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13. Persia and Afghanistan Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises a copy of an enclosure to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 53 of 1856, dated 28 July 1856. The enclosure is dated 19 May 1856.The enclosure comprises copies of despatches sent by Richard W Stevens, HM Consul in Tehran, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, copies of which are forwarded for the information of the Government of Bombay and the Government of India. The despatches notably cover and include:The bastinado (punishment by caning the soles of the feet) of the post-master of Semnaan [Semnan], convicted of bringing false news of the capture of HeratIntelligence from a European (Italian) officer attached to the Persian [Iranian] Army at Herat that the Ruler of Herat, Mahommed Youssuf [Muḥammad Yūsuf], has been sent a prisoner to the Persian camp by his Vezier [vizier, minister] Essau Khan [ʻĪsá Khān], that the Vezier has ‘sold himself to the Persians’ (f 428) and with other Heratee leaders has agreed to all Persian surrender terms apart from the admission of troops into Herat (ff 430-432. (The copy of the original intelligence is in Italian, with an English translation. This is a duplicate of a document in item IOR/L/PS/5/487, ff 381-396, on ff 395-396).Stevens’s belief that Essau Khan has not surrendered but has: pretended to espouse the Persian cause; got the Persian Army to withdraw to Bernabad [Baranabad] 25 miles from Herat; ‘set the Persians at defiance’ (f 429) after disposing of the Ruler of Herat to the Persian camp; and infuriated the Shah [Shāh] and Persian CommanderReports of great Persian losses during attempts to storm Herat, and the assembling of more Persian troops in Khorassan [Khorasan] and Teheran [Tehran]Authorisation given by the Persian Sadr Azem [Ṣadr A‘ẓam, minister] to the Commander of the Persian Army at Herat to confirm Essau Khan in power provided he allows the town to be garrisoned by Persian troopsThe Sadr Azem’s claim that Persian troops have occupied the forts of Laush, Jeven [Lash-e Juwayn?] and Kohak, former dependencies of KandaharDetails of the present distribution of the Persian Army (f 434)Intelligence that prior to peace negotiations in Paris (to end the Crimean War) Russia amassed war stores at Lankeran [Lankaran] and Bakoo [Baku] for troops collected at Astracan [Astrakan], which would have been sent to Herat to assist PersiaIntelligence regarding friendly relations between the Governor of Asterabad [Gorgan] and Russian agents stationed there.Physical description: 1 item (11 folios)
14. Persia and Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 34 of 1856, dated 10 May 1856. The enclosures are dated 8 March-29 April 1856.The enclosures chiefly comprise copies of despatches, with enclosures, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, from: Charles Augustus Murray, HM Ambassador to the Court of Persia [Iran], then located at Tabreez [Tabriz]; and Richard W Stevens, HM Consul at Tehran. (Murray’s despatches mainly forward copies of Stevens’s despatches to him). The despatches are forwarded for information to the Government of India and Government of Bombay. They cover and include the following:Murray’s intention to proceed to Ooroomiah [Urmia or Orumiyeh] and then to Baghdad with the British diplomatic missionA copy of a letter (ff 165-166) that the Persian Government claims to have been written by William Taylour Thomson, former British Envoy at Tehran, to the Ruler of Herat, and which Murray asserts is a forgery intended to smear the reputation of the British mission and justify Persian aggression in HeratA copy of a circular letter (ff 169-171) from the Persian Sadr Azim [Ṣadr A‘ẓam, minister to the Shāh, also spelled Sedr Azem in this item] to all the foreign missions in Tehran, in which he explains his Government’s intentions regarding Herat and Candahar [also spelled Kandahar in this item], implying that Britain is supporting Dost Mahomed Khan [Dūst Muḥammad Khān Bārakzāy] who has occupied Candahar, and claiming that Persia is responding to calls for assistance from the relatives of Kohendil Khan [Kuhandīl Khān Muḥammadzay] and the Ruler of Herat. (Murray insists that letters supposedly written by relatives of Kohendil Khan are mostly fabrications)A commercial treaty about to be concluded between the Persian and Austrian GovernmentsIntelligence received by Stevens that Persia is sending a large force from Tehran to wrest Candahar from Dost Mahomed Khan and Persian military and propaganda preparations for thisMurray’s claims of ‘insulting’ behaviour towards him and the British mission and the Persian Government’s determination to quarrel with Britain causing costly disorder in Afghanistan, and Murray’s desire for hostile action against PersiaA translation, in French, of an article in the Tehran Gazettepublished by the Persian Government, stating the ‘true causes’ of Murray’s withdrawal from the Persian court (ff 178-185)Stevens’s assertion that the young Armenian named Meerza Melkom [Mīrzā Malkum Khān], sent by the Persian Government to the British Ambassador in Constantinople [Istanbul] to mediate the quarrel between the Persian Government and the British Mission, has in fact contributed towards the rupture with Murray, is pro-French, and is responsible for distributing anti-English newspaper articles in Constantinople and EuropeIntelligence received by Stevens, including from the native agent and news writer at Meshed [Mashhad], confirming the movements of the Persian Army under Prince Sultan Moorad Meerza [Sulṭān Murād Mīrzā] towards Herat with the aim of occupying it, and the besieging of HeratIntelligence that the Mooftee [Muftī] of Herat was seized, sent as a prisoner to Meshed, and insultingly paraded through the townVarying reports received by Stevens on whether Herat has been occupied by the Persian Army or is yet to be taken by Sultan Moorad Meerza’s force, and regarding the strength of the Herat garrison and determination of the Ruler and inhabitants of Herat to prevent Persian troops entering the townStevens’s refusal of presents sent to him by the Shah and Minister for Foreign Affairs on the occasion of the new year festival of Narooz [Nowruz or Navroz].Also included in the item are:Despatches from Commander Felix Jones, Acting Resident, Persian Gulf, relating to: his plan to tour the Gulf and intention to persuade the Al Ali [Āl ‘Alī] tribe to leave Demaum [Dammam]; the warning given to Sheikh Mahomed bin Abdullah, Chief of Demaum [Muḥammad bin ‘Abdullāh, Shaikh of Dammam] not to allow the Al Ali to build homes in his territory; and the movements of Persian troops in the Province of Fars as reported by the British Agent at ShirazThe Government of India’s equivocal notice to the Government in Bombay regarding the latter’s authority to despatch an expedition to the Persian Gulf upon the sole requisition of Murray.Physical description: 1 item (43 folios)
15. Copy of Dispatch No. 48 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez, to the Chief Secretary to the Supreme Government of India, George Swinton
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 48 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez [Tabriz], to the Chief Secretary to the Supreme Government of India, George Swinton, of 13 May 1827. The letter originally enclosed copies of correspondence from the Sirdar of Erivan [Sardar of Iravan or Yerevan, Ḥusayn Qulī Khan Qājār] to Abbas Meerza [Crown Prince of Persia, ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār] concerning the Russian siege at Erivan (now catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/70/229-230). Macdonald Kinneir indicates that he has reason to believe the veracity of the details reported in the enclosed documents, and reports on the progress of the Russian siege, indicating that Russia is seeking to capture Erivan as quickly as possible and suggesting that Erivan will soon fall.This document was originally enclosed in Macdonald Kinneir’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 14 May 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/70/227).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
16. Copy of Dispatch No. 49 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez, to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 49 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez [Tabriz], to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton, of 1 June 1827. The letter originally enclosed papers concerning the ongoing war between Russia and Persia in the Caucasus [Russo-Persian War, 1826-1828] and other matters (now catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/71/3-10). This letter concerns the ongoing war, detailing the Russian siege of Erivan [Yerevan], giving an account of a battle between Russian and Persian forces, and reporting on the movements of the army of the Shah of Persia [Fatḥ-‘Alī Shāh Qājār]. The letter also covers: military events in Dagistan [Dagestan]; the disgrace of the former Vizier to the Prince-Governor of Fars, Mahomed Zekee Khan [Muḥammad Zakī Khān], resulting from a dispute with British officials over the imprisonment of Sheikh Abdool Russool of Bushire [Shaikh of Bushehr, Shaikh ʿAbd al-Rasūl Khān]; and an incident in which an individual bearing letters from the Government of India to Macdonald Kinneir was ‘plundered’ by ‘banditti’. A postscript also details the capture of communications between Russian generals (catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/71/9-10).This document was originally enclosed in Macdonald Kinneir’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 22 June 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/1).Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
17. Copy of Dispatch No. 55 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, at the Royal Camp at Khoee, to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 55 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, at the Royal Camp at Khoee [Khoy], to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton, of 19 July 1827. The letter concerns military operations in the ongoing war between Russia and Persia in the Caucasus [Russo-Persian War, 1826-1828]. The letter gives details of the evacuation of Russian troops from the Province of Erivan [Yerevan] due to disease and lack of supplies, and the Russian siege of the fortress of Abbas-Abad ['Abbasabad], including a failed attempt by the besieging army to scale the fortress walls. Macdonald Kinneir also gives a detailed account of a battle between Persian forces led by Abbas Meerza [ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār, Crown Prince of Persia], Hussan Khan [Ḥasan Qulī Khān Qājār] and the Aussef ed Dowleh [Allāh Yār Khān Qājār Davallū, Āṣaf al-Dawlah, the Grand Vizier of the Shāh of Persia], and Russian troops from the besieging army, led by General Paskevitch [General Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich-Erivansky, Governor-General of Georgia] on the River Arras [Aras].This document was originally enclosed, numbered 1, in Macdonald Kinneir’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 22 July 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/29).Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
18. Copy of Dispatch No. 70 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez, to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 70 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez [Tabriz], to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton, of 8 October 1827. Macdonald Kinneir relates news from the Prince Royal [ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār, Crown Prince of Persia] of the capture of the fortress of Sirdarabad [Sardari Berd, or Sardar’s Fortress] by Russia, and the renewed siege of Erivan [Yerevan] by General Paskevitch [General Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich-Erivansky, Governor-General of Georgia]. Macdonald Kinneir reports that he will, at the Prince Royal’s request, travel to Khoee [Khoy], and indicates his belief that the Prince Royal has no option but to quickly accede to the peace terms offered by the Russians at Abbasabad [ʿAbbasabad] (see IOR/L/PS/9/71/34 and 37).The letter also originally enclosed copies of letters from the Prince Royal (now catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/71/76-82).This document was originally enclosed in Macdonald Kinneir’s dispatch No. 26 to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 5 November 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/72).Physical description: 1 item (1 folio)
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