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1. '14/86 ATTACK ON AJMAN AND MURDER OF THE CHIEF AND SUCCESSION ETC.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file relates mainly to the issues of succession in Ajman and some other Trucial States. The main correspondents are the Residency Agent, Sharjah; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Under Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department; and Shaikh Sultan bin Salem, Ruler of Ras al Khaimah.Correspondence discusses the implications of recognizing a shaikh who has aquired position through force and whether it is necessary for a new shaikh to sign the agreements with the British relating to maritime peace. Correspondence also discusses how Shaikh Abdul Aziz bin Homeid, Chief of Ajman was murdered by his slave and was succeeded by his son who accepted the obligations of the British agreements.Physical description: Foliation: There is a foliation sequence, which is written in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. This sequence begins on the third folio after the front cover, on number 1, and ends on the last folio with text, on number 90. It should be noted that f.77 is followed by f.77A; the sequence then resumes on f.78. This is the sequence used by this catalogue to reference items within the file.Pagination: There is an incomplete pagination sequence, which is written in red and blue crayon and also in pencil, in the top right-hand corners of the rectos and in the top left-hand corners of the versos.
2. '14/88 II B 30 Tanb Island'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence between British officials in London, Delhi, Bushire, Bahrain, Sharjah, and Tehran over the status of several islands in the Gulf: Tanb [Greater Tumb], Little Tanb [Lesser Tumb], Abu Musa and Sirri [Jazīreh-ye Sīrrī]. The main correspondents are the Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf; the Political Resident Persian Gulf; Shaikh Sultan bin Salim, ruler of Ras al-Khaimah; H.M. Minister, Teheran; H.M. Secretary of State for India; H.M. Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.The correspondence discusses how the Persian Government claimed these islands and the British maintained they were defending the rights of the sheikhs of Trucial Oman. Also discussed is the building of a light house on Tanb Island and the presence of red oxide on the island. The majority of the correspondence is in English but the file also includes letters in Arabic. These carry the stamp 'British Agency Trucial Oman'. Most of the correspondence is in the date range 1933-1934. One letter describes how in 1933 a Persian man-of-war Palangvisited the island without prior notification and correspondence discusses correct protocol to be followed; correspondence also discusses how the behaviour of the Persian Government was not compatible with their position as signatories of the Covenant of the League of Nations and the Kellog Pact; also includes a statement of a 'Nakhuda' on the seizing of a boat by Persian ship Palang. The file concerns the British defence of the rights of the sheikhs of Trucial Oman and rights to mining of red oxide. One letter reminds the ruler of Ras al-Khaimah that he is not to lease any part of his territory without permission of the British government.Physical description: 1 volume (207 folios)
3. '14/88 III B 33 Tamb Island'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence relating to the islands of Bahrain, Tanb (also written as Tamb) [Greater and Lesser Tumb] and Abu Musa in the context of the Persian claim to these islands. The main correspondents are Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf; Political Resident Persian Gulf (Trenchard Craven Fowle); H.M. Minister, Tehran (Hughe Knatchbull-Hugessen); Under Secretary of State, Foreign Office (John Charles Walton); Sheikh Sultan bin Salim, ruler of Ras al Khaimah Topics of letters include:The attitude of Shaikh Sultan bin Salim, the ruler of Ras al Khaimah.The British approach to a possible Persian claim over Bahrain at the Council of League of Nations.Interception of letters from the Persian Governement to the local shaikh at Tanb.Account of a conversation between a French Admiral (Contre-Amiral Rivet) and the Shaikh of Ras al Khaimah.A firman contained in a envelope (folio 179a).The removal and replacement of the Ras al Khaimah flag on Tanb.Physical description: Foliation. The foliation sequences runs from the front cover to last folio, and consists of small circled numbers, located in the top right corner of the recto of each folio.
4. '14/102 I Sir Abu Nu`air'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence relating to the island of Sir Abu Nu'ayr[Şīr Bū Nu‘ayr],its use and ownership. It consists mainly of letters in Arabic with English translations. The main correspondents are Shaikh Za'id bin Khalifah, Chief of Abu Dhabi; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Residency Agent, Sharjah. Most of the correspondence is dated 1902 or 1933; there are also copies of letters from 1921 which discuss the building of a water supply for divers. Letters discuss how the Shaikh of Sharjah claimed the island and the concerns of Shaikh Za'id bin Khalifah of Abu Dhabi over this claim. Issues discussed are whether the islands have remained uninhabited and whether a settlement could be a threat to Abu Dhabi and lead to a breach of the maritime peace. One letter discusses how the sale of salt from the island supports the claim of Sharjah.Physical description: Foliation. The foliation sequence starts on front cover and continues to back cover. It consists of uncircled numbers in the top right-hand corner.
5. '14/115 I Abu Musa and Tamb. 1903-1904.'
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence concerning Persian claims to sovereignty over the islands of Sirri, Abu Musa and Tunb [Greater and Lower Tumb] and the competing claim of the Shaikh of Sharjah. Correspondence discusses the erecting of flagstaffs by the Persians and also the Belgians. Correspondents include the Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department; Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf; Shaikh Suggar, Sharjah; Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifah, Chief of Abu Dhabi; Sheikh Maktoom, Chief of Dubai.Physical description: Foliation: Starts on first page of writing, which is the index on the inside cover and concludes on the back cover. Consists of circled pencil numbers, located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio.
6. '14/115 IV B. 7. Abu Musa'
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence concerning Abu Musa island. Correspondence discusses British memorandum of 1908; the German case relating to their mining operations; the Persian claim to Abu Musa, Sirri and Tunb [Tumb]; the role of Hassan bin Samaiyah and the contract with the German company Wonckhaus. Corrrespondents include the Political Resident Persian Gulf; Frank C. Strick and Co.; German Consulate, Bandar Abbas; H.M. Consulate Bandar Abbas; Deputy Secretary to the Government of India; Khan Bakadur Abdur Latif [Khan Bahadur Abd al-Latif], Residency Agent Sharjah; Khalid bin Ahmad, Sheikh of Sharjah.Physical description: This volume has three foliation sequences. The first begins with the first letter and runs from number 1 through to number 55. There follows a gap of one folio, and then a second foliation sequence starts on the verso side of what would have been number 56 in the first foliation sequence. This sequence is inconsistent in that it is paginated from number 56 up to number 109, where it then lapses back into foliation and runs through to number 332, the last typescript folio. The third and most recent foliation sequence begins on the first typescript folio, which is loose. It runs from number 1 through to number 281, which is the inside of the back cover. It should be noted that folio 60 in this sequence is followed by folio 60 A, which is then followed by number 61. The first foliation sequence is written in blue and red crayon, in the top right corner of each folio. The second foliation sequence (which contains some pagination) is written in pencil, in the top right corner of each folio (and in the top left corner of the verso side of those folios that are paginated). The third foliation sequence, which should be used for cataloguing, is written and circled in pencil, in the top right corner of each folio.
7. '14/172 I VOL. B. 68. ARAB COASTS & MISCELLANEOUS'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains reports and correspondence relating to the ownership of some islands in the Gulf, namely, the islands of Farsi, Arabi, Harqus, Al Karan and Al Kurain. The reports and correspondence are mainly between the India Office, London; the Foreign Office, London; Political Resident Persian Gulf, Political Agent Kuwait; Political Agent Bahrain; the Anglo Persian Oil Company. The discussion over the territorial status bears on whether the islands would come in the concession area of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company or Kuwait. One letter notes that if the ownership of the islands is undetermined up until that point this was of no importance; however, with the possibility that they may contain oil it was now imperative that they should belong to either Her Majesty's Government or to Kuwait rather than a foreign power. Therefore, the Shaikh of Kuwait is encouraged to erect beacons on some of the islands to support his claim to ownership. As the British were keen to avoid territorial disputes with Persia this was thought more unobtrusive than the raising of flags. There is also discussion over the island of Hawar and whether it belonged to Bahrain or Qatar.It also includes a translation of a letter from Shaikh Hamdan bin Zayed [Shaikh of Abu Dhabi] to Colonel Stuart Geoge Knox, Political Resident Persian Gulf, a small hand drawn sketch map showing location of a village on Dalma Island with H.M.S. Foxanchorage position (folio 3), and a table on sources of oil supply to Britain in the years 1935, 1936 and 1937.Physical description: Foliation: The sequence consists of small circled numbers located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio, commencing on the first full page of text.
8. 'B. 56. Confidential 86/14 - v. BAHRAIN UNALLOTED AREA.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises correspondence between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Trenchard Craven Fowle), the Political Agent at Bahrain (Hugh Weightman), the India Office (Roland Tennyson Peel, John Percival Gibson), the Secretary to the Government of India, External Affairs Department (Sir Aubrey Metcalfe), the Shaikh of Bahrain (Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah), Bahrain Petroleum Company (Hamilton R Ballantyne, Fred A Davies, Max W Thornburg), and Petroleum Concessions Limited (Frank Holmes, John Skliros) regarding the Shaikh of Bahrain’s proposal to grant a concession for the whole of the unallotted area, including the Hawar Islands, to the Bahrain Petroleum Company and His Majesty’s Government’s approval of the proposal.Following on from the approval of the proposal to grant a concession to the Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO) the correspondence focuses on discussion around the proposed agreement, to take the form of a deed of modification to BAPCO’s 1934 lease and the political agreement which would accompany the concession. The main areas of discussion including the definition of the area the concession would cover, and the need to include a pre-emption clause in the political agreement. Copies, in Arabic and English, of the draft deed of modification (ff 146-161, 170-180, 218-227) and draft political agreement (ff 133-139) are included in the volume.Also discussed in the volume is the conclusion of the sovereignty question relating to the Hawar Islands following the submission by the Shaikh of Qatar (Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Jāsim Āl Thānī) of a response to the counter-claims made by the Shaikh of Bahrain. On reviewing both claims and supporting evidence His Majesty’s Government's final decision was that islands belonged to Bahrain and not Qatar.Also included in the volume are copies of draft concession agreements put forward by Petroleum Concessions Limited including one for the Hawar Islands (ff 8-26) and one for the waters and islands of Bahrain, described as the shoal area (ff 44-65).A series of file notes which were maintained as a record of the correspondence in the volume can be found at folios 242-248Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 253; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 6-241; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
9. ‘Proceedings of the Persian Government in the neighbourhood of Bunder Abbass’
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosures no. 2-7 to a despatch from the Secret Department, Bombay [Mumbai] Castle, dated 15 March 1848. The enclosures are dated 24 October 1847-11 March 1848. The enclosures consist of copies of correspondence relating to Persian [Iranian] threats to re-take control of Bunder Abbass [Bandar Abbas] from the Imam of Muscat, including shows of force by Fayl Alee Khan [Fazl Ali Khan], Governor of Kerman. The correspondents are: the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Persia; the Prime Minister of Persia; the Government of India; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; and the Governor of Bunder Abbass.Physical description: 1 item (13 folios)
10. 'Despatches from HM's Envoy in Persia'
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosure nos. 2-3 to a despatch from the Secret Department, Government of Bombay [Mumbai], dated 9 March 1848. The enclosures are dated 10-20 January 1852.The enclosures consist of copies of correspondence relating to affairs in Persia [Iran], including:The removal of Meerxa Tekkee Khan [Mīrzā Taqī Khān Farāhānī, also known as Amir Kabir], the Ameer Nizam [Amir-e Nezam], as Prime Minister, his arrest, and his request to the British for protectionA ruling that inheritance disputes between Muslim and non-Muslin heirs will subsequently be decided in the Royal CourtA visit by HM Chargé d’Affaires to the Russian-occupied island of Ashoorada [Ashuradeh]Construction of forts in Asterabad [Gorgon] as defence against Toorkoman [Turkoman] incursions. A map of the forts is included on folio 412Anglo-Russian mediation over Persian-Ottoman border disputes, including the construction of an Ottoman fort at Katoor [Qotur] and outposts near Khoee [Khoy], and Persian occupation of the island of Mehellat [Minu] in the Shut-ool Arab [Shatt al-Arab]An attempt to overthrow Syd Mahomed Khan [Sayyid Muḥammad Khān ‘Alī Kūzāy, Governor of Herat] by his exiled predecessor Yar Mahomed Khan [Yār Muḥammad Khān ‘Alī Kūzāy], and a Persian offer of assistance to Syd Mahomed.The primary correspondents are: the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Persia; HM Chargé d’Affaires, Persia; the Prime Minister of Persia; the Foreign Minister of Persia; and the Russian Minister Plenipotentiary to Persia.The item contains two folios in French, ff 383 and 387, letters from the Russian Minister Plenipotentiary.Physical description: 1 item (73 folios)
11. 'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps]
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume relates to the arbitration concerning Buraimi [Al Buraymī] and the common frontier between Abu Dhabi and Sa'ūdi Arabia. The main body of text is a publication, which is introduced as being a '[M]emorial submitted by the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland'. The memorial, which was submitted to the arbitration tribunal, begins with an introduction and a copy of the Arbitration Agreement, concluded at Jedda [Jeddah] on 30 July 1954 and titled as follows: 'Arbitration Agreement Between the Government of the United Kingdom (Acting on Behalf of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi and His Highness Sultan Said bin Taimur) and the Government of Saudi Arabia' (ff 8-10). The memorial itself is divided into two halves: vol I and vol II. Vol I (ff 10-83) provides an overview of the dispute, which is structured as follows:'Part I: The Nature of the Dispute Submitted to the Tribunal' (ff 10-14)'Part II: Topographical Description of the Two Areas in Dispute' (ff 14-17)'Part III: Historical Bases of the Claims of the Rulers of Abu Dhabi and the Sultan of Muscat to the Areas in Dispute' (ff 18-30)'Part IV: The Economy of the Disputed Areas' (ff 30-32)'Part V: The Tribes' (ff 33-39)'Part VI: The Exercise of Jurisdiction' (ff 40-44)'Part VII: Sa'ūdi Pretensions to an Ancestral Claim to Territories in Eastern Arabia' (ff 44-46)'Part VIII: Revival of the Sa'ūdi Dynasty After 1900, and the Subsequent Development of the Dispute' (ff 47-62)'Part IX: The Contentions of the Government of the United Kingdom in Regard to the Burden of Proof…' (ff 62-64)'Part X: The Contentions of the Government of the United Kingdom in Regard to the Factors Mentioned in Article IV of the Arbitration Agreement' (ff 65-83)'Part XI: Final Submissions of the Government of the United Kingdom Acting on Behalf of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi and His Highness the Sultān Sa‘īd bin Taymūr' (f 83v).Vol II of the memorial (ff 84-254) is formed of thirteen annexes, which include the following: copies of texts of relevant treaties and engagements; copies of British documents relating to the history of Abu Dhabi and of the Buraimi Zone; copies of correspondence and documents relating to the development of the dispute; information about Līwa and the Buraimi Oasis; evidence concerning the exercise of jurisdiction by the Ruler of Abu Dhabi over the coast of the disputed area and the adjacent islands; notes on various tribes based in the disputed area; genealogical tables of the Rulers of Abu Dhabi, Muscat and 'Omān, and Najd.The volume concludes with a series of maps (some of which are photocopies and are reduced in size), relating to the disputed area (ff 256-264). It should be noted that Map B is not present. However, included with the other maps is a gazetteer of place names (ff 265-268), in which each place name is given map co-ordinates, presumably referring to positions on the missing Map B. Written in pencil on the first page is the following note: 'Evaluates Map B'.In addition, a small sketch map of Arabia appears at the beginning of the volume (f 4).The Arabic material consists of some text in a couple of the maps found at the rear of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio, which is contained within a pouch attached to the inside back cover, with 268; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
12. ‘Persian Gulf – Affairs of. Vol: 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai], containing some extracts of letters from the Court of Directors of the East India Company. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of six items on the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2005/89511, IOR/F/4/2005/89512, IOR/F/4/2005/89513, IOR/F/4/2005/89514, and IOR/F/4/2006/89515).The item concerns:A projected attack on Bahrein [Bahrain] by Essa bin Tureef [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin Ḥamad bin Ṭarīf Āl Bin ‘Alī al-‘Utbī]A dispute between Sultan bin Suggur of Russal Khyma [Shaikh Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī of Ra’s al-Khaymah] and Abdoolla bin Rashid of Amulgavine [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Rāshid al-Mu‘allā of Umm al-Qaywayn]The movement of the Residency in the Persian Gulf from Karrack [Jazireh-ye Khark] to Bushire [Bushehr], with details of staffing changesThe abolition of the British Agency at Lingah [Bandar-e Lengeh]Incursions by inland tribes onto the territory of the Shaikh of SoharThe attempt of six passengers to seize control of a trading baghlah and their capture at Cheroo [Bandar-e Chiru]Minor incidents of ‘piracy’.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 612/43, P.C. [Previous Communication] 3902, Collection No 11 in 6 vols’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 759 and terminates at f 788, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.