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49. P 2100/1916 Pt 7 'German War. Arab revolt'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to the Arab revolt against Ottoman rule. The papers cover the British response to the situation, covering the following matters:defective information regarding Turkish military movementsthe report by Ronald Henry Amherst Storr's on the situation in the Hejazthe conclusions of the War Committee concerning measures for the defence of RabeghFrench offers of military supportthe instructions of His Majesty's Government and the pessimistic perspective of British officersThe file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 301; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is present between ff 188-300 and is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers.
50. P 3280/1916 Pt 2 'Arab Revolt - Subsidies'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence mainly relating to the subsidy paid to King Hussein [Hussain] ibn Ali al-Hashimi of Hejaz [Hijaz or Hedjaz]. The correspondence largely consists of: correspondence between the India Office and the Foreign Office; and copies of correspondence of the Foreign Office with the Treasury, Sir Arthur Henry McMahon, Sir Reginald Wingate, and Sir Edmund Allenby.The file includes correspondence regarding: the granting to King Hussain of a subsidy of £125,000 a month for four months; a request from Sherif Abdullah [Shereef Abdallah] for a further grant of £10,000 to assist him in his dealings with the tribes to the north of Hedjaz; and the Secretary of State for India being unable to advise his Council to agree to any payment for these grants as charges on Indian revenues ‘for political reasons’.Physical description: The papers are arranged in reverse chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.
51. Aden Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 50 of 1854, dated 30 August 1854. Enclosures Nos. 3-10 are listed, with 8-10 noted as missing. Enclosures 3-7 are dated 24 June to 15 August 1854.The enclosures contain correspondence from the Political Resident, Aden (Colonel James Outram), concerning the state of affairs in Aden and its vicinity, as well as discussion of the truce between the Sultan of Lahedj [Lahij] and the Chief of the Foudhelli (Faḍlī) tribe. Also included is a letter from HM Acting Consul General, Constantinople [Istanbul], concerning the state of affairs in Hedjaz [Hejaz] and Yemen.Physical description: 1 item (26 folios)
52. Aden Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai] Secret Department to the Secret Committee, [Bombay Secret Letter] No. 12 dated 2 February 1856. The enclosures are dated 10-25 January 1856.The papers comprise three letters from Brigadier William Marcus Coghlan, Acting Political Resident and Commandant, Aden, to the Secretary to Government, Bombay, covering the following matters:The general peaceful state of affairs in Aden, including relations between tribes of the vicinity and lack of any ‘aggressions’ by the ‘Foutheli chief’ [Aḥmad bin Abdullāh al-Faḍlī]The report by HM Agent and Consul-General in Egypt that an order has, in fact, been given ‘for the emancipation of slaves within the Egyptian territory’ (f 161) but it has been very generally put into execution and has not yet met with any resistance by the ‘mussulman [Muslim] population’. Coghlan notes that the Consul-General’s letter indicates he has not yet heard of the recent disturbance in the Hejaz [also spelled Hedjaz in this item]Reports, from Hodeida [Al Hudaydah] that [Ottoman] Turkish troops have suppressed the insurrections in Jedda [Jeddah, spelled Judda in this item] and Mecca and intend to march on Taif [Ta'if] to where rebel leader Shereef Abd-el-Mutalib [Sharif ‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib bin Ghālib bin Musā‘ad] has fled from MeccaNews of a violent rebellion in Massowah [Massawa, also known as Mitsiwa] against the Governor of Massawa, reported by Raffaello Barroni, Agent to Mr Plowden [Walter Chichele Plowden], HM Consul in Abyssinia [now Ethiopia], including Barroni’s urgent request to Coghlan to send a vessel to save the ‘lives, merchandise and money of all the Indians, Banyans and Europeans who are here’ (f 164).Also included are: three Resolutions of the Board including a Resolution to despatch the vessel Queenfor the protection of British subjects at Jedda, and the Elphinstoneto afford relief and protection at Mussowah on the proviso it does not prevent the restoration of peace in Jedda; and a letter from the Secretary to the Government of India agreeing that Lieutenant Richard Burton’s ‘negligence’ does not excuse the actions of the [Habr Awwal] tribe and that until reparation is received the blockade of Berbera should remain in place.Physical description: 1 item (13 folios)
53. Coll 6/12 'Railways: Hejaz Railway: Reconditioning of.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume largely consists of copies of Colonial Office and Foreign Office and correspondence. The correspondence concerns the possibility of the Hejaz railway being reconditioned and extended. A large part of the correspondence discusses the issue of ownership regarding the Hejaz railway. Much of the correspondence documents attempts by the British to dismiss claims that the railway had been legally recognised as a waqfduring Ottoman rule. Matters discussed in relation to the railway include the following:The history of the Hejaz railway.Details of the proceedings of the Muslim Conference in Jerusalem in 1931, and of its resolutions regarding the Hejaz railway (not formally recognised by the British), in which it is argued that the line is a waqf.Reports that the Saudi Government is prepared to put aside the question of ownership in order to discuss with the British and French the restitution of the railway.Details of a Hejaz railway conference between the British, French, and Saudi governments, held at Haifa in October 1935.The issue of whether the British Government should contribute towards the reconstruction of the Saudi Arabian section of the railway.Correspondents include the following: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, succeeded by Sir Reader William Bullard); His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires, Jedda (Albert Spencer Calvert, succeeded by Alan Charles Trott); His Majesty's Consul at Damascus (Edwyn Cecil Hole, succeeded by Gilbert Mackereth); the High Commissioner for Palestine and Transjordan (Arthur Grenfell Wauchope); the Secretary of State for the Colonies; His Majesty's Ambassador in Paris (Eric Phipps); the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs; the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs; various officials of the Colonial Office and Foreign Office.In addition to correspondence, the file includes the following items:A copy of a memorandum by the British Consul at Damascus on the history of the Hejaz railway and its management by Compagnie Damas-Hama et Prolongments (DHP).A copy of an extract from the proceedings of the aforementioned Muslim Conference.A copy of the minutes and two copies (one in English and one in French) of the resolutions of the Hejaz railway conference.As well as the aforementioned resolutions, the file contains a number of letters written in French. The Arabic material consists of a short passage taken from correspondence that is translated elsewhere in the file.The file includes two dividers, which give a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. These are placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 516; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-515; these numbers are also written in pencil and are circled, but are crossed through.
54. Coll 7/33 'Saudi Arabia: regulations concerning the importation and possession of arms'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file concerns regulations regarding the prohibition of the import, sale, carrying and possession of arms in the Hejaz kingdom, and later the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The regulations were all published in the Saudi newspaper Umm al Qura [Umm al-Qurá], and consist of the following: a high decree published 15 May 1931 (folios 43-45); a high order sanctioned by the Legislative Assembly, 8 Safar 1352 [2 June 1933] (folios 39-40); and a regulation issued by Ibn Sa'ūd ['Abd al-Raḥmān bin 'Abd al-'Azīz bin Fayṣal Āl Sa'ūd] on 3 Shabān 1354 [31 October 1935] (folios 29-34).The file also includes correspondence between HM Minister at Jedda (Andrew Ryan), the Foreign Office, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven Fowle), the Political Agent at Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch), the Political Agent at Kuwait (Captain Gerald Simpson Hillairet de Gaury), and the High Commissioner for Trans-Jordan (Arthur Wauchope), discussing: the impact of the regulations on tribesmen from Transjordan, Kuwait and the Trucial Coast; the difficulties of enforcing the regulations in the hinterlands; and concerns that Ibn Sa'ūd intended to use the regulations to impose his influence on tribes who moved into Saudi limits from Qatar and Abu Dhabi.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references found in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 48; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
55. Coll 6/35 'Hejaz-Nejd. Ownership of property by foreigners.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file relates to the ownership of property in the Hejaz (later Saudi Arabia) by foreigners. The early correspondence in the file (1930-1931) relates to the estates of deceased British Indian citizens (and one Chinese national). The remainder of the file's correspondence is chiefly concerned with the status of private properties in the Hejaz belonging to the Hashimite family. Much of this correspondence documents the progress of negotiations for the aforementioned properties to be restored to the Hashimite family; further correspondence speculates on the possible impact on Hashimite properties of Saudi regulations introduced in October 1934 (a translated copy of which is included in the file, at folios 39-44) which, it is reported, state that foreigners may not own immovable property in the country.The file features the following principal correspondents: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir John Simon); the High Commissioner for Transjordan (Arthur Grenfell Wauchope); the British Resident, Transjordan (Charles Henry Fortnom Cox); His Majesty's Ambassador in Baghdad (Sir Francis Henry Humphrys); His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires to Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill); the British Consul General, Kashgar (Frederick Williamson); the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; Nuri Al Sa'id [Nūrī al-Sa‘īd], former Iraqi Prime Minister; officials of the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department, and the Government of Bombay's Political Department.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 129; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-128; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
56. Coll 6/36(1) 'Transjordan-Nejd Frontier Affairs.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume, which largely consists of copies of Foreign Office and Colonial Office correspondence, concerns affairs on the Nejd-Transjordan frontier and relations between Hejaz-Nejd (later Saudi Arabia) and Transjordan generally.The beginning of the volume's correspondence follows on from IOR/L/PS/12/2096, documenting the British Government's response to a revolt against Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] in the northern part of the Hejaz, led by Ibn Rifada [Shaikh Hamid Ibn Rifadah].The correspondence includes discussion of the following:Reports of tribesmen crossing the frontier from Transjordan into the Hejaz.Accounts of meetings between the High Commissioner for Transjordan (Arthur Grenfell Wauchope) and Amir Abdullah [ʿAbdullāh bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī].Suspicions that Amir Abdullah could be assisting the revolt.Reports of the death of Ibn Rifada and his two sons.Reports of an alleged conspiracy against Ibn Saud, attributed to Hussein ad-Dabbagh.The likelihood of an agreement being concluded between Hejaz-Nejd and Transjordan, possibly along similar lines to a recent agreement between the Hejaz-Nejd and Iraq governments.King Feisal of Iraq's proposal to intervene to improve relations between Ibn Saud and Amir Abdullah.Plans for the expulsion of Beni Atiya [Beni ‘Atīyah] tribesmen from Transjordan into Saudi Arabia.The volume's principal correspondents are the following: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); the High Commissioner, Transjordan (Arthur Grenfell Wauchope); the High Commissioner, Egypt (Sir Percy Loraine); the High Commissioner, Iraq (Francis Henry Humphrys); the British Resident, Transjordan (Charles Henry Fortnom Cox); His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires to Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill); the Secretary of State for the Colonies (Philip Cunliffe-Lister); officials of the Foreign Office and Colonial Office.In addition to correspondence, the volume contains the following:Copies of the minutes of interdepartmental meetings (featuring representatives of the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the India Office, and in one instance, the Air Ministry) on the subject of relations between Transjordan and Saudi Arabia.A copy of a memorandum by Sir Andrew Ryan, which discusses the possible connection of Amir Abdullah and/or his entourage to recent attempts to undermine Ibn Saud.A copy of a memorandum by Captain John Bagot Glubb, Acting Commanding Officer of the Arab Legion, entitled 'Memorandum on the Beni Atiya Situation'.The French material in this volume consists of one newspaper cutting.The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 458; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 148-191; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the two leading and ending flyleaves.
57. Coll 5/10 ‘Air Route to India: Persia; Arabian Coast Route; Negotiations with Arab Sheikhs’
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence, memoranda, and minutes related to a proposal to relocate the Persian Gulf Air Route (linking Europe and India) from Southern Persia to the Arabian Coast. The proposal is related to difficulties between the British and Persian governments over securing an extension of Imperial Airways' concession to operate in Persia. The volume therefore also contains papers related to the progress of negotiations between the British Government and the Government of Persia. However, the majority of the volume relates to the examination of the Arabian Coast option; this includes potential route options, possible sites for facilities, estimates of expenditure, and progress reports on negotiations between the Trucial Shaikhs – primarily at Dubai and Ra's al-Khaymah – and Hugh Vincent Biscoe, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.The volume also contains minutes of the meetings of the Official and Ministerial Sub-Committees of Imperial Defence for the Consideration of Middle Eastern Questions: 2 November 1931 (folios 226-35), 5 November 1931 (folios 217-25), 17 November 1931 (folios 175-82), 17 December 1931 (folios 89-102), and 15 February 1932 (folios 28-31 and folios 22-5). Related notes and memoranda can also be found within the volume.A number of extracts from reports (dated 24 March, 26 April, and 25 September 1932) from E C Denison and D S McGrath, Commanding HMS Bideford, on trips to the Trucial Coast can be found on folios 3-9; this includes details relating to the construction of the Sharjah Aerodrome.The main correspondents are as follows: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India, officials of the Admiralty, officials the Air Ministry, officials of the Foreign Office, and officials of the India Office.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 395; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front cover, nor does it include the two leading flyleaves.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
58. Coll 6/30 'Revolt in Northern Hejaz: Hejaz-Nejd – Transjordan Frontier Situation. Hejaz Relations with Egypt and Transjordan.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume concerns the British Government's response to the presence of anti-Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] rebels in northern part of the Hejaz during May-July 1932, reportedly led by Sheikh Hamid Ibn Rafadah [Shaikh Hamid Ibn Rifadah].The volume mostly consists of copies of Foreign Office and Colonial Office correspondence (a large amount of which has been forwarded by the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East) discussing the following:Reports of an anti-Ibn Saud movement, allegedly organised by a society named Hizb-Al-Hejazi, based in Cairo, with additional members in Transjordan and Mecca.Reports of rebels from the Hejaz entering Transjordan.The decision taken by the British Government to send HMS Penzanceto Akaba [Aqaba], in the hope that it will have a 'restraining effect' if anti-Ibn Saud rebels retreat through Akaba.Rumours that the Egyptian Government is lending assistance to the movement.Suspicions that Amir Abdullah [ʿAbdullāh bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī] could be assisting the revolt.The possibility of closing the Transjordan frontier.Reports of an alleged plot to assassinate Emir Faisal [Fayṣal bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd] during his forthcoming visit to Iraq.Measures taken by the Egyptian Government to prevent supplies and munitions from being sent by sea to rebels in the Hejaz.British concerns over the timing of the proposed visit of King Ali [‘Alī bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī] to Transjordan.Whether the British should make attempts to persuade Amir Abdullah to conclude a treaty of friendship with Ibn Saud.The volume features the following principal correspondents: the High Commissioner for Egypt (Sir Percy Loraine); the High Commissioner for Transjordan (Arthur Grenfell Wauchope); the High Commissioner for Iraq (Francis Henry Humphrys); the British Resident, Transjordan (Charles Henry Fortnom Cox); His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires to Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill); the Secretary of State for the Colonies (Philip Cunliffe-Lister); the Senior Officer of the Red Sea Sloops; officials of the Foreign Office and Colonial Office.In addition to correspondence the volume contains a copy of the minutes of a meeting of the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, dated 9 June 1932.The volume includes two dividers which give a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. These are placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 465; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the four leading and ending flyleaves.
59. File 2100/1916 Pt 1 'German War - Turkey. Arab revolt'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, parliamentary notices and notes, relating to the progress of the First World War (1914-18) and the development of the Arab revolt against Ottoman rule in the Arabian Peninsula. Further discussion surrounds trade with Jeddah and the blockade of Mecca by the British.Included in the volume is the memorandum 'The Future of the Arab Race' (ff 127-134) as well as copies of correspondence from the Grand Sherrif of Mecca to local Arab rulers and the High Commissioner, Cairo (Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Henry McMahon).The file features the following principal correspondents: Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey); the Under-Secretary of State for India; the Political Resident, Aden; and the Controller, Foreign Trade Department.The file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 201; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The front and back covers, along with the leading flyleaf and ending flyleaf, have not been foliated.
60. File 2100/1916 Pt 2 'German War - Turkey. Arab revolt'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to measures to support the Arab revolt (1916-18)against the Ottoman Turks.The file contains:correspondence between the Political Resident, Aden (Brigadier-General William Crawford Walton) and Idrīsī Imām of ʻAsīr about a rebellion against the Ottoman Turkssupply of munitions to the Idrisiproposed subsidy to the Grand Sherif of Mecca, Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī and measures relating to the opening of trade and postal communication with the Hijazfurther discussion surrounding the decision of the War Committee of the Committee of Imperial Defence as to measures to be taken by HM Government to support the Arab rebellion against the TurksThe file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 217; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The front and back covers, along with the leading flyleaf and ending flyleaf, have not been foliated. A previous foliation sequence, which is present between ff 175-217 and is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.