuscatisCustoms imposed on English ships by Shaik Rachid at Bassidore [Shaikh Rashid al-Qasimi of Basidu, also written as Rachide, and Rushett]The dispute between the Factory officials and the Shawbunder [Shahbandar] of Gombroon over customsThe Shawbunder of Gombroon being assisted by the Arabs in his attempts to protect the port from the augwauns’ [Afghans’?] attacksA complaint about Cossum [Qasim], the wool merchant at CarmeniaCommunications with the Immaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, also written as Imaum of Muscatt].The volumes include detailed accounts of the state of affairs and inland military operations in a number of provinces in Persia including Tabreez [Tabriz], Hamadoon [Hamadan], Casbin [Qazvin], Tyroon [Tehran], and Yazd. Among the local governors and generals involved in the operations are Amanoolah Caun [Amanullah Khan, the Vizier of Esfahan, also written as Aumaunoolah and Amaunoolah], Mahomett Syed Sultan [Muhammad Sayyid Sultan, Governor of Gombroon], Mahmud Moman Caun [Mahmud Mu'min Khan, the Great Chancellor of the Kingdom of Persia], Alhamadaulet [E‘temad al-Dawla, Grand Vizier of Persia, also written as Athamadowlet], Shaw Sultan Hussain of Spahaun [Shah Sultan Husain Safavid], Shaw Mahmud [Shah Mahmud Hotak or Gilzi, Afghan Ruler of Gilzi dynasty], and Shaw Ashroff Sultan [Shah Ashraf Hotak or Gilzi, Afghan military commander, also written as Ashroph].The volumes contain records of letters from the Resident at Bussorah [Basra, also written as Bussorrah] covering the following: relations with Ottoman officials; letters received from the British Consull [Consul] at Allepo [Aleppo, also written as Alleppo]; the state of affairs in the region; the EIC’s sales and lists of goods; and communications with local merchants at Bagdatt [Baghdad] and Bussorah and lists of their names.The volumes also include detailed reports of the state of the Company’s trade in Persia covering the following: shipping; goods from and for Europe; the Factory’s accounts; customs and revenues; the trade of Persia in general; the EIC’s cash and exchanges; the private trade liberty and grievances of the EIC’s covenant servants.The volumes include records of the arrival and departure of ships, including the Syria, the Greenwich, the Phillipps[ Phillips], the Prince Frederick, the Britannia[also written as Brittania], the Marigold, the Margarett, the Deane, the Duke of York, and the Alleppo[ Aleppo]. Ships sailed mainly to and from Gombroon, Bombay [Mumbai], Surat [also written as Surratt], Bengall [Bengal], Bussorah, Boucheir [Bushehr], Cochin, Mocha, and Muscat.The volumes include some duplications, and some faded letters/enclosures.Physical description: Foliation: this file consists of two physical volumes. The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at f 1 of volume one (ff 1-131) and terminates at f 266 of volume two (ff 132-266); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also intermittently present in parallel between ff 225-266; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves. The file contains four foliation anomalies: f 20a, f 20b, f 176a and f 176b.
16. Letters and Enclosures etc., Received from Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās]
- Description:
- Abstract: Two volumes containing a collection of letters and enclosures dispatched from Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] Factory to ‘the Court of Directors for affairs of the United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies’. Each letter has the date it was received overland, and the date it was read in Court noted at the end of it. At some point these letters were assigned numbers from 2487-2604, in red (turned to purplish) ink. Any missing numbers in between indicate that the letter is missing.The letters cover variety of issues and topics including:The state of affairs and military operations in a number of provinces in Persia [Iran] including, Mashad [Mashhad, also written as Mashat, Mushat, Mushatt and Musshat], Carmenia [Kerman], Gombroon, Yazd, and Spahaun [Eṣfahān]. Among the rulers involved in the operations were Shawrook Shaw [Shāhrokh Shāh Afshar, or Shāhrokh Mīrzā Afshār, c 1734-1796, also written as Sarook, Sharrook, Shawrooke, Sharooke and Shawroke], Carem Caun [Karīm Khān Zand, Vakil of Persia, also written as Carreemm], Ally Mardin Caun [‘Ali Mardan Khan Bakhtiyari, Ilkhani of the Bakhtiyari Tribe], Ahzad Caun [Āzād Khān Ghilza'ī, d 1782, Beglerbeg of Azarbāijān], Ahmed Shaw Afgoon [Ahmad Shah Afghan Durrani, known as Ahmad Shah Abdali r 1747-1772, also written as Ahmet Shaw Aphgoon] and Nasseir Caun [Nāsir Khān Āl Mazkūr, r 1162-1203/c 1749-1788]Indent of woollen goods proper for the Persian market including: the type of cloth, amount by piece, colours required, and their prices. On some occasions patterns of coloured woollen goods were attached to the list as in folios 4, 195 and 214Indent of iron, lead and tin proper for the Persian market and the amount in tonsAbstract of general expenditures at GombroonRecords of the Company’s cash balanceThe activities of the Dutch and the Russians in the regionReports on the activities of local Persian and Armenian merchants in the regionNews of Nadir Shaw [Nadir Shah, Shah of Persia 1732-1747] being killed by his own people in 1747A list of twenty-three rogoms [raqams or ruqums, also written as rogomms: royal grants confirming specific trading privileges] granted to the Company by Nadir ShawSuggestions to set up a Company house at the Island of Bhareen [Bahrain, also written Bahreen and Barren] or at the Island of Kishmish [Qishm]Reports on the status of the wool trade at CarmeniaNews of the deaths of Factory members Danvers Graves and Robert WentNews of Nasseir Caun appointing Moola Ally Shaw [Mulla ‘Ali Shah] to the Government of GombroonNews of the war between the Hoola Arabs [Hawala] and Nasseir Caun at BahreenLists of the Company’s servants in the Gulph [Gulf] of Persia containing their names, ages, stations, places, and salaries.The volumes include enclosures of letters exchanged with the Factory Warehouse Keeper, Danvers Graves, who took the place of the late Resident at Spahaun, John Pierson [also written as Peirsons]. Mr Graves was instructed to clear the Company’s debt at Spahaun, sort the outstanding bills, settle the affairs of the Carmenia bill, and provide a detailed account of Mr Peirson’s fraud accounts and his transactions with local merchants, particularly with Hodjee Ibrahim Bozoork [Haji Ibrahim Buzurg] and Mirza Boggher [Mirza Baqer, also written as Bagher]. The volumes also include records of the examinations of John Pierson before the Agent and Council at Gombroon, and remarks on his conduct and management of affairs at Spahaun.The volumes contain enclosures of letters from the Resident at Bussorah [Basra], William Shaw, to the Court of Directors for affairs at Bombay [Mumbai] reporting on the state of affairs in the region, ships sailing and arriving, the activities of the Aleppo traders, letters dispatched to Aleppo, and the Turks’ activities in the region.The letters in the volumes include records of the arrival and departure of ships, including the Rose Galley, the Welcome, the Godolphin, the Swallow, the Heathcote, the Fort William, the Fort St. George, the Jenney, the Nancy, the Prince of Orange, the Drake, the Oxford, the Shaftesbury, the Boscawen, the Man of War, the Prince Henry, the Hector, the Guardian, the Fezeraboony[ Fayz Rabbani], and the Prince of Wales. Ships sailed mainly to and from Gombroon, Bombay, Bussorah, Surat, Bengall [Bengal], Boutchier [Būshehr, also written as Boucheir, Busshire], Madrass [Madras, i.e. Chennai], the Island of Socrata [Socotra Island], Batavia [Jakarta], Judda [Jeddah], China, Mocha, Muscat and England.Physical description: Foliation: this file consists of two physical volumes. The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at f 1 of volume one (ff 1-130) and terminates at f 247 of volume two (ff 131-247); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
17. Letter from William Digges Latouche to the Court of Directors
- Description:
- Abstract: The second part of a letter from William Digges Latouche, Resident at Bussora [Basra], to the Court of Directors for Affairs of the United Company of Merchants of England trading to the East Indies [East India Company], dated 12 October 1781. Subjects covered include:Civil conflict in MuscatAttacks on a Muscat ship by French ‘privateers’, the effect of this on trade in the Gulph [Gulf], and the Basha’s [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] intercession with the FrenchThe movements of ships and British travellers to and from India via BussoraPlans to intercept a suspected Dutch messenger at Bunderick [Bandar-e Rig]The state of affairs in Bagdat [Baghdad] and Persia [Iran]Reports from India, including the capture of the Dutch factory at SuratThe trade in woollens in Bussora.The first part of this letter is catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/19 and the third part as IOR/L/PS/9/76/16.Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
18. Fort St George: Journal
- Description:
- Abstract: Journal of the voyage of the East India Company ship Fort St Georgefrom England to Bombay and back (Captain John Acton), 20 December 1743-25 August 1746 (dates given are for arrival unless otherwise indicated): left Gravesend, 18 February 1744; left the Downs, 8 March 1744; left Spithead, 28 May 1744; 25 September 1744, Cape of Good Hope; 16 January 1745, Anjengo; 23 January 1745, Cochin [Kochi]; 25 March 1745, Gombroon [Bandar Abbas]; 11 May 1745, Bombay; 23 October 1745, Goa; 6 November 1745, Tellicherry [Thalassery]; 30 November 1745, Cochin; 4 December 1745, Anjengo; 23 February 1746, Cape of Good Hope; 10 June 1746, Gallway [Galway]; 26 July 1746, the Downs.Inscribed: 'This is My Original Journall, 25. Aug. 1746. John Acton' (folio 3).Marked: 'Recd. [Received] 26th. Augt. [August] 1746' (folio 3).The following note has also been added at a later date on folio 1: 'The Fort St. George I believe'.The journal contains daily entries in seven columns: H [Hour]; K [Knots]; F [Fathoms]; Courses; Winds; Weather, and [date and remarks]. When the ship is at anchor, or close to shore, the entries consist of remarks only.The journal records: navigational information; weather; the maintenance of the ship; the provisioning of the ship; transport of Company soldiers; details of the other ships with which the Fort St Georgesailed in convoy; contact with other British ships; sightings of other vessels; deaths of crew members; commodities carried (especially wool from Bandar Abbas, and pepper); and general remarks.The record is part of a volume containing five separate log books and other records: Fort St George: Journal, John Acton, Captain, 1740-42 (IOR/L/MAR/B/632A); Fort St George: Journal, 1743-46 (IOR/L/MAR/B/632B); Fort St George: Journal, Robert Brown, Chief Mate, 1747-48 (IOR/L/MAR/B/632C); Fort St George: Imprest Book, c. 1702 (IOR/L/MAR/B/632D); and Fort St George: Receipt Book, c. 1722 (IOR/L/MAR/B/632E).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 1, and terminates at f 165; it is part of a larger physical volume of different shelfmarks in which this shelfmark has been given its own separate foliation sequence, i.e. non-consecutive; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
19. Diary and Consultations of Mr Alexander Douglas, Agent of the East India Company at Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] in the Persian Gulf, commencing 1 August 1757 and ending 31 July 1758
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume is in the form of a diary, which contains records of consultations at the Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] Factory. The Chief Agent, Alexander Douglas, and occasionally, the Factory's Council members Thomas Mostyn and Gascoyne Holmes headed the consultations. They recorded the daily activities, the administrative decisions made, letters received and sent, as well as visits to and from the Factory. Records of some significant political and military operations in the region are also preserved.Among the main details and issues recorded in the diary are the following:The enmity between Carem Caun [Karīm Khān Zand, Vakil of Persia, also written as Carim] and Nasseir Caun [Nāṣir Khān Āl Mazkūr, Shaikh of Būshehr, reigned 1162-1203/c 1749-1788]The arrival of wool from Cermina, [Kerman, also written as Carmenia]Records of letters received from the Linguist (i.e. interpreter) at Carmenia advising on the amount of wool sent and the billsNews of Carem Caun sending troops to take Spahaun [Isfahan], and YazdNews of Hossan Caun [Moḥammad Ḥasan Khān Qājār, Beglerbeg of Astarabad] defeating Azad Caun [Āzād Khān Ghilza'ī, Beglerbeg of Azerbaijan] who fled to TurkeyNews of Shaik Ramah [Raḥmah bin Maṭar al-Qāsimī, Shaikh of Julfār, also written as Rama and Rammah] of Julfar [in what is now Ra's al Khaymah] visiting the Factory to discuss supplying Nasseir Caun with brass gunsShaik Ramah being at war with the Imaum [Imam] of MuscatNews of Hossan Caun appointing Nasseir Caun to the post of the Beglerbeggy [Beglerbegi/Beylerbeyi is Turkish and Azeri for Governor-General] of FarsNews of Sharrook Caun [Shāhrokh Mīrzā Afshār, c 1734-1796, Governor of Kerman] getting marriedRecords of the activities of French and Dutch vesselsNews of Sharrook Caun sending troops against Mahomet Reza Caun [Muhammad Riza Khan Marandi], Governor of MimzadNews of the death of the Ottoman Sultan, Osman III, and the succession of Mustafa III to the throneRecords of shipped commodities such as sugar, sugar candy, pepper, iron and spicesRecords of letters received from certain Persian notables and military officers.The diary includes records of letters exchanged between the Factory Agent and the President and Governor-in-Council at Fort William, Roger Drake. It also includes records of letters exchanged between the Factory Agent and the President and Governor of the Council of Bombay, Richard Bourchier. These mainly cover the situation in Persia, ways to increase the company's revenues, the amount of wool shipped, regulation of importing goods from various parts of India, duties on certain commodities, and permits given to private ships.The diary includes records of letters received from the Resident at Bussorah [Basra, also written as Bossarah], William Shaw, to the Factory at Gombroon in which he includes details of events taking place, ships sailing and arriving, and news received from the British Consulate at Aleppo.The diary includes records of the arrival and departure of ships, including the Hopewell Snow, the Phoenix Schooner, the Frankey, the Dragon, the Prince Edward, the York, the Futtee Dowlet[ Fath’-i Dawlat] Grab, the Success, the Revenge, and the Drake. From Gombroon the ships sailed mainly to Bombay, Bussorah, Bengal, Mocha, Muscat and Ormus [Jazīreh-ye Hormoz, also written as Ormuz, Ormuse].The diary includes abstracts of the standard account disbursements for each month. These cover the following: table expenses, garrison charges, the Afseen Garden, merchandised charges, extraordinary charges, stable charges, servants' wages, ships' charges, and Factory repairs.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 71; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front cover.
20. File 3104/1915 Pt 4 ‘Mesopotamia: Trade with Baghdad & Export of wool’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence and papers concerning the export of wool from Baghdad in Mesopotamia [Iraq] during Britain’s military occupation of the country in the First World War. Subjects covered include: enquiries from commercial firms seeking to export wool from Mesopotamia; shipping arrangements for the export of wool from Baghdad to various destinations, including Britain and Marseilles in France; arrangements for the shipment of consignments of wool to the United States of America, and the War Office’s opposition to such plans, insisting that all available wool should be reserved for Britain’s military requirements. The file’s principal correspondents are: the India Office; the Foreign Office; the Director of Raw Materials, War Office; the Indian Munitions Board, Government of India; Selim Homsy & Company; Gulbenkian Brothers.The file includes a single item in French: a copy of a memorandum received by the Foreign Office from the French Ambassador to London (f 230).The file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 245; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
21. File 3104/1915 Pt 5 ‘Mesopotamia: trade; wool’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence and papers concerning the export of wool from Baghdad and Basra in Mesopotamia [Iraq] during Britain’s military occupation of the country after the First World War. The contents of the file are a direct chronological continuation of File 3104/1915 Pt 4 ‘Mesopotamia: Trade with Baghdad & Export of wool’ (IOR/L/PS/10/567). Contents of the file include: arrangements for the export of 3,000 bales of wool from Basra to Marseilles; restrictions on the export of wool from Mesopotamia; changes in trading restrictions, including the Army Council’s insistence that all wool from Mesopotamia be imported into Britain, for distribution to its allies (specifically, France and the United States of America); a copy of a report produced by the East Indian Wool Trade Committee, dated July 1918 (ff 77-85); applications by commercial firms seeking to export wool from Mesopotamia; the Army Council’s considerations on lifting restrictions on the export of wool in February 1919. The file contains a number of items in French.The file’s principal correspondents are: the India Office; the Foreign Office; the War Office, including the Director of Raw Materials at the War Office.The file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 166; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
22. Photocopy of Letters Outward and Inward
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume consists of letters sent outwards (between 1 February 1789 and 18 July 1796), and inwards (between 20 October 1792 and 13 April 1798) from or to the Bushire Residency; the position of Resident at Bushire being initially held by Charles Watkins, but he was relieved in December 1792 by Nicholas Hankey Smith. These are primarily addressed to, or sent from, the Resident and Factor at Bussora [Basra] (Samuel Manesty and Harford Jones Brydges, later Nathan Crow and Piter le Messurier); and the President and Governor in Council, Bombay (in chronological order; William Medows, Robert Abercromby, George Dick, John Griffith, and Jonathan Duncan), or his secretary John Morris.The function of the Bushire Residency during this period was primarily commercial, and this is reflected in the correspondence. The main subject discussed is the importation of wool into Bushire and Bussora, and its subsequent sale. The acquisition of Carmenian [Armenian] wool is therefore much discussed as a result. The importation of other goods such as tin, lead, and steel are also discussed to a lesser degree due to the high demand for these articles at Bushire.Accounting concerns are another recurring topic within the volume. Primarily, this is related to changes to be made to accounting procedures, but it also includes a number of reports produced by the Committee of Accounts, Bombay, on the accounts and disbursements of the Bushire Residency; the Resident's responses to these reports can be found in the outwards correspondence.Political concerns are less prominent. However, the volume does contain a number of reports from the Resident at Bushire on the unstable political situation in Persia. In addition, subsequent to the outbreak of war between Britain and France in 1792, reports can also be found respecting the presence of French ships off Muscat, and the arrival at Bagdad [Baghdad] of individuals believed by the British to be in the service of the French Government.The movement of the East India Company's vessels in the Persian Gulf is frequently reported on as a matter of standard procedure; mainly related to the delivery of letters and packets. However, the volume also includes orders addressed to the commanders of the Company's ships, which are included as enclosures to letters sent to the Resident at Bushire; these are by and large of a routine nature.Physical description: Condition: The volume is made up of photocopies of variable quality, and it appears that the copies have been reduced in size from the originals. As a result, a significant proportion of the text is difficult to read.Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the first folio and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.To account for folios missed when the file was originally numbered, the volume contains the following foliation corrections; 13, and 13A; 72, and 72A.
23. Diary and Consultation Book of Thomas Waters, Supravisor of the East India Company's Activities in Persia and the Persian Gulf at Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās]
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume is the Diary and Consultation Book of Thomas Waters, 'Supravisor' of the East India Company's activities in Persia and the Persian Gulf. The volume contains diary entries and consultations held at Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] including: a consultation with William Henry Draper and John Fothringham, following the arrival of the Fort St GeorgeGalley, about the ‘utmost disorder’ prevailing in the Company’s business; the arrival of a vessel supposedly belonging to the Imaum of Muscatt [Imam of Muscat, Muhammad bin Nasir al-Ghafiri], under the command of Noquedah Shaik Mahmud Ben Jessas [Nakhuda Shaikh Mahmud bin Jassas], the instructions provided to Captain Walley Echelin to keep the Fort St Georgein a ‘posture of Defence’, and a request from the Governor of Gombroon for the Galley to prevent a ‘Moor Ship' from being captured by Nakhuda bin Jassas; the ‘advices’ to be carried by the Futtacadarin[Futuh al-Qadirin] to the Presidency of Bombay, and those to Owen Phillipps at Spahaun [Isfahan] on the remittance of the ‘whole Amo[un]t of their Arrears’; a proposal for William Cordeaux to be ‘call’d in to take his place at the [Gombroon] Board, the balance due to Kessourjee [the] Broker [Kisurji Dallal Hindi], ‘remains of goods in Warehouses belonging to the H[onourable] Comp[any]’, ‘Publick Papers & Registers being now dispos’d in good Order’, and the ‘Rogums [Ruqum or Raqams: royal grants confirming specific trading privileges] found among the old Papers in the Office’; a List of ‘Rogums granted [to] the Hon[oura]ble East India Company by the Kings of Persia’ (1635-1714); The List of ‘Authentick Coppys’ of Ruqum granted to the Company by the Kings of Persia (1677-1726); the Register of ‘Sundry Books and Papers remaining in the Factory at Gombroon’, including the ‘Gombroon Journalls & Ledgers’ (1700-25), ‘Spahaun Journalls and Ledgers’ (1700-07/8, 1716-20, 1721-22), ‘Bussorah [Basra] Journalls & Legers’ (1723-25), ‘Gombroon Consultations & Diarys’ (1698-1726), ‘Spahaun Consultations & Diarys’ (1712-22), ‘Bussorah Consultations & Diarys’ (1723-24), ‘Letters Inwards & Outwards’ (1616-1726), ‘Invoice & Freight Books’ (1705-26), and ‘Broker’s Acco[un]ts with H[onourable] Company’ (1722-26); the perceived decline of Gombroon and diversion of its trade to Bassidore [Basa‘idu], ‘occasion’d through the Artifices and Crafty management of Shaik Rachide’ [Shaikh Rashid bin Matar al-Qasimi]; the Prince Sultan Mahmud Mirza [Sultan Muhammad Mirza Safavi’s] design of ‘raising forces against the Ophgoons’ [Afghans]; a request from the Supravisor to Shaikh Rashid to return the ‘Tranky’ hired by Cordeaux; the revolt of the Province of Jarroon [Jahrum] and closure of the trade routes to Shyrash [Shiraz]; a report from Lhor [Lar] that the Ophgoons had made ‘two attempts on the Turks lying before Spahaun’; the news that Shaw Achmat [Shah Ahmad Khan Mar‘ashi Safavi] has ‘got a few forces together’; the return of Mirza Zeid Alley [Mirza Zahid ‘Ali Lari] as Shawbunder [Shahbandar] of Gombroon; the delayed departure of the Galley for the ‘Mocha Service’; the request of William Brewer to the Supravisor for permission to return to Bombay with the Galley; the charges against Captain Forbes and the ‘withdrawal’ of the English Factory from Bussorah as related in the 'Bussorah Diary'; the delivery by Isaac Houssaye of the ‘Books of Acco[un]ts [and] Papers of Publick Registers’ and the ‘Invoice of Treasure’ on board the Victoria; the presentation by the Dutch East India Company of the ‘Bills drawn by the Gentlemen at Spahaun’; a letter from Dr Arthur Forbes to the Supravisor on the ‘Chest of Physick’ that came by the Galley; the demand of Governor Mirza Mahmud Salley Beg [Mirza Muhammad Zal Beg] from the Supravisor, on behalf of Sultan Mahmud Mirza, of goods belonging to Mirza Zeid Alley; the charges brought by Isaac Houssaye and William May against Captain Martin French; the departure of the Good Neighbourunder the command of Master James Ford for Bombay, and the present sent to 'Cojee Salim [Haji Salim] Governor of a Village in ye Road to Carmania’; the arrival of the Brigantine Princecommanded by Master John Garland from Bengall [Bengal]; the reports that Shaw Ashoph(e) [Shah Ashraf Ghilza’i] had ‘intirely routed’ the Turks outside Isfahan; the answer of Martin French to the charges of Houssaye and May; the march of Shaw Thomas [Shah Tahmasb II Safavi] against Shaw Achmat with 30,000 men; the order for the suspension of Martin French and his removal as ‘one of ye Councill in the Gulph’; a report from the Noquedah of a ‘Small Dingee’ about an English ship cast away off Muscatt Harbour; the arrival of the Tellicherry Grab with a ‘Gruff Cargoe & a few Bengall Peice Goods’; the dispatch of letters to Mr Williamson, Mr Veitch and Captain West with the Frigate Deane;a letter from the Governor of Lhor conveying ‘ye regard he has for the English Nation’, and enclosing a letter by ‘Shah Ashophe from Spahaun relating to the Engagement he had with the Turks’; the permission for French to travel to Bussorah to signal resentment at the ‘ill usage’ of the Company; the arrival of the boatswain of the Marygold, confirming the news about the English ship cast away at Muscatt; the ‘Gen[era]l advices’ passed on to the Ballsby the Britanniaat a meeting near Bombay; the arrival of the Britanniaunder Captain John Benson, after having captured a Grab from Muscatt, making it necessary to induce ‘ye Imaum to believe We are not Aggressors & prevent any ill Consequences’; a remonstrance with ‘Abde Rahman Bashaw [Abd al-Rahman Pasha] of Bussorah’; the withdrawal of protection from Cossum the Wool Merchant [Qasim Beg Tajir Kermani]; the remonstrance with Mahomet Eman Caun, Athamdoulet [Muhammad Amin Khan, I’timad al-Dawlah]; a resolution requiring Houssaye’s compliance with an order for the repayment of 150,100 Shahis; a letter from the Supravisor to the Imaum of Muscatt, ‘concerning his Vessels [ Futtehoyand Sabahoy Cayree, i.e. Fattahiand Sabahal-Khayri]’, and the arrival of the Jamesunder command of Captain Bizell [Charles Bissell] en route to Bussorah.Physical description: The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 43; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers.
24. Diary and Consultations of Mr Alexander Douglas, Agent of the East India Company at Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] in the Persian Gulf, commencing 16 January and ending 31 July 1760
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume is in the form of a diary, which contains records of consultations at the Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] Factory. The Chief Agent, Alexander Douglas, and occasionally, the Factory's Council members William Nash and Dymoke Lyster, headed the consultations. They recorded the daily activities, the administrative decisions made, letters sent and received, and the significant political and military operations in the region.Among the main details and issues recorded in the diary are the following:The French seizing the East India Company's ship SpeedwellReports of the country people attacking the FactoryNews of Shaik Rama [Raḥmah bin Maṭar al-Qāsimī, Shaikh of Julfār, also written as Rama and Rammah] of Julfar [Julfār in what is now Ra's al Khaymah, also written as Gulfar] seizing the effects of Moolah Ally Shaw [Mulla Ali Shah] in Ormuse [[Jazīreh-ye Hormoz, Hormuz, Ormuz, also written as Ormus]The enmity between Carem Caun [Karīm Khān Zand, Vakil of Persia, also written as Carim] and Nasseir Caun [Nāṣir Khān Āl Mazkūr, Shaikh of Būshehr, ruled 1162-1203/c 1749-1788]The Imaum [Imam] of Muscat [also written as Muskatt] trying to entice the French ships ashore either at Muscat or BourkaRecords of the activities of French and Dutch vesselsNasseir Caun sending his brother Jaffar Caun [Ja‘afar Khān] to Afseen [Afsin] to build a fort thereRecords of military engagement between Dutch and English shipsCorrespondence with William Hutchinson, Captain of the ship Godolphinregarding sailing ordersThe Benimine [Banu Mu‘in] and Charrack Arabs' [Al-'Ali, based at Charrack, modern (Bandar) Charak] confrontation with the Haram and Julfar Arabs over the Island of Kishme [Qishm, Qeshm]Records of a battle at Nandervash [Vandavasi or Wandiwash, south-west India] between French and English forcesThe arrival of wool from Cermina [Kerman, also written as Carmenia]Records of letters received from the Linguist (i.e. interpreter) at Carmenia advising on the amount of wool sent and the billsAccounts of damaged cloth delivered out of the Company's warehouseThe Agent visiting the Cutwal [Kutwal from Persian, means the chief of a fort] of Ormuse castleThe engagement between Nasseir Caun’s troops and the Julfar Arabs at Linga [Bandar-e Lengeh]Letters exchanged between the Factory Agent and the President and Governor-in-Council at Bombay, and Council MembersThe President and Governor-in-Council at Bombay, Richard Bourchier resigning from his post, and Charles Crommelin taking overRecords of the work of the Committee of AccountsThe Bombay Council correspondence with the King of Siam regarding ship Northumberlandwhich had been seized by his peopleLetters exchanged between the Resident at Bussorah [Basra, also written as Bossarah], William Shaw, and the Factory at GombroonRecords of events taking place in Bussorah and Bagdat [Baghdad]William Shaw’s visit to the Bashaw [Pasha] of Bagdat and the good relations paved between the twoThe delivery of packets to the Court of Directors via Aleppo and Stambole [Istanbul].The diary includes records of the arrival and departure of ships, including the Dragon, the Welcome, the Godolphin, the Swallow, the Fort William, the Royal George, the Duke of Dorset, the Drake, the Calcutta, the Monmouth, the Roumaniaand the Fuzeraboony.Ships sailed mainly to and from Gombroon, Bombay, Bussorah, Bengall [Bengal], Surat, Muscat, Bushier [Būshehr], and Ormuse.The diary includes abstracts of the standard account disbursements for each month. These cover the following: table expenses, garrison charges, house repairs, the Afseen Garden, merchandised charges, extraordinary charges, servants' wages, ships' charges, and hospital charges.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 57; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front cover.Pagination: the file also contains an original pagination sequence.
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