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493. File 37/1905 Pt 1 'Aden Frontier Delimitation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence and reports related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden). Also enclosed are extracts from Wahab's diary relating to his work on the commission.The file also contains two memorandums written by Lieutenant Colonel Henry Mallaby Abud of the Indian Staff Corps (Indian Army) that discuss the impact of adopting the boundary as recommended by the British commissioners and its impact on relations with tribes in the region (folios 191-195 and 358-367).The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The file contains four maps of the Aden border region (folios 67, 77, 268 and 368).The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 543; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
494. File 37/1905 Pt 2 'Aden Frontier Delimitation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence and reports related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden). Also enclosed are extracts from Wahab's diary relating to his work on the commission.The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The file contains four maps of the Aden border region (folios 348-350 and 377).The file also contains a smaller amount of correspondence and documents related to action taken by the Italian Government against 'piracy' in the Red Sea (including a cutting from The Daily Telegraph22 October 1902).The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 396; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
495. File 37/1905 Pt 3 'Aden Frontier Delimitation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence and documents related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden. Much of the correspondence in the file relates specifically to the Amiri border region.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden).The following documents are contained in the file:a report written by Colonel Wahab regarding the demarcation of the Amiri border (folios 178-184);a Foreign Office memorandum entitled 'Memorandum on the Boundary of the British Protectorate of Aden' (folios 706-708);a note compiled by the India Office entitled 'Aden Boundary' (folios 709-711).The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The file contains a printed map of the Aden frontier on folio 726.The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 758; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
496. File 37/1905 Pt 5 'Aden Delimitation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence between British officials regarding the delineation of the border between the British Protectorate of Aden and the Ottoman Vilayet of Yemen.Much of the correspondence is between officials at the Foreign Office and the India Office. Much of the correspondence relates to negotiations between the British and the Ottoman Empire and the work of the Anglo-Turkish Boundary Commission (under Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab and Colonel Mustapha Remzi Bey). The file contains some copies of correspondence in French that were sent to Ottoman officials in the course of negotiations.The file contains seven maps, the details of which are as follows:a series of four maps entitled 'South Arabia, Anglo-Turkish Boundary' Sheets 1-4 (folios 43-46);a printed map entitled 'Map of Subaihi Border' with place names in English and Arabic (folio 120);a printed map of the Shekh Sa'id [Sheikh Said] Peninsula (folio 121);a printed map entitled 'Sketch Map of Aden Boundary' (folio 276).The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 300; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
497. File 600/1905 Pt 1-3 'Aden Hinterland Affairs'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence and memoranda relating to the affairs of the Aden Protectorate. The correspondence is mostly between the Political Residency in Aden, the Political Agency in Dthala [al-Ḍāli‘], the Government of Bombay, the Government of India, the India Office, and the Foreign Office. There are many enclosures to the correspondence, often in the form of printed series of related papers. This includes translations of correspondence to and from tribal leaders.The papers cover discussions around a number of main subjects:the deployment and later withdrawal of a British officer and troops at Dthala;inter-tribal relations;the delineation of the Ottoman Turkish border to the north;treaty negotiations with some of the tribes of the hinterland.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 458; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Additional foliation sequences are present in parallel between ff 115-130, between ff 174-213 and between ff 221-240; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
498. File 600/1905 Pt 4-6 'Aden Hinterland Affairs'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence and memoranda relating to the affairs of the Aden Protectorate. The correspondence is mostly between the Political Residency in Aden, the Government of Bombay, the Government of India, the India Office, and the Foreign Office. There are many enclosures to the correspondence, often in the form of printed series of related papers. This includes translations of correspondence to and from tribal leaders.The papers cover the discussion over, and conclusion of, treaty relations with several tribes and sections of tribes in the Aden Hinterland. This was largely brought about by the delineation of the border with Ottoman Turkish territory and the need to secure support from the tribes of this region.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 264; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
499. File 3086/1915 Pt 1 'German War: Red Sea and Arabia (1914)'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes relating to consideration by the British of the political and strategic situation in the Red Sea area near Aden and actions which might promote British interests in the period up to the start of the First World War.Topics discussed include:Turkish intrigues with the Imam of Yemen and the IdrissiThe proposal by the Resident at Aden in way of preliminary measures to counteract Turkish influence, (1) the loan to the Imam of a man to help with the manufacture of gunpowder; and (2) the bestowal of Hon KCIE’s on the Sultans of Lahej and Mokalla.Pan-Arab emissaries to ArabiaBritish relations with Chiefs of Aden HinterlandReports of Turkish military activity in south-west ArabiaMeasures to be taken in the Yemen in view of probable war with TurkeyDestruction of Turkish shipping in the Red Seaannexation of the Farasan Islands and bombardment or blockade of HodeidaThe views of the Viceroy on the holy places of Najaf and KerbalaProposed negotiations with Idrisi and alliance between Abdali Sultan and Marvia Sheikh.The principal correspondents in the volume are: the Political Resident at Aden; the Colonial Office; the Viceroy; the Permanent Under-Secretary of State for India, India Office; the Permanent Under-Secretary of State, Foreign Office.The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 177; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 91-177; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
500. File 2415/1916 ‘Aden Protectorate:- Gift of £10,000; Gift of Guns to Sultan of Lahej.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises correspondence and other papers relating to the financial and military support Britain gave to tribes in South Arabia (present-day Yemen) during the First World War. Subjects covered include: in 1914, a declaration by the ‘Abdali Sultan of Lahej [Laḩij] of his longstanding friendship and allegiance to Britain; the sale of arms to the ‘Abdali Sultanate; the maintenance of the Sultan and his followers at Aden, after they had fled from Lahej when it was seized by Ottoman forces; a grant of £10,000 given to the Sultan of Lahej in 1919, to enable him to ‘restart his regime’; arrangements made in 1919 for the sale of two mountain (also referred to as Maxim) guns and ammunition to the ‘Abdali Sultanate; continued arrangements for the sale of arms to the ‘Abdali Sultanate, including high explosive and shrapnel shells. The volume’s principal correspondents are: the Foreign Office; the Foreign and Political Department of the Government of India; and the Political Resident at Aden.The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 287; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
501. File 3463/1913 ‘Aden Frontier Proposed ratification of the 1905 boundary settlement’
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains India Office correspondence with the Foreign Office, mainly about the latter’s proposal to seek ratification of the Aden boundary settlement of 1905, as part of British counter-concessions to be tabled at the Anglo-Turkish Commercial Convention negotiations in London, 1913-1914. Included in this correspondence are observations made by the Viceroy of India, representing the views of the Government of India on the Aden frontier question; and discussions with the War Office, London, and the Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton, about the reproduction of the Aden boundary protocols and maps in connection with the ratification process. The volume includes two, mainly French versions of the Aden Boundary Protocols of 1903, 1904 and 1905, jointly signed by Colonel R A Wahab and Colonel Moustapha Remzi Bey, the respective British and Ottoman boundary commissioners, together with two War Office maps dated 1906 and 1914, showing the Aden Protectorate boundary line and on the earlier map, tribal names and boundaries. There are also printed copies in French of a draft version (signed and dated 13 February 1914) and final version (signed and dated 9 March 1914) of the Anglo-Ottoman convention on the Aden frontier, in which both governments agreed to exchange instruments of ratification in London within three months.The volume also contains less extensive correspondence about the commercial proposal (in French) dated 31 July 1913, drafted by Ibrahim Hakki Pasha, the chief Ottoman negotiator in London. This correspondence includes detailed observations made by the British Chargé d’Affaires at Constantinople [Istanbul] and the Board of Trade in London, about the further trade concessions in Persian Gulf countries sought by the Imperial Ottoman Government.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 132; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
502. File 37/1905 Pt 4 'Aden Frontier Delimitation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence and documents related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden. Much of the correspondence in the file relates specifically to the Subaihi border region.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden). The file also contains extracts from Wahab's diary related to his work on the commission.The file contains a detailed report on the demarcation of the frontier entitled: 'Report on the Demarcation of the Frontier between the Tribes in the Protectorate of Aden and the Turkish Province of Yemen; by Major-General P. J. Maitland, C.B., Political Resident at Aden' (folios 25-44).The file contains a number of maps as follows:a printed map of the Sheikh Sa'id Peninsula (folio 94);a printed map of the border region of the British protectorate of Aden (folio 112);a printed map entitled 'Map of Haushabi and Subaihi Border' with list of place names in English and Arabic (folio 237);a printed map of the Sheikh Sa'id Peninsula (folio 239);a hand-drawn entitled 'Map Illustrating Southern Subaihi Frontier Proposals Referred to in Sir N O'Conor's Telegram No. 112' (folio 288);a printed sketch-map entitled 'Aden Boundary Commission Survey Sketch Accompanying No. 19 of 15th March 1904' (folio 291);a printed sketch entitled 'Aden Boundary Commission Survey Sketch Accompanying No. 21 of 15th March 1904' (folio 456);a printed map entitled 'Aden Frontier Survey, Subaihi Boundary in Wadi Ma'din' (folio 457).The file also contains correspondence related to French claims of ownership over Sheikh Said (Cheikh Said), a peninsula near the island of Perim on the Mandeb Strait at the entrance to the Red Sea. The file contains original copies of articles on this topic that were printed in the French newspaper La Dépêche Colonialein September and October 1904 .The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation commences at the inside front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
503. File 3939/1926 Pt 3 'Publications: Revision of Aitchison's Treaties: Aden and Arabia Sections.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This part relates to the Government of India's decision to issue a revised edition of Aitchison's Treaties (full title: A Collection of Treaties, Engagements and Sanads Relating to India and Neighbouring Countries), with revised narratives for each geographical area covered, incorporating the principal events that have occurred since the publication of the previous edition in 1909.The part contains a proof of the revised narrative for the section regarding Aden and the south coast of Arabia (ff 26-63), followed by copies of numerous related treaties and agreements covering the period 1802-1919 (ff 64-208).Also included is a small amount of interdepartmental correspondence discussing the accuracy of the revised proof, and the question of whether all the related treaties and agreements that have been concluded since 1909 should be published in the revised edition, as proposed by the Government of India. Correspondents include the following: the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; officials of the India Office, Foreign Office, and Colonial Office.The French language material consists of several articles among the aforementioned treaties and agreements.Physical description: 1 item (204 folios)
504. File 869/1904 Pt 1 'Arms Traffic: - Red Sea, Africa & Aden'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume is the first of three successive volumes of correspondence (IOR/L/PS/10/32-34), relating to the British prohibition and suppression of arms traffic between ports in Aden, the Red Sea and the coast of East Africa. The several correspondents include officials at the Foreign Office, the India Office and the Admiralty in London, as well as officials in the Government of India Foreign and Political Department and in the Government of Bombay Political Department. Other notable correspondents are the Commander-in-Chief for the East Indies Station and the Senior Naval Officer for the Aden Division, the Political Resident and the First Assistant Resident at Aden, and the British Commissioner for the Somaliland Protectorate. Included in the correspondence between officials are: a petition from the people of Zeyla [Zeila] to the Deputy Commissioner of British Somaliland in 1905, representations made by British Indian merchants to the Political Agent at Muscat in 1903, a witness statement made by an Arab boat captain to the Harbour Police at Aden in 1905, and an arms traffic intelligence report received from a Reuter’s agent in about 1903. There are a few nineteenth century enclosures to the correspondence between officials, including two letters written in 1891, from Ras Makunan [Makonnen] the Governor of Harrar [Harar, Ethiopia], to the Political Agent and Consul for the Somali Coast.The volume contains a small amount of correspondence in French, in the form of an exchange of notes between the French Minister and the British and Italian Ambassadors in Paris and London, 1905-1906, as well as a copy in French of the Arms Traffic Agreement between France, Italy and Great Britain that was signed in London on 13 December 1906. The diplomatic correspondence also includes an English translation of a document entitled ‘Instructions for the Suppression of the Traffic in Arms in Somaliland’, compiled in about 1904 by the Italian Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs and the Italian Minister of Marine.The file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 288; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are also present in parallel between ff 67-85, and ff 97-169; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.