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1. '17/24 USE OF WIRLESS FREQUENCIES FOR AIR NAVIGATIONAL AIDS.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file discusses the proposed new radio frequencies to be used by the British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) for their air navigational aids, and enquiries to Cable and Wireless (Cecil Edward Gahan), Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf (L E Porter), Air Staff Liaison Officer at Bahrain (G E Lewis), RAF Sharjah and International Aeradio Limited (Anthony J Hemelik) as to whether the new proposed frequencies would be acceptable to them.The word wireless has been misspelled on the cover of the file as 'wirless'.A series of file notes which were maintained as a record of the correspondence in the volume can be found at folios 19-20.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 21; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-18; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. Pagination: the file notes at the back (ff 19-20) have been paginated with pencil.
2. ‘19/3 HER EXCELLENCY LADY WILLINGDON’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence, circulars and other papers relating to visits by the Viceroy and Governor-General of India (the Marquis of Willingdon, Major Freeman Freeman-Thomas) and his wife Lady Willingdon (Marie Freeman-Thomas) to Bahrain and Sharjah in May 1934, while travelling by Imperial Airways from Karachi to Basra, and their return to both of these places on the return flight back to Karachi in August 1934. Correspondents in the file include: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle, the Political Agent at Bahrain, Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch, and the Residency Agent at Sharjah, Khan Bahadur ‘Īsá bin ‘Abd al-Latif.The file includes:correspondence concerning the arrangements made for the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon’s overnight stay at the RAF rest house at Sharjah, on the night of 16 May 1934, and their meeting with the Residency Agent and the Sheikhs of Sharjah (Sultan bin Saqr Āl Qāsimī) and Dubai (Sa‘id bin Maktum Āl Maktum);correspondence concerning the arrangements made for the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon to visit Bahrain on 17 May 1934, including: arrangements for the Ruler of Bahrain, Sheikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, to hold a coffee reception in a tent at the aerodrome; the presentation of a speech and gift to the Viceroy by Sheikh Ḥamad; the presentation of invited Arab and European/American guests to the reception, including a lists of invitees (ff 64-65), an invitation to (f 44) and responses from European and American guests (ff 159-167), which includes representatives of the Government of Bahrain, Bahrain Petroleum Company, and the American Mission at Bahrain; appropriate hot weather dress for the occasion;correspondence covering both visits, including: security arrangements; the organisation of gun salutes; gifts for the Viceroy;following the visits in May 1934: newspaper cuttings from the Iraq Timesand The Timesreporting on the visits to Bahrain (ff 101-102); correspondence regarding appropriate gifts to be given by the Viceroy to the Sheikhs of Bahrain and Sharjah; the Political Agent’s report on the Viceroy’s visit to Bahrain (ff 84-85), and the Residency Agent’s report on the visit to Sharjah (Arabic and English, ff 87-92); letters of thanks and appreciation from the Sheikhs;arrangements for stopovers by the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon at Bahrain and Sharjah in August 1934, which are to be private visits, including, at Bahrain, a visit to the house of Sheikh ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah for refreshments;following the visits in August 1934: reports of the respective visits by the Political Agent at Bahrain (ff 143-144) and the Residency Agent at Sharjah (Arabic and English, ff 145-148); arrangements for a gift of a pair of binoculars to the Sheikh of Sharjah;at the beginning of the file there is some correspondence relating to a visit to Bahrain in July 1933 by Lady Willingdon, who is passing through on an Imperial Airways flight (ff 2-7).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-167; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
3. 'D 93 KUWAIT OIL A.P.O.C. (82/1 VI) and E. & G.S. (86/1 IV)'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence and telegrams between the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India and the Secretary of State for the Colonies in London, the Political Resident at Bushire, the Political Agent at Kuwait and and Eastern and General Syndicate Limited (E.&G.S.) representatives. The main subject is the negotiations for oil concessions in Kuwait between APOC and Eastern and General Syndicate Limited, represented by Major Frank Holmes.The volume also includes some letters, in Arabic and in translation, from and to the Ruler of Kuwait, Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ, and correspondence regarging him being invited to visit London as guest of the Eastern and General Syndicate (folios 73-74). On folios 155A-166 'Final Record of a Meeting held at the Colonial Office on the 26th of April, 1933, to discuss various questions relating to Oil in the Persian Gulf', regarding Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar.Physical description: The foliation is written in pencil, not circled, and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The numbering commences at the title page with 1, 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D; then 2-23; 24 and 24A; 25-45; 46 and 46A; 47-110; 111, 111A and 111B; 112-154; 155 and 155A; 156-176; 177-178 are missing or skipped; 179-185; 186 and 186A; 187-215; 216 and 216A and then it carries on until 245, which is the fifth folio from the back of the volume.
4. 'Vol-B.44. Confidential 86/7-vii. P.C.L. TRUCIAL COAST'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume primarily consists of correspondence between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Trenchard Craven Fowle, Percy Gordon Loch); Political Agent at Bahrain (Tom Hickinbotham); the Residency Agent at Sharjah (Khan Sahib Abd ‘al-Razzaq) the India Office (John Charles Walton, Maurice Clauson) and Petroleum Concessions Limited (Frank Holmes, Basil Henry Lermitte, Stephen Hemsley Longrigg, Frederick Lewisohn); the main subject of discussion is the negotiations between the Shaikh Sultan bin Saqar [Sulṭān bin Saqr Āl Qasimī], Ruler of Sharjah and Major Frank Holmes, negotiator for Petroleum Concessions Limited.The correspondence discusses the negotiations for a commercial concession in Sharjah, which are concluded in the beginning of July 1937 with the Shaikh agreeing to sign the concession; and his subsequent concern over the Political Agreement and Exchange of Notes relating to the concession agreement.Also discussed in connection with concession agreements is a letter drafted by the India Office which contained an ultimatum to be used should any Shaikh appear to be holding out in negotiations with Petroleum Concessions Limited (PCL) with the intention of opening negotiations instead with the Standard Oil Company of California. The ultimatum stated that should the Shaikh in question not wish to give his concession to PCL, he would not be permitted to negotiate with or grant a concession to, any other company. The ultimatum was issued to the Shaikh’s of Sharjah, Ras al Khaimah and Umm al Qaiwain.Further correspondence relates to PCL’s interest in exploring the territory west of the Oman mountain range and the subsequent discussion regarding which rulers claimed responsibility over the territory, whether they had actual authority there or whether it was in the hands of local shaikhs, and how PCL should approach exploring there in those circumstances.The correspondence includes a detailed assessment by the Political Agent at Bahrain, Tom Hickinbotham, of the areas in question and outlines what he knows of the areas of the tribes that claimed ownership including the Beni Kitab [Beni Qitab] (also given as Beni Chittab); Naim [Āl Na‘īm], Bu Shamis [Āl Bū Shāmis] and Duroor [Al-Durur] as well as outlining where he believed the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi and Sultan of Muscat’s areas of authority to be. The correspondence concludes by recommending that the Company be persuaded to delay their explorations into this territory until the following year in order to permit the Political Agent and Residency Agent to spend the winter visiting and exploring these areas in order to ascertain a more accurate knowledge of the situation.Other matters discussed in the volume include:an invitation from the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi to Petroleum Concessions Limited to open concession negotiations with him and the company’s wish for Khan Sahib Yusuf Kanoo to accompany their negotiator (Basil Henry Lermitte) to Abu Dhabi;copy of the Debai [Dubai] Commercial agreement (folios 53-70) signed by Major Frank Holmes (PCL), Tom Hickinbotham (Political Agent at Bahrain) and Shaikh Saʻīd bin Maktūm Āl Maktūm (Shaikh of Dubai).the Political Agreement for the Trucial states which both the India Office and Petroleum Concessions Limited wished to amend, and subsequent negotiations to achieve this. A copy of the redrafted agreement can be found at folios 103-109.a visit by Frank Holmes to the Shaikh of Ras al Khaimah (Shaikh Sulṭān bin Sālim Āl Qasimī) for the purpose of opening concession negotiations, which was unsuccessful, and concerns that the Shaikh would attempt to negotiate with the Standard Oil Company despite being informed by the British Government that such negotiations would not be permitted.Petroleum Concessions Limited’s intention to employ Haji ‘Abdullah Williamson to work for them in the Persian Gulf as his employment with the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company had ended and their concern that they would not be able to do so owing to the circular issued by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf preventing Williamson from visiting the Arab Coast. Also included is discussion of the decision by the India Office and Political Resident in the Persian Gulf to make the company aware of the evidence they had in support of Williamson’s actions on the Trucial Coast in which he was seen to be working against the interest of his employers (PCL) and of the Shaikh of Dubai.Correspondence with the Trucial Coast Shaikhs is in English and Arabic; letters from the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company contain Persian and English letterheads.A series of file notes which were maintained as a record of the correspondence in the volume can be found at folios 191-196.Physical description: Foliation: The main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 5-190; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
5. 'Agreement between Shaikh Sultan bin Saqar, Ruler of Shargah, and the British Government for the Establishment of an air station at Shargah'
- Description:
- Abstract: This printed memorandum is a copy of an agreement between Shaikh Sultan bin Saqar [Sulṭān bin Ṣaqr Āl Qāsimī], ruler of Shargah [Sharjah] and the British Government, dated 22 July 1932, and signed by Harold Richard Patrick Dickson for the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and Shaikh Sulṭān, and witnessed by Edward C Denison, commanding HMS Bideford, Hummid bin Ali bin Humaid [Ḥamad bin ‘Alī bin Ḥumayd?], and Isa bin Abdul Latif [‘Īsá bin ‘Abd al-Laṭīf], Residency Agent, Sharjah. The agreement is for the establishment of an air station and rest house at Sharjah for the aeroplanes of the British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) operating an air route to India along the Arab coast of the Persian Gulf. Details in the agreement concern guards, import of petrol and spare parts, rent for the air station and rest house, and landing fees.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation number appears circled and in pencil in the top right hand corner of the recto.
6. 'AGREEMENT relating to the Sharjah Oil Concession'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of an agreement between the British Government and Petroleum Concessions Limited, consisting of eleven clauses which lay down conditions relating to the Sharjah Oil Concession.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 2; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
7. 'Red oxide on Abu Musa, 1898-1934'
- Description:
- Abstract: This memorandum was prepared by John Gilbert Laithwaite in May 1934 and comments on the history of the concession of red oxide on Abu Musa [Abū Mūsá]. The concession was granted in April 1898 by Sheikh Salim bin Sultan [Sālim bin Sulṭān Āl Qāsimī] while acting as Regent. On his return the ruling Sheikh, Sagar bin Khalid [Ṣaqr bin Khālid Āl Qasimī], saw nothing objectionable it. The concession was made to Hassan Samaiyah, his son Abdullah and Isa bin Adul Latif [‘Īsá bin ‘Abd al-Laṭīf], son of the Residency Agent at Sharjah. The concessionaires were described as British subjects and the interest in the concession of Herr Wonckhaus [Robert Wonckhaus] and Frank Clarke Strick is detailed. The memorandum also describes the claim of the Persian Government to Abu Musa and notes that the concession granted for five years to Frank Clarke Strick in January 1923 expired at the beginning of 1928 but there is nothing to show that any application was made for a renewal.Physical description: The main foliation sequence commences at the first folio and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A second parallel foliation sequence is also present between ff 2-6; these numbers are typed, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
8. ‘Bahrein’ [View of Sharjah from across the Sharjah Creek], c. 1873.
- Description:
- Abstract: General view of Sharjah Town, taken from aross Sharjah Creek looking southeast. The horizon line is punctuated by various built structures, before which a variety of dhows and other craft are moored, at anchor or pulled up along the shoreline.A large group of figures can be seen standing alongside a white-washed wall right of the centre of the image.A gravelly area to the left in the foreground indicates that the photograph was taken from land, not from onboard a ship. This photograph was previously identified as the view of the sea front in Bahrain, presumed to be either Manama or Muharraq. Due to evidence found in the map ‘Persian Gulf: Plans of the North East Coast of Bahrain Island’, IOR/L/PS/12/1972, f 245 (i.e., there is no land a few hundred meters offshore of Manama or Muharraq corresponding to that seen in the photograph's foreground and the shorelines in the map do not match the shoreline in the photograph) and the fact that the architectural style of the two defensive towers with their distinctive 'noses’ in the photograph's centre and centre-left is common in the UAE but unknown in Bahrain, it is believed that this is a photograph of Sharjah Town, taken from across Sharjah Creek looking southeast, as shown in the 'Trigonometrical Plan of the Back-water at Sharja’ (1822) in IOR/X/3689.Inscriptions:Upper right, in pencil alongside image: 'b', '38'Below image, in pen: 'Bahrein'Physical description: Dimensions:106 x 206 mmFormat:Albumen print on paperCondition:The print is in good condition with staining and light creasing in the sky area in the upper left corner and minor surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘b’ (crossed out); ‘38’Process:Albumen print
9. ‘Persian Gulf Shargah. Relative to an arbitrary fine levied by the Chief of- from a Baynan Native of Sind.-’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and resolutions, cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, dated 28 April 1854, and found at IOR/F/4/2575/152543. It is the twelfth in a series of thirteen items about the Persian Gulf.The item contains correspondence between: Captain Arnold Burrowes Kemball, Resident in the Persian Gulf; Hajee Yacoob [Ḥājjī Ya‘qūb], Agent at Shargah [Sharjah]; and Commodore George Robinson, Commanding Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf. The correspondence relates to a fine levied against a 'Banyan merchant', Hirman ben Heyrah [Hiraman bin Hīrā, also rendered in text as Heyman ben Heyrah], residing at Shargah, by the shaikh of that port, Sheikh Abdullah ben Sultan [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Sulṭān].Kemball forwards copies of the above correspondence to the Government of Bombay.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department', 'P.C. [Previous Communication] 8964', Draft Number '908 [18]54', 'Collection No. 1 of No. 32 of 1854', 'Vol: 12', and 'Examiner's Office'. Originally, the Collection number was given as '12' but this has been crossed out and replaced with '1'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 348, and terminates at f 353, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
10. ‘Persian Gulf – Nomination of Sheik Saleh bin suggur to the Governor-Ship of Shargah – Vol: 6’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2203/108134. The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Major Samuel Hennell, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Sheik Saleh ben Suggur [Shaikh Ṣāliḥ bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī]; and Moollah Houssein, [Mullā Ḥusayn], British Agent at Shargah [Sharjah]. It is the sixth in a series of thirty items.The item concerns the appointment of Sheik Saleh to the governorship of Shargah by his brother, Sheik Sultan ben Suggur [Shaikh Sulṭān bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī of Ra’s al-Khaymah and Sharjah], and the peace negotiations between Sheik Mukhtoom of Debaie [Shaikh Maktūm I bin Buṭṭī Āl Bū Falāseh of Dubai], Sheik Abdoollah of Amulgavine [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Rāshid al-Mu’allā of Umm al-Qaywayn], and Sheik Saleh.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 700/47, Coll[ection]: 18, Collection No 5 of No 37’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 656, and terminates at f 661 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
11. ‘Persian Gulf Cruise of the Honble Company’s Sloop “Clive” to the Arabian Coast and investigation of the charges preferred against the Native Agent at Shargah.~’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and resolutions, cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 28 April 1854. It is the first in a series of thirteen items on the Persian Gulf. The Political Letter sets out which enclosures comprise the next twelve items (see IOR/F/4/2575/152544 through IOR/F/4/2575/152555).The item relates to instructions provided to Commodore George Robinson, Commanding Indian Naval Squadron [in the] Persian Gulf, from Captain Arnold Burrowes Kemball, Resident in the Persian Gulf, to cruise around the Arabian coast of the Gulf with the Company ship, Clive. This is in response to reports of occurrences which Kemball fears may 'disturb' relations amongst the maritime tribes. These are:Recent disputes involving: subjects of Sheikh Sultan ben Suggur, 'Chief' of Rusul Khymah and of the Joasmees [Shaikh Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī, Ruler of Ra’s al-Khaymah and the Qawāsim]; inhabitants of Debaie [Dubai]; inhabitants of Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi]; and inhabitants of Shargah [Sharjah, also rendered in text as Sharja]Accusations of misappropriating money, made against Hajee Yacoob [Ḥājjī Ya‘qūb], British Agent at Shargah, by Sheikh Sultan ben SuggurDispute between Hajee Yacoob and Abdul Rahman boo Sheit [‘Abd al-Raḥmān Bū Shu‘ayṭ, also rendered in text as Abdul Rahman Boo Boosheit]Incident involving a Beloochee [Balochi] man fleeing with a woman to DebaieTwo 'slaves' [enslaved people] escaping from AboothabeeQuarrel between two tribes from Shargah.Kemball forwards copies of his letters to the Government of Bombay, enclosing relevant correspondence from Hajee Yacoob, Sheikh Sultan ben Suggur, and Robinson. Resolutions of the Government of Bombay are also included in the item.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department', 'P.C. [Previous Communication] 8964', Draft Number '908 [18]54', 'Collection No. 1 of No. 32 of 1854', 'In 13 Volumes', 'Vol: 1' and 'Examiner's Office'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 232, and terminates at f 258, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
12. 'Persian Gulf - affairs of'
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists primarily of copies of correspondence and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Moollah Hoossein [Mullah Ḥusayn], British Agent at Sharjah.The item concerns:Relations between the Benyas [Bani Yas] and the Joasmees [Āl Qawāsim]Negotiations between the son [‘Alī bin Rashid al-Nu‘aymī] of the late Shaikh of Ejman [Ajman] and the brother [Shaikh Ṣāliḥ bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī] of the Shaikh of Sharjah over the piracy of Mahomed bin Suhur [Muḥammad bin Suhur?]A complaint by Soleman bin Jassem [Sulayman bin Jāsim], a merchant from Bahrain, about the death of one of his men at Kishm [Qeshm].The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Collection No. 10, Draft 244, P C [Previous Communication] 2683’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 164 and terminates at f 179, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.