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1. 'Bahrein, 1908-1928'
- Description:
- Abstract: Document outlining the administration and history of Bahrein [Bahrain] from 1908-28. Covering:administration – control by the Government of India and titular Shaikh of the Islands, Bahrein's status as an independent Arab State, internal administration conducted by the Shaikh and a European Financial Advisor and European Director of Customs, the roles of the Bahrein Political Agent, and the responsibility for expenditure;internal History of Bahrein (including relations with His Majesty's Government), 1908-23 – concerning Sheikh Isa [Shaikh Īsá bin ‘Alī Āl Khalīfah] and the events leading up to his deposition;internal History of Bahrein (including relations with His Majesty's Government), 1923-28 – concerning Sheikh Hamad [Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah] and the role of the Political Agent;oil in Bahrein;external Relations of Bahrein (other than with His Majesty's Government) 1908-28 – concerning Turkey, Persia and the reassertion of Persian claim to Bahrein and appeal to the League of Nations in 1927, and Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd].It also includes a summary, notes the position in Bahrein of His Majesty's Government, lists points referred to in connection with the Persian Gulf Sub-Committee, and states the view expressed by the Government of India.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 17, and terminates at f 22, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
2. 'Future Policy on the Trucial Coast. Correspondence between the Secretary of State for India, the Government of India, and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (1929)'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains a note written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office introducing enclosed correspondence between the Secretary of State for India, the Government of India, and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf concerning the Trucial Coast policy of His Majesty's Government.Consisting of:views of Sir Frederick Johnston, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, to the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India, 23 April 1929. Johnston considers a policy of interference in terms of successions and supporting shaikhs, assesses the current setup of the Residency Agent and the need to post a full-time Political Agent at Dubai, and recommends reviewing policy with regard to actual conditions and needs.paraphrase telegrams between the Secretary of State for India and the Viceroy, Foreign and Political Department regarding Johnston's despatch on Trucial Sheikhdoms, and the need to wait for Cyril Charles Johnson Barrett to take over as Political Resident.recommendations of Colonel Barrett, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, to the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India, 5 September 1929. In includes the following: a discussion of the system of succession by murder; a response to the views expressed in Johnston's correspondence; an assessment both of the post of current Resident Agent and of its present incumbent; the attitude of Arab chiefs; the appointment of a British Political Agent; and the policy to be adopted.views of the Government of India pertaining to the recommendations of Colonel Barrett, paraphrase telegram from Viceroy, Foreign and Political Department, to Secretary of State for India, 22 October 1929.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 100, and terminates at f 104, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
3. 'The Trucial Chiefs, 1908-28'
- Description:
- Abstract: Memorandum providing an overview of the external developments which took place in the Trucial States, covering 1908-28, and how problems presented by the States stand at the time of writing.Covering:introduction – to the memorandum itself; Trucial Chiefs; administration; responsibility of political control by the Government of India; and political expenditure;internal History, 1908-28 – noting it is not to be repeated in this memorandum, but does include a section on an agreement concerning oil concessions;external developments affecting the Trucial Sheikhs, 1908-28 – the rise of Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and activity of the Wahabis [Wahhabis]; the reassertion of Persian authority in the Persian Gulf, particularly Henjam; and Persia challenging the independence of Trucial Chiefs, particularly Tamb;It includes a summary detailing the problem of Ibn Saud and the Wahabi [Wahhabi] movement, the question of an Imperial air route along the north Arabian coast, and the importance of British influence in the Gulf. A list of points referred to in connection with the Persian Gulf Sub-Committee, and the view expressed by the Government of India are also given.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 53, and terminates at f 56, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
4. 'Final Record of a Meeting Held at the Foreign Office on Thursday October 5th [1933] to Discuss Relations between His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom and the Sheikh of Koweit'
- Description:
- Abstract: This is a printed memorandum containing a record of a meeting held at the Foreign Office on 5 October 1933 to discuss relations between Great Britain and the Sheikh of Koweit [Kuwait], Aḥmad bin Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, particularly in regards to Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Aziz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān Āl Sa‘ūd]. The following were present at the meeting: Mr George William Rendel (Chair), Eastern Department of the Foreign Office; Mr K R Johnston, Foreign Office; Sir Andrew Ryan, His Majesty's Minister at Jeddah; Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Mr John Gilbert Laithwaite, India Office.The memorandum also includes two appendices: 'Appendix A. Note by Sir Andrew Ryan. Ibn Saud's attitude towards Kowait', dated 16 August 1933 (folios 14-17); and 'Appendix B. Provisional Note. Obligations of His Majesty's Government towards the Sheikh of Koweit', 11 October 1933, by Sir John Gilbert Laithwaite (folios 18-25), which includes sections entitled 'A. Nature of the undertakings given', 'B. Constitution of the undertakings given to the Sheikh', and 'Conclusion', with references to various correspondence in the right hand margin.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the first folio, and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
5. 'El Katr, 1908-1916'
- Description:
- Abstract: Memorandum covering: the status and governance of El Katr [Qatar], relations with His Majesty's Government, and treaties with and affecting El Katr during the period 1908-28.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences and terminates at f 52, as it is part of a larger physical volume; this number is written in pencil, and is located in the top right corner of the recto side of the folio.
6. 'Muscat: 1908-1928'
- Description:
- Abstract: Document outlining the administration and history of Muscat from 1908-28. Covering:administration – Sultan of Oman succession history; treaty relations; internal administration by Council of Ministers; role of the Political Agent, Muscat; and the responsibility for expenditure;1908 to 4 October 1913: Sultan Faisal – the successful suppression of arms traffic from Muscat;internal history of Muscat from the accession of Sultan Taimur, 4 October 1913 to 1928 – conditions for recognition of Sayid Taimur as ruler by His Majesty's Government; inefficiency of internal administration; proposals by the Political Agent for active interference in internal affairs by the Government of India and His Majesty's Government; the programme of reform accepted by the Sultan as condition of a loan; the results of the reform and loan; negotiations with Omani tribes; financial situation and the decision to employ a British Financial Advisor;relations between the Sultan of Muscat and Oman and the Ibadhi Tribes of Oman – the Oman Rebellion, 1913-21;foreign relations of Muscat, 1908-28 – treaty relations with France; relations with the United States of America, Dutch Government, Germany, Persia, and Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd];miscellaneous questions – the Muscat Order in Council; proposal for the establishment of a British Naval Base in the Musandim [Musandam] Peninsula; cession of Gwadur; oil in Muscat.It also includes a summary, lists points referred to in connection with the Persian Gulf Sub-Committee, and states the view expressed by the Government of India.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 40, and terminates at f 48, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
7. 'Henjam. Position and Rights of His Majesty's Government in the Island of Henjam. The Sheikh of Henjam and his Affairs'
- Description:
- Abstract: Memorandum providing an overview of the British connection with the island of Henjam.Covering:introduction to the location of Basidu [Bāsa‘īdū] and its strategic importance; use of the island by the British; the Beni Yas tribe inhabitants;international status of Henjam – Persian and Muscat claims;the British Telegraph Concession at Henjam - a history from 1868 – and the use of the location as a base for naval authorities and as a coaling station;1926-8: reassertion of Persian claims – customs; enquiry by the Persian Government as to the right of property of His Majesty's Government in Basidu and Henjam; the expulsion of the Shaikh of Henjam in May 1928; and consideration of action to be taken at Henjam in the event of Persian aggression under the Telegraph Concession;relations between the Sheikh [Shaikh] of Henjam and Persia: 1904-28 – friction between Persian officials and the Arab inhabitants, and the expulsion and return of the Shaikh.It includes a summary detailing the position and legal rights of His Majesty's Government in Henjam, and the desirability to maintain the connection. In addition, a list of points referred to the Persian Gulf Sub-Committee, and the views expressed by the Government of India are given.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 60, and terminates at f 63, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
8. 'Status of Basidu'
- Description:
- Abstract: This is a printed confidential memorandum by Sir John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office, dated 18 Oct 1933 and revised 30 October 1933. It concerns details and relevant facts since 1720 with regards to the status of the British concession at Basidu [Bāsa‘īdū] on the island of Kishm in the Persian Gulf. The focus of the memorandum is whether the Imam of Muscat [Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] in granting the British the island of Kishm in 1820 did so as sovereign of Kishm or in his capacity of a tenant of Persia.The memorandum is divided into two parts: the first is entitled 'Status of Basidu' (folios 1-11) and the second is entitled 'Basidu. Historical Note 1720-1928' (folios 12-46). The first part includes the following sections: '1720-1794', '1794-1820', 'Correspondence of 1819 to 1822', 'Period 1823 to 1928', and 'Conclusion'. The second part includes the following sections: 'Period 1720 and 1820', 'Report, dated 14 August 1821, of Dr [Andrew] Jukes, Kishm, as to the origin of the connection of the Imams of Maskat [Muscat] with Kishm, Ormuz [Hormuz], Bunder Abbas [Bandar-e ‘Abbās], and other parts of the Persian Coast near that place', and 'Period 1823 to 1928'.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the first page, and terminates at the last page; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
9. 'Status of the Islands of Tamb, Little Tamb, Abu Musa, and Sirri'
- Description:
- Abstract: Document outlining the status of the Islands of Tamb, Little Tamb, Abu Musa, and Sirri. It includes the following: an introduction to the status of the islands; a history of the islands prior to 1887; the occupation of Sirri by Persia, 1887; the temporary Persian occupation of Abu Musa and Tamb, 1904; the status of Sirri in 1909; the erection of a lighthouse on Tamb Island, and communications to the Persian Government and the Sheikh of Shargah [Shaikh of Sharjah], 1912-13; statements made by His Majesty's Government to the German Government as to the ownership of Abu Musa, 1907-14; reassertion of the Persian claim to Tamb and Abu Musa, 1923; Persian customs interference at Abu Musa, 1925-26; reassertion of the Persian claim to Tamb, 1928; and a final summary.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 23, and terminates at f 26, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
10. 'Status of certain Groups of Islands in the Persian Gulf'
- Description:
- Abstract: In response to Persian claims of authority over the islands, the document outlines the status of the following groups of Persian Gulf islands:Warba, Bubiyan, Maskan, Failakah [Jazīrat Faylakā], Auhah [Jazīrat ‘Awhah], Kubbar, Qaru, and Umm-el-Maradin, which lie off the coast of Koweit [Kuwait] and the mouth of the Shatt-el-Arab;Kishm, Henjam, Ormuz [Jazīreh-ye Hormoz], Laruk, Sheikh Shuaib [Jazīreh-ye Lāvān], Haiderabi, Kais, and Farur (and Little or Nabiyu Farur), which lie off the south Persian coast;the Bahrein [Bahrain] Archipelago;Halul, Dalmah, Sir Beni Yas, Sir Abu Nair, Qran [Jazīrat Karān ], Jinnah [Jazīrat Qannah], Kharag, and Khargu.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 38, and terminates at f 39, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.