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1. 'File 9/7 Report on Trade Conditions in Persian Gulf'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains a report compiled by the Vice-Consul at Bushire, J G Baillie, on a commercial tour of the Arab Coast of the Persian Gulf. The report focusses on trade; in particular: the importance of Bahrain; the abundance of cheap Japanese goods (cotton, silk and pearls), which has been damaging the local production; the poverty of the locals; British commercial interests (Imperial Airways); the blockade of Kuwait by Ibn Saud; the import of motors and goods from Britain and the USA; and currency. The file also contains correspondence between the Political Agent in Kuwait and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, regarding the establishment of a depot for American oil machinery at Basra.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 18; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-16; these numbers are also written in pencil, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence, but they are not circled.
2. ‘Administration Report on the Persian Gulf Political Residency and Maskat Political Agency for 1904-1905’
- Description:
- Abstract: Administration Report on the Persian Gulf Residency and Maskat [Muscat] Political Agency for 1904-1905, published by the Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India (Calcutta).The report is divided into a number of parts:1. General Summary, prepared by Major Percy Zachariah Cox, Officiating Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (pages 1D-16), including reports on: the year’s rainfall and harvest, governorship of Bushire; public peace and tranquillity in and around Bushire; quarantine and public health, with details of plague and cholera epidemics in the region; administration of customs in the Persian Gulf, including new posts created in the Imperial Customs Administration; postal service; events in the ports of the Trucial coast, including an assessment of the year’s pearling season, comments about the character of each ruling shaikh’s administration, changes of rulers, visits made on shaikhs by the Resident; events in Bahrain [referred to as Bahrein], including the taking over of Political Agent’s duties by Captain Francis Beville Prideaux from John Calcott Gaskin, assessment of the year’s pearling season, the character of Shaikh Esa’s [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin ‘Alī Āl Khalīfah] administration, and unrest and violent incidents; unsafe conditions and customs at El Hassa [Al-Hasa] and El Katif [Al-Qaṭīf]; events in Koweit [Kuwait] and Nejd, including Captain Stuart George Knox’s appointment as Political Agent for Kuwait, Ibn Saood’s [Ibn Sa‘ūd] territorial gains in Nejd, and subsequent meetings between Wahhābī and Turkish representatives, and friction between Turkish officials and Shaikh Mubarak bin Ṣabāḥ Āl Ṣabāḥ’s Land Agent over the Shaikh’s date gardens; events in Persian Arabistan, including the appointment of governor, security in the region and violent incidents, including assaults on a Lieutenant Lorimer and Colonel Douglas; events in Kermānshāh, chiefly the appointments of British officials; events in Fārs and on the Persian coast, including restrictions on movement as a result of the cholera epidemic; events in Kermān and Persian Baluchistan, including the appointment of officials, epidemics of smallpox and cholera; the slave trade, with numbers of slaves freed; incidents of piracy; cases of arms trafficking; details of the Resident’s annual tour; the movements of British naval vessels, and changes of British and foreign official personnel. The appendix to part 1 contains statistical tables of meteorological data.2. Annual Administration Report of the Maskat[Muscat] Political Agency for the Year 1904-1905, prepared by Major William George Grey, Officiating Political Agent (pages 17-20) including reports on inter-tribal quarrels; the political situation in Muscat; the cholera epidemic; fires caused by the hot weather in Muscat; customs administration at Muscat, Soor [Sur] and Gwadur [Gwadar]; arms trafficking; rainfall; the acquisition and construction of new government buildings; the slave trade, including measures taken to suppress the trade, and numbers of slaves seeking manumission at Muscat; the marriage of the Sultan’s son, Sayyid Taimoor [Sa‘īd ibn Taymūr]; events at sea, including the wrecking of the British vessel Baron Inverdaleand the murder of its crew.3. Report on the Trade and Commerce of Bushire for the Year 1904, prepared by R A Richards, His Britannic Majesty’s Vice-Consul (pages 21-128), with general remarks on imports and exports, with additional notes on tea, wheat, and vegetables; rates of exchange for London and Bombay; cost of freight and transport; customs, and the effect of the new Customs Tariff on small traders; advice to shippers and steamship companies; and total figures on the numbers and tonnage of shipping at Bushire. Appendix A is comprised of tabular data showing trade figures for the years 1902-04, indicating: the value and quantities of all goods imported and exported between Bushire and England, and between Bushire and other countries in the world; imports and exports to and from to other ports in the Gulf, with details of the nationalities and tonnage of vessels, and volumes and values of the different categories of goods traded.4. Trade Report for Maskat[Muscat], 1904-05, prepared by Major William George Grey, Officiating Political Agent, Muscat (pages 129-32), with an overview of trade, included value of imports and exports, and chief items traded; and percentages of Muscat trade to other countries. Appendix A includes tabular data of imports and exports into Muscat for the years 1902-04, indicating the quantities of goods and their value in dollars, and the tonnage and nationality of vessels visiting Muscat.5. Report on the Trade and Commerce of Arabistan for the Year 1904, prepared by William McDouall, His Britannic Majesty’s Consul for Arabistan (pages 133-40), with a general overview of trade; rate of exchange; shipping; details of the local cotton trade, caravan trade routes; agriculture (wheat, dates and wool); public works; health; and customs. Appendix A contains tabular data of trade into the port of Mohammerah [Khorramshahr] and other Kārūn ports for 1904.6. Trade Report of Bunder Abbas[Bandar-e ʻAbbās] for the Year 1904, prepared by Lieutenant William Henry Irvine Shakespear, His Majesty’s Britannic Consul, Bandar-e ʻAbbās (pages 141-49), including: general remarks on the year’s trade; customs tariff and duties; opportunities for British trade and the progress of rival trade; difficulties faced in trade at Bandar-e ʻAbbās, including a lack of banking facilities and inadequate landing and storage facilities; rate of exchange; freight; and shipping. Appendix A contains tabular data presenting comparative data on trade between the years 1903 and 1904, value of trade, and nationalities and tonnage of trading vessels at the port.7. Report on the Trade of the Bahrein[Bahrain] Islands for the Year 1904, prepared by Captain Francis Beville Prideaux, Assistant Political Agent (pages 150-56), with reports on trade, including: the activities of Messrs Gray Paul & Co. of London, and the German company of Robert Wonckhaus; trade in cotton, rice, coffee and dates; assessment of the pearl fishing season; export of oyster shells. Appendix A contains tabular data presenting an overview of Bahrain’s principal imports and exports during 1903-04.8. Trade Report for Koweit[Kuwait] , 1904-05, prepared by Captain Stuart George Knox, Political Agent (pages 157-62), including estimated figures for the year’s trade. Appendix A contains tabular data of import and exports at Kuwait for the year ending 31 March 1905. Appended to the trade report is a medical report, prepared by Daudur Rahman, Assistant Surgeon at Kuwait, dated 2 April 1905, which reports on the work of the Kuwait dispensary, with an overview of the prevalence of diseases in the town (including eye diseases, tuberculosis, rheumatism, skin diseases, venereal diseases, and cholera epidemic), sanitation measures, and mortality.Physical description: Foliation: The volume contains an original printed pagination sequence, which starts on the title page and ends on the last page; these numbers are located in the top outermost corners of each page. Additions to this sequence have been made in pencil to account for any pages not originally labelled. In consequence, the following pagination anomalies occur: 1, and 1A-D.
3. Coll 30/80 'Trade: Reports on Persian Gulf Market and trading possibilities'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains information on economic and trade conditions in the states located on the Arab side of the Persian Gulf, and discussion of the potential market there for British goods. The main correspondents are the Department of Overseas Trade, and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf. The file also contains a number of detailed reports from British officials, which were submitted to the Department of Overseas Trade.The first of these reports, dated 1931, relates specifically to cotton piece-goods, and consists of a general report by the British Vice-Consul at Bushire on the Arab coast market, and reports on local conditions from the Political Agents at Kuwait and Muscat, the Residency Agent, Shargah [Sharjah] (relating to Debai [Dubai] and the Trucial Coast), and the Director of Customs and Port Officer, Bahrain. Further general reports on economic conditions in the Persian Gulf by various British Vice-Consuls at Bushire, are dated 1934-37 (including a Department of Overseas Trade published version, for October 1934, folios 126-144). There are also other reports on local conditions, and general correspondence concerning economic conditions and the market for British goods. Papers from 1936 onwards show increasing awareness of the importance of oil in enhancing the potential economic significance of the Gulf states.The following correspondence is also of note:Folios 73-75, dated 1938, draw attention to the increasing market for Indian products and the potentially increasing field of employment for Indians in the Persian Gulf, particularly at Bahrain.Folios 66-69, dated 1942, concern the export of tobacco to the Persian Gulf.Folios 57-64, dated 1946, concern difficulties experienced by merchants in Kuwait in obtaining British goods.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 355; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
4. Coll 28/62 ‘Persia. Soviet commercial penetration in:’
- Description:
- Abstract: The first part of the file (ff 52-75) contains correspondence dated 1932, exchanged between: HM’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in Tehran, Reginald Hervey Hoare; John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office; George William Rendel of the Foreign Office; Cecil Claude Farrer of the Department of Overseas Trade. The correspondence is in response to a memorandum entitled ‘Economic characteristics of Russian trade with the South of Persia compared with British’, written by the Probationer Vice-Consul at Bushire, J W Blanch (ff 71-72).The second part of the file (ff 23-51) contains correspondence dated 1933, exchanged between: HM’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in Tehran; the India Office; the Foreign Office. The correspondence concerns the need for clear and regular despatches from Tehran on commercial relations between Soviet Russia and Persia. This part of the file contains a memorandum entitled ‘Effects of the Persian Trade Monopoly Laws and the Perso-Soviet Treaty upon Soviet commercial penetration in Persia’ (ff 34-40). The memorandum is undated and its author not stated. However, it bears annotations made by George Edmund Crombie of the India Office, which are dated 3 March 1933.The third part of the file (ff 2-22) contains a letter dated 15 December 1926 enclosing two notes (also 1926) written by Reginald Teague-Jones. The notes were forwarded, in 1945, by John Walter Hose, formerly of the India Office, to Roland Tennyson Peel of the India Office. The notes are entitled ‘Soviet Commercial Policy in Persia’ (ff 5-14) and ‘The Crucial Problem in Soviet Russia’ (ff 15-22). The accompanying letter (f 4) is signed under Teague-Jones’s pseudonym Ronald Sinclair.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 76; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
5. File 1032/1914 Pt 1-2 'PERSIA:- TRADE WITH PERSIAN GULF PORTS'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains parts 1 and 2 of the subject 'Persia.'The volume concerns the Government of India's trade with ports in the Persian Gulf, and various rations and restrictions introduced during the First World War. Principal correspondents include the British Minister at Tehran, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and representatives of the Government of India, the India Office, and the Foreign Office. In addition to correspondence, both parts include copies of a memorandum by Herbert George Chick, Commercial Adviser to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, entitled 'Memorandum on Russian Commercial Pressure in Central and Northern Persia in Respect to the Tea Trade'.Both parts include a divider that gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in the part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 257; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
6. File 1283/1913 Pt 1-2 ‘Persian Gulf: German Competition’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file is concerned with growing German competition to British trade in the Persian Gulf, and discussions around possible responses from the British authorities to protect Britain's trade and geopolitical interests. In particular, it is concerned with the joint workings of the Hamburg-America Line and Messrs R Wonckhaus and Company; British officials believe that the German firms are in receipt of subsidies from the German Government, which prevent British firms from competing with them on a commercial basis. Germany's new monopoly over the export of Belgium sugar from Antwerp to the Persian Gulf, her growing share of the export trade in barley and grain from Persia, and her inroads into the export trade from Manchester, being of particular concern to British planners.Much discussion in the file therefore centres on whether or not the British should introduce subsidies to assist British firms against their German counterparts. The principal firms discussed in the file are the British India Steam Navigation Company, Frank C Strick and Company, and various subsidiaries of Ellerman Lines. However, the file also covers the subject of lighterage (or lightering) across the Persian Gulf; this includes discussion over whether efforts should be made to facilitate the establishment of a British company to provide lighterage services across the Persian Gulf.The main correspondents are officials of the Board of Trade (mainly George J Stanley), the Foreign Office, the India Office, and the Government of India; along with significant input from the Persian Gulf Political Resident (Sir Percy Cox, John Gordon Lorimer, and Stuart George Knox), the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey), the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India, HM Minister at Tehran (Sir Walter Townley), HM Consul at Mohammerah (Lionel Haworth), HM Consul-General at Antwerp (Sir Cecil Hertslet), and Lord Inchcape (Kenneth Mackay).Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 336; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 3-333; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.