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1. 'XX/7 Vernacular Newspapers & periodicals, Extracts from & Pan-Islamism.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises correspondence, letters, notes and printed reports relating to translated articles from various Arabic language media. The articles are written from an anti-British view point and relate to the topic of British strategy concerning Kuwait and Mohammerah and the perceived intention to diminish the Ottoman Sultan's influence.The papers in the file are divided into 7 parts:extract from Al Ahram, Cairo, 16 September 1904. This concerns an article entitled 'Arabia: From our special correspondent in Muscat' which gave comments on English policy towards Kuwait and Iraq. British officials indicate that they believe this was written by a Frenchman residing in Muscat, Monsieur Goguyer.anti-British Arabic leaflet, Fath-el-Basayer.Section 2. Translations of articles in the Habl-ul-Matin, April and May 1906.Section 3. Pan-Islamic propaganda. Including a circular memorandum from the Office of the Director of Criminal Intelligence.Section 4. Extract from " Busrah Gazette", 23 August 1906 on Shaikh Mubarak's contribution to the Hedjaz Railway.Section 5. Extract from Lewa, Cairo, 25 June 1908, 'The Mesopotamia Problem' looking at the Kuwait and Mohammerah intrigue and the British response.The principal correspondents in the volume are: the Political Agent at Kuwait, Stuart George Knox; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Percy Zachariah Cox; First Assistant Resident to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, J H Bill; Office of the Director of Criminal Intelligence; Foreign Office, Simla; John Gordon Lorimer.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 35; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are also present in parallel between ff 2-31, and ff 2-34; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
2. 'MUSCAT.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume is comprised of printed telegrams between Viceroy of India Lord Curzon, the Secretary of State for India, and other British officials, concerning the Muscat (also spelled Maskat in places) question. This revolved around the issue of the leasing by the Sultan of Muscat of a bay at Bunder Jisseh [Bandar Jissah] near Muscat as a coaling station for the French.Topics discussed include:The lease by the Sultan of Muscat Sultan Faisal bin Turki [Sultan Fayṣal bin Turkī] of Bundar Jisseh for a coaling station to the FrenchThe British response to this including the despatch of gun boats and drawing up of an ultimatumQuestions concerning the 1891 agreement between Britain and the Sultan of MuscatThe withholding of a subsidy until Sultan Faisal exhibited behaviour compliant to Britain’s demands.Principal correspondents are: Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Arnold Kemball, Political Resident, Persian Gulf; Lord Curzon, Viceroy of India; Secretary of State for India; and the Political Agent, Muscat.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 291; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
3. Coll 28/2 ‘Persia. Anti-British propaganda in: Case of Sewa Singh & propaganda in East Persia.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Papers relating to anti-British and pro-Communist activities in East Persia [Iran]. The file consists of reports from British administrators in the region, on the activities of individuals suspected of being involved in anti-British activities, or disseminating anti-British materials:Reports concerning a number individuals reported to be agitating amongst the population in East Persia, including Sewa Singh (mentioned in the file title, who should not be confused with Sewa Singh Thikriwala) who was finally expelled from the country by the Persian authorities.Reports regarding the Soviet Consulate in Sistan, its activities and associates, and reports that the Consulate was being used as a communications channel between Russia and India, via the railway running south through Duzdap [Zahedan].Speculation and reports on the connections of individuals in East Persia with the Ghadr (or Ghadar) Party, based in San Francisco, USA.A review of the mail contract running between Nok Kundi and Mirjawa [Mīrjāveh], in response to reports of the contractor’s connections with the Ghadr Party.Arrangements for the detention, seizure of passports, and expulsion from Persia of suspected agitators.The file’s principal correspondents are: the British Consul at Sistan and Kain [Kā’īn] (Major Clive Kirkpatrick Daly); the Deputy Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign and Political Department.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 157; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which exists between ff 2-156 and is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
4. File 3136/1914 Pt 4 ‘German War. Egyptian situation’
- Description:
- Abstract: Papers relating to Britain’s position in Egypt at the beginning of the First World War. The papers cover: behind-the-scenes diplomatic negotiations between British Government officials and Arab and Muslim representatives; reports of anti-British or Egyptian-nationalist propaganda, much of which emanated from neutral Switzerland; and actions against British or Egyptian interests, undertaken by individuals associated with the German or Turkish Governments (Government officials, military officers, secret agents). Subjects covered include:The capture and interrogation of Robert Casimir Otto Mors, a German citizen who was a Lieutenant in the Alexandria City Police, and who had been recruited as a German secret agent with plans to coordinate a bombing campaign against British interests in Egypt. Papers include transcripts of interrogations and interviews with Mors (ff 315-323, ff 326-336).The activities and publications of the Club des Patriotes Egyptiens and its leader Dr M M Rifaat [Mansour Rifa’at], in Geneva, Switzerland. Papers include a pamphlet (in French) entitled L’Angleterre en decadence,published by the Club des Patriotes Egyptiens in July 1914, written by Professor L F Hoffmann, with a foreword by Rifaat (ff 250-280).A report entitled Turkish Military Preparations and Political Intrigues having an attack on Egypt as their object, written by Philip Perceval Graves, former Timescorrespondent in Constantinople (ff 189-206).Correspondence and reports relating to the situation in the western desert (Libyan desert), including a report entitled Notes on the Senussi Question, written by Wilfred Jennings Bramly, and letters exchanged between the British Government and Senussi leader El Sayed Ahmed El Sherif El Senussi [Ahmed Sharif As-Senussi] (ff 145-177).Correspondence exchanged between British Government officials and Aga Khan [Sultan Muhammad Shah, Aga Khan III]. Papers include a note On the Situation in Egypt, co-authored by Aga Khan and M Abbas Ali Baig (ff 96-126).Correspondence regarding Egyptians living in Switzerland, who are regarded by the British Government as being ‘agitators’ (ff 37-46).Correspondence concerning an alleged plot to assassinate the Sultan of Egypt (ff 20-27).Principal correspondents include: the Counsellor of the British Embassy at Cairo (Milne Cheetham); the British Envoy to the Swiss Confederation (Evelyn Grant-Duff); the Foreign Office (Louis du Pan Mallet); Aga Khan III (Sultan Mohammad Shah).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 370; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
5. File 3136/1914 Pt 7 ‘German War. Turkey. Situation in Egypt &c.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Papers concerning Britain’s declaration of Egypt as a British Protectorate in November 1914. The volume includes:Correspondence relating to Britain’s annexation of Cyprus in November 1914, and the status of Cypriots and Egyptians in Cyprus as British subjects (ff 120-125).Papers concerning the status of Egyptians as British subjects (ff 116-119, ff 78-83), including Foreign Office guidance on the new Egyptian Nationality Law, dated 9 June 1915 (f 83).Copies of two proclamations (undated, both translations in English) addressed to the ‘People of Egypt’ (ff 102-115, ff 87-99), one of which claims to have been authored by the Senoussi [Senussi]. The proclamations are responses to Britain’s declaration of Egypt as a British protectorate.Translated documents taken from prisoners on patrols of the Bir Mahadat [Bi’r al Mahdāt], which are anti-British in rhetoric (ff 73-77).A copy of an intercepted letter (in French), dated 26 December 1915, addressed to Mohammed Farid Bey [Muḥammad Farīd], and presumed by British intelligence officials to have been written by Abdul Aziz Shawish [‘Abd al-‘Azīz Shāwīsh] (ff 61-65).Secret reports from MI1 (Military Intelligence, Section 1), reporting intelligence relating to Egypt, Turkey and Germany (ff 47-58).Papers reporting on the movements and actions in 1917 of the ex-Khedive of Egypt [‘Abbās Ḥilmī Pasha], including his relations with Turkish officials (ff 5-36).The volume’s principal correspondents are: the British Ambassador at Berne, Switzerland (Evelyn Mountstuart Grant Duff, Horace George Montagu Rumbold); the Foreign Office (chiefly Ralph Spencer Paget); the India Office (Arthur Hirtzel, John Evelyn Shuckburgh).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 126; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
6. File 364/1913 'Persia: situation in Fars (attack on 39th Central India Horse)'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, notes, and reports relating to an attack by Bakhtiari tribesmen on a party of the 39th Central India Horse regiment and the killing of a British officer. The discussion in the volume relates to the implications for the British relationship with the Persian Government and options for restoring British prestige including use of military force.Included in the volume (folios 12-16) is a copy of the 'Report of an attack on a party of the 39th Central India Horse on the 11th December 1912. Resulting in the death of Captain A. B. Eckford' (Delhi, Superintendent Government Printing, Delhi, 1913).Principal correspondents include: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Percy Zachariah Cox; the Viceroy; Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Sir Edward Grey; the Under Secretary of State, Foreign Office; HM Minister to Tehran, Sir George Head Barclay, Commanding Officer, 39th King George's Own Central India Horse.The volume includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, year the subject file was opened, subject heading, and list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 259; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.