Abstract: This volume concerns British policy regarding the south-eastern boundaries of Saudi Arabia.It documents preparations for negotiations with the Saudi Government, and includes interdepartmental discussion regarding the approach that the British Government should take in reaching a settlement with Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] over the demarcation of the boundaries.The areas of territory discussed include that which separates Saudi Arabia and the Aden Protectorate in the south, that which extends to the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman in the south-east, and the area extending to the south of Qatar in the east.Reference is made to the 'blue line' and the 'violet line' – boundary lines that formed part of the Anglo-Ottoman Conventions, concluded in 1913 and 1914 respectively.The correspondence includes discussion of the following:The likely consequences of not settling on defined boundaries.The extent of territory that the British should be prepared to include in any concession made to Ibn Saud.The legal distinction between personal and territorial sovereignty.References made by Fuad Bey Hamza (Deputy Saudi Minister for Foreign Affairs) during conversations with Sir Andrew Ryan (His Majesty's Minister at Jedda), regarding certain assurances made by Sir Henry McMahon to King Hussein of the Hejaz [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī] in 1915, on the subject of Arab independence (a summary of a letter from King Hussein to McMahon, together with a copy of McMahon's reply, is included in the volume).Tribal history in Trucial Oman between 1918 and 1934.The Koweit [Kuwait] blockade.The boundaries of a proposed 'desert zone', roughly following the edge of the sands of the Ruba al Khali and considered by the British as a possible concession but later abandoned.Abu Dhabi's claims to Odeid [Al ‘Udayd, Saudi Arabia] and Banaiyan [Bi’r Bunayyān, Saudi Arabia].The volume features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent, Bahrain (Percy Gordon Loch); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); the Secretary of State for the Colonies (Philip Cunliffe-Lister); Bernard Rawdon Reilly (Chief Commissioner, Aden, but referred to in the correspondence as Resident); officials of the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the India Office, the War Office, the Air Ministry, and the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department.In addition to correspondence, the volume contains a sketch map and a copy of draft minutes of a meeting of the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, dated 15 April 1935.The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 4).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 365; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: This volume primarily concerns British policy regarding the south-eastern boundaries of Saudi Arabia, specifically those bordering Qatar, the Trucial Shaikhdoms, Muscat, the Hadramaut and the Aden Protectorate.It includes interdepartmental discussion regarding the approach that the British Government should take in reaching a settlement with King Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] over the demarcation of the boundaries.References are made to various existing and proposed lines, including the 'blue line' and the 'violet line' – boundary lines that formed part of the Anglo-Ottoman Conventions, concluded in 1913 and 1914 respectively, a 'green line' and a 'brown line', which represent more recent territorial concessions proposed by the British to Ibn Saud, and a 'red line', which is referred to as the Saudi Government's claim for its country's south-eastern boundary.The volume features the following principal correspondents: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); the Political Agent, Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch); His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Samuel Hoare); the Acting Chief Commissioner, Aden (Lieutenant-Colonel Morice Challoner Lake); officials of the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the India Office, the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department.The correspondence includes discussion of the following:The extent of territory that the British should be prepared to include in any concession made to Ibn Saud.The abandonment of the idea of a proposed 'desert zone'.The future of the Treaty of Jedda of 1927.Meetings held at the Foreign Office with Fuad Bey Hamza, Deputy Saudi Minister for Foreign Affairs, and Hafiz Wahba, Saudi Arabian Minister in London, during June and July 1935.The eastern boundary of the Aden Protectorate.The possibility of the British Government employing Bertram Thomas to carry out enquiries and investigations regarding the question of Saudi Arabia's south-eastern frontiers.Wells and territories of the Al Murra [Āl Murrah] tribe.Preparations for Sir Andrew Ryan's forthcoming visit to Riyadh for negotiations with Ibn Saud.Abu Dhabi's claim to Khor-al-Odeid [Khawr al ‘Udayd].Details of a British aerial reconnaissance of the Qatar Peninsula, which took place on 11 October 1935.In addition to correspondence the volume includes the following: copies of the minutes of meetings of the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Ministerial and Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, dated 15 April 1935 and 24 September 1935 respectively; photographs of the Qatar Peninsula, taken during the aforementioned aerial reconnaissance; a map showing the route of the aerial reconnaissance.The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 4).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 411; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers.
Abstract: This file primarily concerns British policy regarding the eastern and south-eastern boundaries of Saudi Arabia, specifically those bordering Qatar, Abu Dhabi, and Muscat (i.e. the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman).Much of the correspondence relates to British concerns that the boundaries should be demarcated prior to the commencement of any oil prospecting in the area. The file's principal correspondents are the following: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, succeeded by Sir Reader William Bullard); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); the Political Agent, Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch); the Political Agent, Muscat (Major Ralph Ponsonby Watts); the Secretary of State for the Colonies; the Secretary of State for India; the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; officials of the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the India Office, and the Admiralty.Matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:Whether the British should press King Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] for a settlement of the outstanding questions relating to the aforementioned boundaries.Sir Andrew Ryan's meeting with Ibn Saud and the Deputy Minister for Saudi Foreign Affairs, Fuad Bey Hamza, in Riyadh, in November 1935.The disputed territories of Jebel Naksh [Khashm an Nakhsh, Qatar] and Khor-al-Odeid [Khawr al ‘Udayd].Whether or not a territorial agreement between Ibn Saud and Qatar was concluded prior to the Anglo-Qatar Treaty of 1916.The intentions of Petroleum Concessions Limited regarding the development of its oil concession in Qatar.The line proposed by the British for the boundary between Saudi Arabia and the Aden Protectorate.The Kuwait blockade.Leading personalities in Oman.Details of Harry St John Bridger Philby's expedition to Shabwa [Shabwah, Yemen].Four meetings held between Sir Reader Bullard, George Rendel (Head of the Foreign Office's Eastern Department), and Ibn Saud, in Jedda, 20-22 March 1937.Also included are the following:Copies of the minutes of meetings of the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East.Copies of correspondence dating from 1906, exchanged between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Major Percy Zachariah Cox), the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department, and the Ruler of Abu Dhabi [Shaikh Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan], regarding the latter's claim to Khor-al-Odeid.Several maps and sketch maps depicting the proposed boundaries discussed in the correspondence.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 421; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: This volume primarily concerns British policy regarding the eastern and south-eastern boundaries of Saudi Arabia, specifically those bordering Qatar, Abu Dhabi and Muscat (i.e. the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman). Much of the correspondence relates to British concerns that oil companies operating in the region may begin prospecting in disputed territory.References are made to various existing and proposed lines, including the 'blue line' (laid down in the non-ratified Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913 and redefined and adopted in the Anglo-Ottoman convention of the following year). Reference is also made to a 'final offer' proposed by the British to the Saudi Government in November 1935, since which time no conclusion has been reached.Matters discussed in the correspondence include:The reported activity of the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (Casoc) near Qasr-es-Salwa [Salwá, Saudi Arabia] (located east of the blue line), and whether this activity necessitates a renewed effort by the British to reach a settlement with Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] regarding the Qatar-Saudi boundary.Ibn Saud's claim to Jebel Nakhsh [Khashm an Nakhsh, Qatar], which lies in territory included in the Qatar oil concession.Whether the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi should be persuaded to cede Khor-el-Odeid [Khawr al ‘Udayd] to Ibn Saud.The impact of Britain's Palestine policy on Anglo-Saudi relations.The Foreign Office's suggestion that the Khor-el-Odeid question should be submitted to arbitration.In addition to correspondence dating from 1937-39, the volume contains copies of correspondence dating from April 1904 (including translations of two letters from the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi), which discusses Abu Dhabi's claim to Khor-el-Odeid.Correspondents include the following: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); the Political Agent, Bahrain (Captain Tom Hickinbotham); His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Reader William Bullard); the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, Viscount Halifax); the Secretary of State for India and Burma (Lawrence John Lumley Dundas, 2nd Marquess of Zetland); the Viceroy of India (Victor Alexander John Hope, Lord Linlithgow); the Minister for Saudi Foreign Affairs [Fayṣal bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd]; officials of the Foreign Office, the India Office, and the Government of India's External Affairs Department.Also included are the following: copies of the minutes of meetings of the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, dated 8 November 1937 and 8 February 1938; a sketch map depicting the various possible boundary lines of south-eastern Saudi Arabia.The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: this file consists of two physical volumes. The foliation sequence commences at the front cover of volume one (ff 1-188) and terminates at the inside back cover of volume two (ff 189-395); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-394; these numbers are printed, and are not circled.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: This file relates to oil concessions in Saudi Arabia, particularly the Hasa [Al Hasa] concession between the Government of Saudi Arabia and the Standard Oil Company of California (SoCal). It includes discussion of the following:Oil negotiations in Saudi Arabia during March and April 1933, and the reported involvement of Major Frank Holmes in negotiations relating to the Kuwait (also spelled Koweit in the file) [Saudi-Kuwaiti] neutral zone.Details of an agreement for the oil concession relating to the Hasa region of Saudi Arabia, made between the Government of Saudi Arabia and SoCal (signed on 27 May 1933), and assigned by SoCal to its subsidiary, the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (Casoc).British concerns regarding a request made by Casoc via the United States Embassy for its aeroplane to be permitted to fly over Kuwait and Bahrain, as part of a survey of the region relating to its oil concession.Reports that Casoc may be interested in exhanging the southern half of its Hasa concession for land further west, and the effect that this might have on Britain's negotiations with Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd].Reports of the discovery of oil in Hasa in 1935, and the discovery of commercial quantities of oil there in March 1938.Reports that Casoc is considering the possibility of laying a pipeline from Hasa to Bahrain.Casoc's oil rights in the Kuwait neutral zone.The progress of operations carried out in Hasa by Casoc, including the status of its wells at Dhahran.An account of a visit made by the Political Agent at Bahrain (Hugh Weightman) to Casoc's site at Dhahran as well as to other areas in the region, in May 1939.Details of a loan from Casoc to the Government of Saudi Arabia.Reports of Casoc having taken the decision to construct a refinery at Ras Tanura.The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Political Agent, Bahrain; the Political Agent, Kuwait; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires, Jedda; the His Majesty's Minister at Jedda; officials of the Foreign Office, the India Office, the War Office, the Air Ministry, and the Petroleum Department; representatives of Casoc.In addition to correspondence the file includes the following:Copies of the oil agreement and a supplementary agreement between the Government of Saudi Arabia and the Standard Oil Company of California, dated 1933 and 1939 respectively.Extracts from Bahrain and Kuwait intelligence reports.The minutes of an interdepartmental meeting held at the Colonial Office on 26 April 1933, concerning British interests in oil in the Persian Gulf (notably Kuwait, Bahrain, Hasa in Saudi Arabia, and the Kuwaiti neutral zone).Draft and final copies of a War Office report entitled 'Brief Summary of the Oil Situation in the Middle East, November 1934'.The date range of the volume is 1923-1945 but only a handful of items date from before 1933. These include copies of the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf's correspondence with the Secretary of State for the Colonies and the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India respectively, which date from 1923 to 1926 and concern the possibility of oil development both in Qatar and on the Trucial Coast.The file includes three dividers which give a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. These are placed at the back of the correspondence (folios 2-4).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 575; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: This file relates to boundaries in eastern Arabia (specifically Saudi Arabia and Qatar). It concerns British policy regarding what is referred to as the 'blue line' (the frontier which marked the Ottoman Government's renunciation of its claims to Bahrain and Qatar, as laid down in the non-ratified Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913 and redefined and adopted in the Anglo-Ottoman Convention of the following year).Much of the correspondence relates to a request for a copy of the 1913 Anglo-Ottoman Convention, which was submitted by the United States Embassy in Angora [Ankara] to its British counterpart (reportedly on behalf of the United States' State Department), as well as to the wider significance of this request in relation to the United States' oil interests in the region.The correspondence also discusses Foreign Office concerns that aerial survey work carried out by the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (Casoc) in relation to its Hasa oil concession might extend beyond the blue line (subsequent correspondence relays reports of Casoc's aeroplane having crossed the blue line).Although the date range of the file is 1913-1934 most of the material dates from 1934. In addition to correspondence from 1934, the file includes two letters between officials of the Foreign Office and the India Office dating from 1924, and printed copies of the Anglo-Ottoman Conventions of 1913 and 1914 (in English and French), both of which contain enclosed maps (with text in English and Arabic). Also included with the Conventions are printed copies of agreements and treaties between Britain and various Gulf rulers, covering 1820-1904, and printed copies of Anglo-Ottoman protocols, covering 1903-1905.Notable correspondents include the following: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); the British Ambassador in Angora (Percy Loraine); Hugh Millard, United States Embassy, London; officials of the Foreign Office and the India Office.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 91; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The file is concerned with an application from Petroleum Concessions Limited for a general permission to operate aircraft within Qatar and the wider Persian Gulf; under the Qatar Oil Concession the company was required to seek permission from the Shaikh of Qatar for each flight. There is also correspondence related to a proposal from the Petroleum Development (Qatar) Limited to establish a landing ground near its camp at Jebel Dukhan in western Qatar.The main correspondents are as follows: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, the Political Agent at Bahrain, and officials of the India Office. It also contains letters from representatives of Petroleum Concessions Limited and Petroleum Concessions (Qatar) Limited.The file does not contain any papers from 1938, and the years 1940-1944.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 56; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: This volume relates to the eastern boundary of Saudi Arabia and the southern boundary of Qatar.Much of the correspondence discusses the legal and international position of what is referred to as the 'blue line' (the frontier which marked the Ottoman Government's renunciation of its claims to Bahrain and Qatar, as laid down in the non-ratified Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913 and redefined and adopted in the Anglo-Ottoman convention of the following year), which is regarded by the British as the eastern boundary of Saudi Arabia, but is disputed by the Saudi Government, mainly on the grounds that it is no longer correct, following various developments during the years since the line was demarcated.British concerns regarding these boundaries follow a recent oil concession for the Hasa [Al Hasa] region of Saudi Arabia, granted by the Saudi Government to the Standard Oil Company of California, as well as reports of the possibility of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company securing an oil concession in Qatar.Related matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:The British policy regarding the blue line.The views of India Office and Foreign Office officials, as well as other British officials (most notably Sir Percy Zachariah Cox, former Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and Harold Richard Patrick Dickson, Political Agent at Kuwait), regarding the demarcation of the southern boundary of Qatar.British concerns regarding the land lying between the blue line and the southern boundary of Qatar, as recognised by the Sheikh of Qatar [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Jāsim Āl Thānī].A request for a copy of the 1913 Anglo-Ottoman Convention, submitted by the United States Embassy in Angora [Ankara] – reportedly on behalf of the United States' State Department – to its British counterpart, and the wider significance of this request in relation to the United States' oil interests in the region.Foreign Office concerns that aerial survey work carried out by the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (Casoc) in relation to its Hasa oil concession might extend beyond the blue line.The volume features the following principal correspondents: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); the Political Agent, Kuwait (Lieutenant-Colonel Harold Richard Patrick Dickson); the Secretary of State for India (Samuel Hoare); the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs; officials of the Foreign Office, the India Office, the Admiralty, and the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department.In addition to correspondence, the volume includes extracts from Bahrain political intelligence reports and minutes of meetings of the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, which concern the Qatar boundary.Whilst the volume contains material dating from 1923 to 1934, the vast majority of the material dates from 1934. The French material consists of a short extract from the aforementioned Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913, which is contained in copies of an India Office memorandum on the southern boundary of Qatar.The volume includes two dividers which give a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. These are placed at the back of the correspondence (folios 3-4).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 374; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The front and back covers have not been foliated.
Abstract: This part of the volume consists of a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, No. 104 of 1842, dated 28 September 1842. It contains material related to the following:The Officiating Resident in the Persian Gulf, Lieutenant H D Robertson’s consultations with local merchants on the status of trade in the port of Bushire [Bushehr]The arrival of a Dervish, claiming to be Jehan Soz Mirza [Jahānsūz Mīrzā], son of the late Futteh Allee Shah [Fatḥ ‘Alī Shāh Qājār], and uncle of the current King of Persia [Muḥammad Shāh Qājār, Shāh of Iran], on the Island of Karrack [Kharg]The intention of Mahomed Shah [Muḥammad Shāh Qājār] and the Prince of Fars [Ṭahmāsb Mīrzā Qājār Mu’ayyid al-Dawlah] to go to war against TurkeyThe war between Shaik [Shaikh, also written here as Sheik] Mahomed bin Khuleefa [Muḥammad bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah] and Shaik Abdullah bin Ahmed [‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah] on Bahrein [Bahrain], and the fighting at Monamah [Manama] and Sitrall [Sitra]The death of Dhej [Shaikh Duʿayj bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah], brother of Shaik Mahomed bin Khuleefa, in a skirmish against the forces of Shaik Abdullah bin AhmedThe meeting of Shaik Ali bin Khuleefa [Shaikh ‘Alī bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah] and Sheik Humood bin Sulmon [Shaikh Ḥamūd bin Salmān Āl Khalīfah] with Shaik Abdullah bin AhmedThe victory of Shaik Abdullah bin Ahmed’s forces over those of Shaik Mahomed bin Khuleefa, led by Abdool Rahman bin Abdool Luteef [‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin ‘Abd al-Laṭīf]; the death of Shaik Abdullah’s grandson, Mahomed bin Moobarak [Shaikh Muḥammad bin Mubārak Āl Khalīfah] during the battle and the flight of Shaik MahomedThe arrival of Shaik Mahomed at Lahsa [Al-Ahsa], and the possibility of assistance from Ameer Abdoolla bin Sooneyan [Amīr ‘Abdullāh bin Thunayān Āl Sa‘ūd] at Riaz [Riyadh]The permission given by Shaik Abdullah bin Ahmed to pearl fishers to go to the banks; his departure for Guttur [Qatar] on 12 Jumadee ool sanee [Jumadī al-Thānī]; and intention to repair the town of Zubara [Al Zubarah] and settle the people of Guttur thereThe rumours about the King of Persia’s intention to invade Bahrein, with part of the army passing through Koweit [Kuwait]The voyages of the ‘piratical Arabs’ of Shargah [Sharjah, also written here as Sharga] to Africa and the Red Sea, and the considerable profit derived from their trade in the ‘article of slaves’ [enslaved persons]The status of a Soomalee [Somali] ‘slave’ belonging to the brother of Abdoolla bin Rashid [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Rāshid al-Mu’allā] of Oomulgevein [Umm al-Qaywayn]The dispute between Abdoolla bin Rashid and Sultan bin Suggur [Shaikh Sulṭān bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī] of Shargah and Ras al Khyma [Ra’s al-Khaymah]The visit of an envoy from Abdoolla bin Sooneyan and Said bin Mootlook [Sa‘īd bin Muṭlaq?] to [Shaikh] Sultan bin Suggur of Shargah, [Shaikh] Abdoolla bin Rashid of Oomulgevein, [Shaikh] Khuleefa bin Shackboot [Khalīfah bin Shakhbūṭ Āl Nahyān] of Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], [Shaikh] Hamid bin Seeroor [Ḥamīd bin Surūr] and [Shaikh] Mahomed bin Abdoolla [Muḥammad bin ‘Abdullāh] of Booraymee [Al Buraymi], as well as [shaikhs] Hamed bin Allee bin Hamood [Ḥamīd bin ‘Alī bin Ḥammūd], Fazil bin Mahomed [Faḍil bin Muḥammad] and Hamed bin Saeef [Ḥamid bin Sayf?]The rumours of a possible fallout between the British Consul, Captain Atkins Hamerton, and the Imam of Oman [Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd]The perceived lack of respect shown by Sheik Nasir [Shaikh Naṣr III Āl Madhkūr, Governor of Bushehr] to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and the Shah of Persia’s determination to remove him from the governorshipThe arrival of a fleet of Russian warships at Asterabad [Astarabad], allegedly to ‘put a stop to the depredations of the Toorkomans [Turkmen]’The arrival of Mahomed Kereem Khan [Muḥammad Karīm Khān], envoy of the Ruler of Herat, Yar Mahomed Khan [Yār Muḥammad Khān ‘Alī Kūzāy], at the court of the King of Persia in TehranThe apparent violations, by the Ottoman Empire, of the peace treaty between Turkey and Persia, by attacking Mohommura [Mohammerah, i.e. Khorramshahr], Sunundij [Sanandaj], Aroomia [Urumiyah], and nomadic tribes on the Persian side of the border, and the complaints of the Persian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Meerza Abul Hasan Khan [Mīrzā Abū al-Ḥasan Khān Shīrāzī] to the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of AberdeenThe complaints of the Persian Prime Minister, Hajee Mirza Aghasee [Ḥājī Mīrzā Āghāsī], to HM Chargé d’Affaires in Tehran, Colonel Justin Sheil, about Turkey’s violation of Persia’s sovereignty, with reference to the peace treaty [Treaty of Zuhab] concluded between Shah Suffee [Shāh Ṣafī I] and Sultan Moorad Khan the Fourth [Sulṭān Murād IV] in 1639The clashes between the Prince Governor of Mazanderan [Ardashīr Mīrzā Qājār, Rukn al-Dawlah’s] troops and the Yoomoot [Yumut] TurkmenThe refusal of the Khan of Khiva [Muḥammad Raḥīm Qulī Khān Qunqurāt] to release the Persian citizens taken captive by Khivan raiders, and Hajee Mirza Aghasi’s contemplation of a punitive campaign against the Khanate.Physical description: 1 item (103 folios)
Abstract: This item consists of copies of a Political Despatch from the Government of India Foreign Department to the Secretary of State for India, dated 23 October 1874, regarding Bahrein [Bahrain] and Guttur [Qatar] affairs.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 460, and terminates at f 469a, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The sequence contains one foliation anomaly: f 469a.
Abstract: The printed supplement, dated 22 January 1870, contains copies of despatches between Lewis Pelly and the Government of Bombay as well as copies of Pelly's correspondence with the Chiefs of Bahrein [Bahrain], Guttur [Qatar] and correspondence between the Government of India and the Government of Bombay.The correspondence relates to operations in Bahrain undertaken by Lewis Pelly in punishing acts of piracy committed by the chief(s) of Bahrain which breached the maritime truce between them and the British Government, and the orders under which he was acting in carrying out these operations.The main perpetrators of the acts of piracy were Mahomed bin Abdullah [Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Khalifah], Nauser bin Mobarek and Mahomed bin Khalifeh [Muhammad bin Khalifah Al-Khalifah] (the Chief of the Bahrain tribes) and the intention of the operation was to capture these individuals; remove Mahomed bin Khalifeh from power replacing him with Esau bin Alee bin Khalifeh [Isa bin Ali Al-Khalifah] and to ensure that any future acts of piracy were deterred.The British Government sent Her Majesty's ship
Daphne, the Gunboat
Clydecommanded by Captain Elton, Her Majesty's ship
Nympheunder the charge of Commander Meara and the Gunboat
Hugh Rosewith Captain G A Douglas as the senior Naval Officer in charge of operations. Two other officers, Lieutenant Acklom and Navigating Lieutenant White, were also credited by Pelly for their work in aiding the success of the operations.The reverse of the supplement records that Lewis Pelly's copy of it was received on 20 March 1870.Physical description: Foliation: The file has been foliated in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio with a pencil number enclosed with a circle.The file has also been paginated 59-67 with printed numbers on the right hand side of each page towards the top. These numbers relate to the edition of the Gazette of India which the supplement was originally included with.
Abstract: The volume contains correspondence sent and received by the Political Agent at Bahrain regarding the arrangements and programmes for visits to Bahrain of the following:the Minister at Jedda, Sir Andrew Ryan, visiting the Gulf;the Political Agent at Kuwait;Mr Rendel of the Foreign Office;Dr Pawelke, Secretary to the German legation in Baghdad;Mr Loxle;the British Ministry at Tehran, Mr and Mrs Seymour, visiting Qatar and Bahrain;Princess Alice and Earl of Athlone, on a private visit to Ibn Saud and to Bahrain, Qatar and to the California-Arabian Standard Oil (CASOC) oil camp at Al Khobar;the British Ministry in Jedda, Sir Reader Bullard;the British Ambassador at Baghdad, Sir Basil Cochrane Newton visiting Bahrain, Dubai, Muscat and CASOC at Dharhan (account of his tour on folios 246-256);Emir Saud [Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd] visiting Baghdad;the Officers of the Geological Survey of India visiting the Persian Gulf.The documents in the volume are mainly in English. There is correspondence in Arabic with English translations, with Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, Ruler of Bahrain, Shaikh Abdullah bin Qasim Al Thani, Ruler of Qatar, and the Government of Saudi Arabia at Al Khobar.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 , and terminates at the inside back cover with 287; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are present between ff 5-259 and ff 260-283 respectively. These numbers are also written in pencil, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence, but they are not circled.