Abstract: The file contains correspondence, circulars and other papers relating to visits by the Viceroy and Governor-General of India (the Marquis of Willingdon, Major Freeman Freeman-Thomas) and his wife Lady Willingdon (Marie Freeman-Thomas) to Bahrain and Sharjah in May 1934, while travelling by Imperial Airways from Karachi to Basra, and their return to both of these places on the return flight back to Karachi in August 1934. Correspondents in the file include: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle, the Political Agent at Bahrain, Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch, and the Residency Agent at Sharjah, Khan Bahadur ‘Īsá bin ‘Abd al-Latif.The file includes:correspondence concerning the arrangements made for the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon’s overnight stay at the RAF rest house at Sharjah, on the night of 16 May 1934, and their meeting with the Residency Agent and the Sheikhs of Sharjah (Sultan bin Saqr Āl Qāsimī) and Dubai (Sa‘id bin Maktum Āl Maktum);correspondence concerning the arrangements made for the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon to visit Bahrain on 17 May 1934, including: arrangements for the Ruler of Bahrain, Sheikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, to hold a coffee reception in a tent at the aerodrome; the presentation of a speech and gift to the Viceroy by Sheikh Ḥamad; the presentation of invited Arab and European/American guests to the reception, including a lists of invitees (ff 64-65), an invitation to (f 44) and responses from European and American guests (ff 159-167), which includes representatives of the Government of Bahrain, Bahrain Petroleum Company, and the American Mission at Bahrain; appropriate hot weather dress for the occasion;correspondence covering both visits, including: security arrangements; the organisation of gun salutes; gifts for the Viceroy;following the visits in May 1934: newspaper cuttings from the
Iraq Timesand
The Timesreporting on the visits to Bahrain (ff 101-102); correspondence regarding appropriate gifts to be given by the Viceroy to the Sheikhs of Bahrain and Sharjah; the Political Agent’s report on the Viceroy’s visit to Bahrain (ff 84-85), and the Residency Agent’s report on the visit to Sharjah (Arabic and English, ff 87-92); letters of thanks and appreciation from the Sheikhs;arrangements for stopovers by the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon at Bahrain and Sharjah in August 1934, which are to be private visits, including, at Bahrain, a visit to the house of Sheikh ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah for refreshments;following the visits in August 1934: reports of the respective visits by the Political Agent at Bahrain (ff 143-144) and the Residency Agent at Sharjah (Arabic and English, ff 145-148); arrangements for a gift of a pair of binoculars to the Sheikh of Sharjah;at the beginning of the file there is some correspondence relating to a visit to Bahrain in July 1933 by Lady Willingdon, who is passing through on an Imperial Airways flight (ff 2-7).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-167; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
Abstract: The file comprises correspondence and papers relating to visits to the Persian Gulf by foreign dignitaries. Correspondents in the file include the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and the Political Agents at Bahrain and Kuwait.The file includes:correspondence relating to the visit to Bahrain in December 1937 of Amir Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd from Saudi Arabia, including: discussion amongst British Government officials who take a positive view of the proposed visit; a letter from the Political Agent in Bahrain (Captain Tom Hickinbotham) to the Ruler of Bahrain (Sheikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah), dated 7 October 1937, insisting that he be present during any political discussions (ff 24-25); reports in late December 1937 of the visit, written by the Political Agent Hugh Weightman (ff 43-48) and an unknown author (ff 50-53). Both reports include details of: the visiting dignitaries, receptions and dinners; the large quantities of gold sovereigns brought up by the Saudi party in the Bahrain bazaars, to be used to purchase Maria Theresa dollars in Saudi Arabia; rumours amongst the Bahrain bazaars of the purposes of the trip;correspondence relating to the Sheikh of Kuwait’s (Sheikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ) proposed visit to Bahrain, his intention being to meet the Ruler of Bahrain, Sheikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, and offer mediation over the Bahrain-Qatar (Zubarah) dispute (ff 26-30);a proposed trip in 1936 by the Iraqi statesman Nuri Pasha to Bombay, stopping off at Kuwait, Bahrain and Muscat, and the consequent postponement of this trip due to unforeseen circumstances (ff 2-10). Correspondence relating to Nuri Pasha’s later trip to Riyadh via Bahrain in April 1940 is also included in the file (ff 57-63);the return of the Egyptian Chargé d'Affaires, Abdul Hamid Munir, to Egypt from Riyadh via Bahrain in 1944 (ff 72-76);wartime and post-war various visits by United States dignitaries and legations, including: a US legation at Bahrain in 1942 (ff 65-66); Colonel Hoskins, Personal Envoy to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1943 (68, 70-71); and US senators in 1943 and 1944-45 (ff 69 77-79);Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-81; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
Abstract: Correspondence in this file discusses the etiquette of gun salutes and exchange of calls in the Gulf. Topics include:the raising of the number of gun salutes for the Ruler of Kuwait and the Ruler of Bahrain from seven guns to eleven guns;a letter in Arabic (with English translation) from Shaikh Hamad bin Isa al Khalifah [Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah], Ruler of Bahrain, to Percy Gordon Loch, Political Agent, Bahrain, expressing thanks to King George V for the granting of a seven guns as a personal salute;the programme and protocol for the visit of the Commander-in-Chief, East Indies Station, to Bahrain and Sharjah.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-243; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
Abstract: The discussion in the volume relates to the migration of the Al Bu Ainain (a tribe of '1000 males') from Wakrah, Qatar, to 'Qasr as-Sabaih', a settlement 30 miles north of Katif [Al-Qaṭīf]. The correspondence contains the discussion between British officials as to whether Qasr as-Sabaih lay in territory of the Ruler of Kuwait or was under Turkish jurisdiction. It also discusses how the 'headman of the Al Bu Ainain', Abdullah bin Ali, approached a number of authorities to seek their assistance, including the Ruler of Bahrain, the Wali of Basrah, and the Turkish authorities in Al Hasa.Further discussion in the volume concerns the flying of the Turkish flag over the fort at Qasr as-Sabaih and the relationship of the Al Bu Ainain with the Turkish authorities. The file finishes with a note (folio 90) that the Al Bu Ainain had come to a private arrangement with the Ruler of Kuwait whereby in return for the payment of a yearly allowance, the Ruler would not encourage Bedouin raiding against the tribe.Included in the volume is a statement (folio 36) of 'Distribution of Garrisons in Hasa, Qatif and Qatar' giving numbers of Turkish troops and supplies at each location. The volume also includes some extracts (folios 65-75) from
'Bahrain News'and
'Kuwait News'.Correspondence (folios 77-89) also discusses a possible migration of Sheikh Nasir bin Shahin al-Tuwar of Fuwairat from Qatar to Qasr as-Sabaih.The principal correspondents in the volume include: the First Assistant Resident, Bushire (A P Trevor); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Percy Zachariah Cox; the Political Agent, Kuwait (William Henry Irvine Shakespear); the Political Agent, Bahrain (C F Mackenzie and David Lockhart Robertson Lorimer); and the Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department (S H Butler).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 91; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-90; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: Enclosures no. 2-15 to a despatch from the Secret Department, Bombay [Mumbai] Castle, dated 15 March 1848. The enclosures are dated 14 December 1847-7 March 1848. The enclosures consist of copies of correspondence relating to affairs in the Persian Gulf and the possible intentions of the Sublime Porte [Government of the Ottoman Empire] to extend its influence in the Gulf. Many of the topics discussed in the correspondence relate to Bahrein [Bahrain], believed to be the Porte’s primary target in the Gulf, including:Possible closer relations between Britain and Shaik Mahomed bin Khuleefa [Shaikh Muhammed bin Khalifah Al Khalifah], Chief of BahreinPossible French support for Shaik Abdoollah bin Amed [Shaikh Abdullah bin Ahmad Al Khalifah], exiled former Chief of BahreinThe aftermath of the death of Shaik Esai bin Tareef [Shaikh ‘Isa bin Tarif al-‘Utbi], Chief of Al-Bida [Doha], in battle against Bahrein in November 1847A Bahraini ship running aground off the coast of Amulgavine [Umm al-Qaywayn].Other topics discussed include:The increasingly close diplomatic relations between France and Persia [Iran]A reconciliation between Sheikh Sultan bin Suggur [Shaikh Sultan bin Saqr al-Qasimi, Ruler of Sharjah and Ra's al-Khaymah] and his sons Ibraheem [Ibrahim] and AbdullahPeace negotiations between Debaie [Dubai] and Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi].The correspondents are: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Government of India; and the Native Agent, Sharjah.Physical description: 1 item (27 folios)
Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Captain Samuel Hennell, British Resident in the Persian Gulf; Shaik Syf bin Ahmed boo Hindi [Shaikh Sayf bin Ahmed Abu Hindi], chief of Nabend [Ras Naband]. It is the first in a series of four items concerning the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2100/98233, 98234, and 98235).The item concerns disputes in the Persian Gulf between:Shaik Abdoollah bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullah bin Ahmad Al Khalifah], ex-chief of Bahrein [Bahrain], and Shaik Mahomed bin Khuleifa [Shaikh Muhammed bin Khalifah Al Khalifah], the current ruler of Bahrain, over the seizure of Bahraini boats by Abdoollah bin AhmedThe people of Debaye [Dubai] and the people of Shargah [Sharjah] over the seizure of property by inhabitants of DebayeSheik Abdool Azeez bin Rashid [Shaikh ‘Abd al-‘Aziz bin Rashid Al Nu’aimi, Shaikh of Ajman], and Sultan bin Suggur [Shaikh Sultan I bin Saqr al-Qasimi, Shaikh of Ra’s al-Khaymah], over the plunder of a boat from Ejman [Ajman]Shaik Syf bin Ahmed and Abdoollah bin Ahmed, who is his guest.The item also concerns:The conduct of vessels carrying British colours and passes leaving Bushire [Bushehr]The collection of forces at Muscat in preparation for an expedition to ZanzibarThe payment of a pension to the son of the late Native Agent at Shiraz, Mirza Juwad [Jawad].The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 683, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4878, [Season 18]45’, ‘Vol: 1’, ‘Collection No 9 of No 99’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 296 and terminates at f 316, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2203/108134. The correspondent is Major Samuel Hennell, British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf. It is the twenty-second in a series of thirty items.The item concerns:The decision of the Amaeer tribe [al-‘Amāyir] to place themselves under the authority of Ameer Fysul [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd, Emir of Najd] instead of Bahrein [Bahrain]A request by Esai bin Tareef, Shaik of Bidda [‘Īsá bin Ḥamad bin Ṭarīf Āl Bin ‘Alī al-‘Utbī, Shaikh of al-Bid’] that Hennell return two boats to his subjects, which had been captured by Commander John Croft Hawkins, Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf, off Asseloo [Bandar-e Asaluyeh] in reparation for ‘piratical’ actions of the people of Asseloo.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 700/47, Collection No 18 of No 49’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 756, and terminates at f 759 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2203/108134. The correspondent is Major Samuel Hennell, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf. It is the thirteenth in a series of thirty items.The item concerns the continuing dispute between Bahrein [Bahrain] and Kateef [Qatif], and the Bahraini blockade of Kateef. Relations between Bahrein and the Amaeer tribe [al-‘Amāyir] are also discussed.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 700/47, Coll[ection]: 18, Collection No 1 of No 49’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 710, and terminates at f 712 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The main correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Captain Samuel Hennell, British Resident in the Persian Gulf. It is the third in a series of four items concerning the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2100/98232, 98233, and 98235).The item concerns:A dispute between Sheik Abdool Azeez bin Rashid [Shaikh ‘Abd al-‘Aziz bin Rashid Al Nu’aimi, Shaikh of Ajman], and Sultan bin Suggur [Shaikh Sultan I bin Saqr al-Qasimi, Shaikh of Ra’s al-Khaymah], over the plunder of a boat from Ejman [Ajman]A dispute between Shaik Abdoollah bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullah bin Ahmad Al Khalifah], ex-chief of Bahrain, and Shaik Mahomed bin Khuleifa [Shaikh Muhammed bin Khalifah Al Khalifah], the current ruler of Bahrain, over the seizure of Bahraini boats by Abdoollah bin AhmedThe actions of Syed Sooweny [Sayyid Thuwaini bin Sa‘id Al Bu Sa‘id, acting ruler of Muscat] at Muscat, including seizing cargoThe complaints of Shaik Khuleefa bin Shakboot [Shaikh Khalifah bin Shakhbut Al Nahyan, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi] that one of his boats and its cargo was seized by the Governor of the Chaab [Banu Ka'b]Three prisoners being transported to Tehran, having been accused of the murder of the widow of Mirza Juwad [Jawad], the late Native Agent at ShirazA pension for the son of Mirza JuwadThe ill-treatment of the pilot at Bushire [Bushehr] by William Litchfield, commanding officer of the East India Company Schooner
Emily.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 683, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4878, [Season 18]45’, ‘Vol: 3’, ‘Collection No 9 of No 24’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 350 and terminates at f 384, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; the Government of India; Major Samuel Hennell, British Resident in the Persian Gulf; Colonel Justin Sheil, Her Majesty’s Chargé d’Affaires at Tehran; and Shaik Abdoolla bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah], ex-Chief of Bahrein [Bahrain]. It is the ninth in a series of twenty items on the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2180/106055, IOR/F/4/2180/106056, IOR/F/4/2180/106057, IOR/F/4/2180/106058, IOR/F/4/2180/106059, IOR/F/4/2180/106060, IOR/F/4/2181/106061, IOR/F/4/2181/106062, IOR/F/4/2181/106064, IOR/F/4/2181/106065, IOR/F/4/2181/106066, IOR/F/4/2181/106067, IOR/F/4/2181/106068, IOR/F/4/2181/106069, IOR/F/4/2181/106070, IOR/F/4/2181/106071, IOR/F/4/2181/106072, IOR/F/4/2181/106073, and IOR/F/4/2181/106074).The item concerns an invitation made by Sheik Nasir of Bushire [Shaikh Nāṣir II Āl Mazkūr, Shaikh of Bushehr] at the behest of the Governor of Fars [Muḥammad Ḥusayn Khān Muqaddam Marāgha'i], to invite Shaik Abdoolla bin Ahmed, ex-chief of Bahrein, to reside at Bushire, and Shaik Abdoolla’s initial acceptance, and then refusal of the offer.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 282/47, P.C. [Previous Communication] 5573, Coll[ection]: 10, Collection No 2 of No 11’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 35, and terminates at f 56, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2280/116915. The correspondent is Major Samuel Hennell, British Resident in the Persian Gulf. It is the fifth in a series of five items on the trade in enslaved people.The item concerns the request of the Court of Directors of the East India Company that Hennell forward them copies of the treaties between the British and the shaikhs of the Arabian Coast of the Persian Gulf concerning the trade in enslaved people. Copies of the treaties in English and Arabic with the following shaikhs are included:Shaik Sultan bin Suggur Chief of Ras el Khymah and Shargah [Shaikh Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī, Shaikh of Ra’s al-Khaymah and Sharjah]Shaik Abdoollah bin Rashid Shaik of Amulgavine [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Rāshid al-Mu’allā, Shaikh of Umm al-Qaywayn]Sheik Abdool Azeez ben Rashid, Chief of Ejmaun [Shaikh ‘Abd al-‘Aziz bin Rāshid al-Na‘īmī, Shaikh of Ajman]Sheik Muktoom ben Buttye, Chief of Debaye [Shaikh Maktūm I bin Buṭṭī Āl Bū Falāseh, Shaikh of Dubai]Shaik Saeed bin Tahnoon, Shaik of the Beniyas, Chief of Aboothabee [Shaikh Sa‘īd bin Ṭaḥnūn Āl Nahyān, Chief of the Banī Yās, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi]Sheik Mahomed bin Khuleefa Chief of Bahrein [Shaikh Muḥammed bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah, Shaikh of Bahrain].The item contains a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft no 154/49’, and ‘Collection No 1 of No 160’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 441, and terminates at f 457 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, resolutions, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The main correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Captain Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Captain Anthony Nott, Senior Officer in Command of the Indian Navy in the Persian Gulf. It is the second in a series of seven items on affairs of the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2077/95829, IOR/F/4/2077/95831, IOR/F/4/2077/95832, IOR/F/4/2077/95833, IOR/F/4/2077/95834, and IOR/F/4/2077/95835).The item concerns:The seizure of the acting Governor of Bushire [Bushehr] and the Governor of Rohilla [Rūd Ḥillah] for their failure to pay a debt owed to the Persian garrison of BushireThe siege of Demaun [Dammam] by Ameer Fysul [Amir Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd]Disturbances at Shiraz caused by an attempt to oust the current Governor of Fars, Ameer Mirza Nubbee Khan [Amir Divan Mirza Nabī Khan Qazwīnī]The reinstatement of Mirza Reza as Acting Native Agent at ShirazThe movements of East India Company schooner
Mahi,and East India Company sloops of war
Cooteand
Elphinstone.A complaint by the Imam of Muscat [Sayyid Sa'īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa'īd] about the increase in customs duty at Mauritius.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 78, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4624, [Season 18]45’, ‘Collection No 8 of No 30’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 157 and terminates at f 189, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.