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37. 'Bunder Abbas – Kerman Railway'
- Description:
- Abstract: This memorandum, written by Lord Curzon [George Nathaniel Curzon, Marquess Curzon of Kedleston], discusses a proposed Bunder Abbas–Kerman railway line. Curzon considers the possible diplomatic, commercial and strategic motives for constructing the railway line.Curzon argues that if the line has been suggested merely as a diplomatic rejoinder – that is to say, as a response to a Russian concession from Baku to Teheran [Tehran] – then the proposal is of little merit.He suggests that if the line is being proposed for its commercial value then this should be demonstrated by the figures of trade. Moreover, Curzon argues that the line's commercial effect on any future extension of the Nushki railway beyond Dalbandin should also be considered, since both lines would then be competing for the trade of East Persia and Khorasan.Curzon suggests that one strategic advantage of constructing a line from Bunder Abbas to Kerman would be the prospect of diverting a future Teheran–Yezd–Kerman Russian railway line away from the direction of India.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 14, and terminates at f 14, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
38. 'South Persian Rifles and Southern Persia Vol II'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains material relating to the South Persia Rifles, southern Persia [Iran], the Bakhtiari [Bakhtiyari] Tribe and the oil fields developed by the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC). It includes:A table showing the disposition of troops in southern Persia in December 1917The capture of an incriminating letter addressed to Mukhbir Us Sulteneh [Mahdi Quli Khan Hidayat Mukhbir al-Saltanah]The outbreak of clashes between the nomadic tribes of southern Persia and the South Persia RiflesThe call by Soulat [Isma’il Khan Sawlat al-Dawlah Qashqa’i], Ilkhani of the Kashgai [Qashqa'i] Tribe, for a jehad [jihad] against foreign forces in Persia [The Ilkhani being the Paramount Chief of the tribe]The loss of the post at Khaneh Zinian [Khan-i Zaniyan] to the Kashgais led by SoulatThe logistics required for extending the right flank of the Allied forces in Mesopotamia [Iraq] to the Caspian SeaThe reinforcement of the forces under Sir Percy Molesworth Sykes via Bandar Abbas and Bushire [Bushehr]The placement of Sykes under the command of General Charles Monro, Commander-in-Chief, IndiaThe departure of the German agent Wilhelm Wassmuss towards Khaneh ZinianThe general expression of ‘nationalist resentment’ at the presence of British forces in Central PersiaThe offer of the Persian Admiral, Mirza Ahmad Khan Tangistani Daryabegi, to collaborate against SoulatThe declaration by Habib Allah Khan Qavam al-Mulk Shirazi of his support for the Governor of Fars, Abd al-Husayn Mirza Farmanfarma, and his readiness to defend Shiraz against SoulatThe clashes between the Kalantar of Kazerun, Nasir Divan Kazeruni, and British forces outside ShirazAn offer of assistance from the Kalantar of the Kashkuli Tribe, Muhammad ‘Ali Khan KashkuliThe lack of co-operation between the British Minister at Tehran, Charles Marling, and Sir Percy SykesThe placement of all British troops in southern Persia under the command of an officer with the rank of Brigadier-GeneralA joint letter from the khans of Borasjun [Borazjan], Tangistan and Chakutah [Chahkootah] to the Political Resident at Bushire to enquire about the objectives of the recently-arrived British regimentsThe possibility of installing Mirza Hasan Khan Vusugh (Vusugh al-Dawlah) as Prime Minister, following the Italian victory at the Second Battle of Piave River, and the suspension of German operations against FranceThe recommendation of Brigadier-General George Younghusband to surround oilfields with ‘barbed wire fence with electric light standards and ring of sentries like prisoners of war camp’The willingness of the Ilkhani of the Bakhtiyari to ‘maintain order’ in the oilfields of southern PersiaThe siege of Indian Army troops at Abadeh by the Kashgai and the desertion of all South Persia RiflesThe mobilisation of Mirza Kuchak Khan's Jangali Movement to seize control of RashtA quarrel between the German agent, Wassmuss and the Ilkhani of the Kashgai, SoulatThe defection of the Kashgai chiefs ‘Ali Khan Qashqa’i Salar-i Hishmat and Ahmad Khan Qashqa’i Sardar-i IhtishamThe order from Khusraw Khan Bakhtiyari Sardar-i Zafar to Yusuf Khan Bakhtiyari Amir Mujahid to relieve the siege of Abadeh, and prevent Murtaza Quli Khan Samsam from joining the KashgaisThe pursuit by Sardar-i Ihtisham, Muhammad ‘Ali Khan Kashkuli, and Qavam al-Mulk Shirazi of Soulat and his band of followers and the retreat of Nasir Divan Kazeruni to KazerunA request from Soulat to Ayoz Kika [Haj Iyaz Khan Shakiri Qashqa’i] for reinforcementsThe arrest of Baha Us Sultan [Baha’ al-Sultan Shirazi], a leading democrat [i.e. of the Hizb-i Democrat-i Fars]The deployment of Sultan Kazem Khan [Sultan Kazim Khan Shamlu’s] Darrahshuri tribal forces to AbadehThe preference of Vusugh al-Dawlah for Swedish officers to lead the national police in PersiaA rumour about the presence of the German agent Oskar von Niedermeyer in Bakhtiyari CountryThe encirclement, by Soulat, of Sardar-i Ihtisham and the South Persia Rifles at FiruzabadThe relief of Sardar-i Ihtisham and the South Persia Rifles by Colonel Ernest Frederick OrtonThe death of Muhammad ‘Ali Khan Kashkuli at Shiraz on 20 October 1918The handover of the South Persia Rifles by Sir Percy Sykes to Colonel Orton and the former's arrival at DelhiThe refusal by Wassmuss to surrender to British forces, and his rejection of an offer of repatriationThe readiness of the Persian Government to co-operate in the arrest and deportation of WassmussA proposal by Colonel Orton of the South Persia Rifles for the organisation of a national Persian Army.Physical description: The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 405; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-389.
39. ‘Affairs of the Persian Gulf vol 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of seven items on affairs of the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2077/95830, 95831, 95832, 95833, 95834, and 95835).The item concerns:Disturbances at Shiraz caused by an attempt to oust the current Governor of Fars, Ameer Mirza Nubbee Khan [Amīr Dīvān Mīrzā Nabī Khān Qazwīnī]A complaint by the Imam of Muscat [Sayyid Sa'īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa'īd] that his vessels were paying higher duty at Mauritius than previouslyReports of vessels from Bombay and Cutch [Kachchh] trading under British colours without the appropriate passesThe military success of Ameer Fysul [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd] and possible British reactions to thisThe aborted Persian attack against Bunder Abbas [Bandar-e ʻAbbas]Disputes over customs duties at Bunder AbbasA complaint by Josiah Row Chowdry [Josiah Rao Chaudhari] against the British merchant brig Mary Alicethat he was owed wages by the ship’s masterA violent dispute between the Joasmees [Qāsimīs, i.e. al-Qawāsim] and subjects of Debaye [Dubai]The murder of Beebee Aseeloo [Bibi ‘Asilu], widow of the late Native Agent at MuscatThe English burial ground at Karrack [Jazireh-ye Khark]The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Collection 8, Draft 78, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4624, [Season 18]45’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 125 and terminates at f 156, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence
40. 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file consists of a letter that was sent from Emily Overend Lorimer to her parents, Thomas George Overend and Hannah Overend (née Kingsbury). The letter describes the overland journey from Bandar Abbas to Kerman that Emily and her husband, David Lockhart Robertson Lorimer (referred to as 'Lock' in the letter), made from December 1912 to January 1913 in order for him to take up his position as HM Consul, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan. The letter contains her description of their route and progression and her impressions of the various places and people that they encountered on the way.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 635, and terminates at f 668, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
41. ‘Vol 224 1856/57 Bahrain; Abu Dhabi; Sharjah, Ras al-Khaimah; Hamriya; Muscat and Bandar `Abbas; Slave Trade’
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence relating to a number of subjects, listed below. The principal correspondents throughout are Commander (James) Felix Jones, initially Acting Resident, then Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Henry Lacon Anderson, Secretary to the Government of Bombay.The volumes contain correspondence relating to events in the Gulf, and are arranged by subject as follows:Bahrain (folios 10-24); despatches from the Government of Bombay in response to 1854-55 events in Bahrain; theft of property from Banyan (Indian) traders in Bahrain, and the suspicious death of a Banyan trader;Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi] (folios 25-65): the attack upon Abu Dhabi of the deposed Shaikh Sa’id bin Tahnun, in collaboration with Shaikh Sultan bin Saqr; an act of piracy off the Al-Qaṭīf coast;Shargah, Rasul Khymah [Ra’s al-Khaymah], and Himreeyah [Ḩamrīyah] (folios 66-127): an incident of piracy at Sharjah, and attempts by British officials to obtain compensation; conflict between Shaikh Sultan bin Saqr, ruler of Ra’s al-Khaymah, and the tribes of Ḩamrīyah; Wahhābī forces moving toward the Oman coast;Muscat and Bunder Abbass [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] (folios 128-62): investigation into the shipwreck and plunder of a vessel carrying pilgrims, and the murder of some of the vessel’s crew; the treatment of British subjects at Muscat; conflict and settlement between the Persian Government and Imam of Muscat over customs at Persian ports including Bandar-e ʻAbbās;The Slave Trade (folios 163-297): resources in the Gulf for fighting the maritime slave trade; Jones’s recommendations for improvements and changes to the policing of waters; the actions of the British Agent at Lingah [Bandar-e Lengeh], in relation to diplomatic relations between Britain and Persia; the capture of a boat carrying slaves under Turkish colours.Physical description: Foliation: This item is in two parts and the foliation sequence runs through both volumes as a continuous sequence. The foliation sequence begins on the title page of part one and ends on the third sheet from the back of part two. The sequence uses numbers written in pencil, which can be found in the top-right corner of the recto side of each folio. An original pagination sequence is present between ff 11-297; these numbers are written in ink and can be found in the top left and top right of the verso and recto side respectively. The following foliation anomalies occur: 1, 1A and 1B.
42. 'Memorandum by the Rev. G. P. Badger on the Pretensions of Persia in Beloochistan and Mekran, drawn up with especial reference to her Claim to Gwadur and Charbar'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file consists of a memorandum by George Percy Badger (scholar and missionary) concerning Persian claims in Beloochistan [Baluchistan] and Mekran [Makran], particularly Gwadel or Gwadur [Gwādar] and Charbar [Chābahār]. It contains the following: a history of Persian encroachments in Beloochistan; a table outlining the political divisions of the maritime provinces of Mekran, and their respective governments; an assessment of Persia's jurisdiction on the Mekran Coast; details of the sovereignty of Gwadur; a discussion of hostilities between Persia and the Sultan of Muscat over Bunder Abbas [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] and other dependencies; a summary of the 1856 treaty between Persia and Muscat. A map depicting the political geography of Mekran is included on folio 5.The appendices include:a translation of the treaty between His late Highness Seyyed Saeed [Āl Bū Sa‘īd, Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd] and the Persian Government, relating to Bunder Abbas, etc., dated 1856;a report by Lieutenant-Colonel Frederic John Goldsmid on the claims of Persia, Khelat [Kalat], and Muscat, to sovereign rights on the Mekran Coast;extracts from Lieutenant-Colonel Goldsmid's diaries on defining boundaries and districts;a memorandum on Western Mekran by Lieutenant-Colonel Goldsmid.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 10; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
43. ‘Muscat. Intelligence.’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, a political letter from the Government of Bombay.The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay and Heskeal bin Yusoof [Khawājah Ḥizqīl bin Yūsuf], Acting Native Agent at Muscat.The item contains intelligence reports sent by Heskeal bin Yusoof. Topics covered include:The communications of Syud Thooenee [Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd] with Jubur bin Mahomed bin Nasir [Jabr bin Muḥammad bin Nāṣir], the Chief of Zukee [Izki], and the visit of the shaikhs of the Hijreeyan [al-Ḥijrīyūn], Hooboos [al-Ḥubūs] and al Wubela [Āl Wahībah] tribes to MuscatReports that Syud Hamood bin Uzan [Sayyid Ḥammūd bin ‘Azzān al-Būsa‘īdī] has placed the forts at Rustak [Rustaq] and Khabooru [Al Khaburah] under the charge of the Mootavas [Muṭawwa‘īn] and plans to do the same for other forts to the west of Sohar, and Syud Thooenee’s attempts to arrange a meeting with Syud Humood bin UzanCommunications received from Captain Saunders at Museera [Masirah]The threats received by Shaikh Suif bin Nubhan [Shaikh Sayf bin Nabhān al-Ma‘walī], Chief of Bunder Abbass [Bandar-e ʻAbbas] from the Governor of Shiraz, and the support provided to Shaikh Suif bin Nubhan by Syud Thooenee.The item contains a table of contents (ff 443-444), and the title page (f 442) contains the following references: ‘P C [Previous Communication] 5507, Coll. 7, Vol. 20’, ‘D/t 197/47’, ‘Collection No. 8 of No. 53’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 442 and terminates at f 451, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
44. 'Précis of the Affairs of the Persian Coast and Islands, 1854-1905 By J A Saldanha, BA LL B'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume is a collection of correspondence about the Persian Coast, selected by Jerome A Saldanha and printed in Simla in 1906.The volume is divided into twelve chapters:Internal Affairs, with list of officials and events (folios 7-16);Claims of the Imam of Maskat [Muscat] to the islands of Kishm, Angaum and Ormuz and the town of Bandar Abbas and its dependencies (folios 17-30);Anglo-Persian War of 1856-57. British Expedition to the Persian Gulf and Karun River (folios 31-34);Various attempts made to establish Persian influence in the Persian Gulf, 1887-1905 (folios 35-39);Residency appointments, establishments, and guards and buildings on the Persian Coast and Islands (folios 40-49);British extra-territorial jurisdiction on the Persian Coast and Islands (folios 50-62);Questions of Status (folios 63-69);Claims of British subjects and protegés against the Persian Government and Officials and Persian subjects (folios 70-80);Certain miscellaneous affairs with regard to British relations with Persia (folios 81-87);Infringement of British Commercial Rights (folios 88-94);Introduction of Belgian Customs Administration and new Tariff, 1900-1905 (folios 95-100);Persian interference with the British Postal arrangements (folios 101-103).Physical description: Foliation: the sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
45. 'File 8/29 Bandar Abbas Diaries'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains periodic reports from the British Consulate at Bandar Abbas from January 1944 to October 1946. The reports were compiled by the British Consul and until November 1945 were produced every fortnight, appearing monthly after that. The reports contain summarised information on the following subjects:the movement of officials, British, Allied and Persian;the food situation;trade, industry, and shipping;transport;local news and affairs of the towns and islands of southwestern Iran;the local elections of April 1944;medical matters and public health;anti-locust operations;financial matters;tribal and political matters.Folio 5 lists the offices and departments that the reports were distributed to.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 181; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
46. ‘File 28/71 Navicert = routine correspondence’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises copies of correspondence and other papers relating to the implementation of the Navicert system in the Persian Gulf, which was intended to regulate and control shipping in and out of the Persian Gulf during wartime. The file’s principal correspondents are: the Political Agent at Bahrain (Major Reginald George Evelin William Alban; Edward Birkbeck Wakefield; Major Tom Hickinbotham; Cornelius James Pelly) and representatives of the shipping agency Gray, Mackenzie & Company Limited, who had offices in Bahrain, as well as in other Gulf ports.The file includes:correspondence and notices relating to the introduction of the Navicert system for steamships and dhows sailing into or out of the Persian Gulf from 15 May 1941 (f 7, f 10, f 18);correspondence relating to enquiries and concerns regarding the implementation of the Navicert system in the Persian Gulf, including: fears voiced by representatives of the Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO) that the system would duplicate the existing system of oil export licensing (ff 13-17); the use of Bandar Abbas [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] as a port for the issue for Navicerts for outgoing vessels; vessels from Dubai and Sharjah having to stop at Bandar Abbas to obtain Navicerts (ff 21-22); confusion over the Muscat Political Agency’s failure or refusal to issue Navicerts (ff 80-82);several letters from the Collector of Customs at Karachi, informing the Political Agent at Bahrain of vessels arriving in Karachi from the Persian Gulf with no Navicert (examples at ff 44-46), and the subsequent investigations by the Political Agent, enquiring as to why Navicerts were not issued;a sample of a blank Navicert application form (f 17), and two completed application forms (f 71, f 93);an enquiry made by the United States Consulate at Dhahran, in December 1944, concerning applications for Navicerts for oil shipments from Dhahran (f 108, ff 112-113);correspondence concerning two oil tankers, the Empire Bronzeand the San Vito, that left Bahrain without Navicerts (ff 118-124, ff 126-135);correspondence between the Political Agents at Bahrain and Kuwait over the applicability of the British Government’s Oil in Navigable Waters Act (1922) to the Persian Gulf (ff 159-160);a letter from the Political Resident to the Political Agent at Bahrain, dated 30 November 1946, enclosing an extract from The Times, dated 25 September 1945, announcing that Navicerts would no longer be required by ships from 30 September 1946 (ff 162-163).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 184; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-97, and a mixed incomplete foliation/pagination sequence between ff 98-166; these numbers are written in pencil, but are not circled. Pagination: the file notes at the back are paginated between ff 166-179 in pencil.
47. ‘File 29/18 vol I TEA FOR THE RESIDENCY BUSHIRE, ESSENTIAL FIRMS BUSHIRE, AND THE CONSULATES AT KHORRAMSHAHR, KERMAN AND BANDAR ABBAS’
- Description:
- Abstract: This is a correspondence file about Indian tea and sugar exports to Bahrain under the quota system and the export licensing restrictions imposed by the Government of India during the Second World War (1939-1945), when essential food commodities were in short supply. The file contains the correspondence of the Political Agent, Bahrain with the British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Bushire; the British Consuls in Persia (Iran) at Bandar Abbas, Kerman and Khorramshahr (also referred to by its former name of Mohammerah); the Tea Controller for India, Calcutta; the Director of Customs and Port Officer, Bahrain and the Food Controller for the Government of Bahrain. They discuss arrangements for the importation, payment and distribution of the Indian quota tea and sugar supplies that are shipped from Bombay, landed at Bahrain and then re-exported to British Consular staff in southern Persia. The file also contains a substantial amount of merchant correspondence, mainly with Indian exporter the Poojara Trading Company, Calcutta; importer Dhamanmal Isardas and shipping agent Gray, Mackenzie & Company, both Bahrain. Included in this correspondence are invoices, debit notes and bills of lading.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional incomplete foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-192; these numbers are written in a combination of pencil and blue crayon/ink, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. Pagination: a short pagination sequence is also present between ff 225-245; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top outermost corners of each page. Condition: the front file cover is damaged.
48. 'Memorandum on the Financial Obligations of the British, Indian and Persian Governments respectively in relation to Telegraph Lines in Persia.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This memorandum, which is attributed to the Indo-European Telegraph Department, provides details of the financial obligations of the British, Indian and Persian Governments respectively in relation to the following telegraph lines: the line from Gwadur to Jask, the Central Persia line, the Henjam-Bunder Abbas line, and the Robat-Seistan line.Details include construction costs, rental costs, royalties and total expenditure.The memorandum also provides details of the cost of reconstruction work on the Arabistan telegraph lines, including a statement which shows projections of the effect on the Indo-European Telegraph Department's capital account of the Arabistan telegraph lines agreement of 1913.Also included are details of how costs might be covered for a proposed line running from Kerman to Bunder Abbas, from Bunder Abbas to Lingah, and from Bunder Abbas to Jask.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 46, and terminates at f 55, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. The file also includes an original printed foliation sequence.