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37. 'In the European quarter, Bagdad.' Photographer: Wilfrid Malleson
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject MatterView in the European quarter, Baghdad.A group of women stand in the centre of the image. In the right background a minaret can be seen. From left tall palms rise behind a high stone wall while from right a row of houses, with several projecting mashrabiyyas, extend into the centre background.InscriptionsInk, below image: 'Near the Customs House, Bagdad.'Pencil, above image at right: ‘41’;’19’Physical description: Dimensions:97 x 124 mmCondition:The print is in good condition with minor surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘41’
38. 'In the Bagdad Bazar.' Photographer: Wilfrid Malleson
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject Matter:View in the Baghdad bazaar. A group of men and children stand in the foreground, some looking towards the camera. In the background a large mashrabiyya and several other structures are visible as well as woven reed or palm roofing over what may be a café. To the left of the building pumpkins, melons and other produce are piled for sale.Inscriptions:Ink, below image 'In the Bagdad Bazar.'Physical description: Dimensions:151 x 188 mmCondition:The print is in good condition with minor surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘37’
39. 'List of Enclosures in the Bengal Secret Letters dated 9th February, 31st March, 3rd May + 6th June 1808, relative to Persia'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume relates to affairs in Persia [Iran] and contains copies of letters, extracts and translations of letters, intelligence reports, and proceedings of Governor-General in Council meetings at Fort William, Calcutta [Kolkata], being enclosures to several despatches sent during the first half of 1808 (9 February, 31 March, 3 May, and 6 June) to the Secret Committee, in London, from the Secret Department of the Bengal Presidency, Fort William.A list of the enclosures is included at the beginning of the volume (folios 3-4), including enclosure number, date written, summary of content, and a page reference (to the original pagination). This is followed (folios 5-10) by a separate ‘list of packets’ for the 9 February, 31 March, and 3 May despatches. Each is a list of the numbered enclosures that were included within each packet when sent. Not all items contained in these lists are present within the volume.The papers deal with a range of matters, including:British fears of French ascendency in Persia, including a suspected plan to invade India from PersiaThe outbreak of war between Britain and Denmark, and the subsequent occupation of Danish colonies in India by BritainAffairs in Bagdad [Baghdad], including relations with the Pacha [Pasha]Appointment of Brigadier-General John Malcolm as Political Agent in Persia and his diplomatic mission to the Persian Court in 1808Events connected to the Napoleonic Wars including the evacuation of British forces from Alexandria in September 1807, the surrender of the Russian fleet in the Mediterranean Sea, and the Treaty of Tilsit, 1807, between France and RussiaInternal affairs of PersiaFrench plans for a trading settlement in the Persian GulfBritish plans for stationing a naval force in the GulfRelations between the British Resident at Muscat, Captain David Seton, and the Imaum [Imam Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd]Affairs in Afghanistan.Correspondents include the following: Lord Minto [Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound], Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William; Neil Benjamin Edmonstone, Secretary to the Governor-General, Fort William; Nicholas Hankey Smith, Resident, Bushire [Būshehr]; Captain Court Schuyler, Resident, Goa; John Hine, Acting Resident, Bagdad; President and Council, Fort St George, Madras [Chennai]; Samuel Manesty, Resident, Bussora [Basra]; Jonathan Duncan, Governor of Bombay [Mumbai]; Raphael de Picciotto, Austrian Consul, Aleppo; John Barker, Consul of the Levant Company, Aleppo, writing from exile in Haussa [Harissa, Keserwan, Lebanon]; Captain Benjamin Hallowell, Commander of the Tigreand Commander-in-Chief of His Majesty’s Sea Forces on the Coast of Egypt; Brigadier-General John Malcolm, Political Agent in Persia and Envoy to the Persian Court; and Jafer Ali Khan [Ja‘afar ‘Alī Khān], Agent at Sheraze [Shiraz].Folios 196-201 comprise extracts, translated extracts, and summarised intelligence taken from intercepted letters to Monsieur Frezel, a French Engineer and Aide-de-Camp to General Gardanne [Claude Matthieu de Gardane], the French Envoy to the Court of Persia.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 207; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume includes an original pagination sequence.
40. 'Near the Customs House, Bagdad.' Photographer: Wilfrid Malleson
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject MatterView on the Tigris riverbank near the customs house, Baghdad.A large crowd and numerous beasts of burden take up most of the scene from lower left to right of centre, where filled sacks are being loaded or unloaded at the riverside. In the background the pontoon bridge is visible at left as well as a number of boats. Two-storey buildings with one projecting mashrabiyya line the riverbank at right. A group of men sit on benches in the shade on the terrace of a café.InscriptionsInk, below image: 'Near the Customs House, Bagdad.'Physical description: Dimensions:105 x 133 mmCondition:The print is in good condition with minor surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘40’
41. 'Mesopotamia Administration Committee'
- Description:
- Abstract: Table giving abstracts of proposals made by the War Cabinet, with comments on those proposals by Sir Percy Zachariah Cox and the Government of India.The proposals include:Occupied territories being administered by His Majesty's Government, instead of the Government of IndiaBasra to remain under British administrationBagdad [Baghdad] to be an Arab state with a local ruler of Government, but under British protection, using local laws and institutions where possible.British Civil Service (in Mesopotamia) to be amalgamated with that of Soudan [Sudan] and the Levant.Shiah holy places to be a separate enclave not under direct British controlIrrigation, Navigation and Rivers to be under British administrationKoweit [Kuwait] and Arabian littoral of Persian Gulf, including Oman, to be controlled by BasraSouth Persia to be within Government of India's sphere of influencePhysical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 130 and terminates at folio 131, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present between folios 6-153; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
42. 'MESOPOTAMIAN ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE. Report of Sub-Committee appointed under paragraph 17 of the minutes of 21st March 1917.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The report details the investigation undertaken by the sub-committee in looking at the division of work between the Indian and Mesopotamian services, and sources of recruitment for the latter. The recommendations based on the report comprise:The limits of the Bagdad Vilayet and the question of holy places: focusing particularly on the need for British Control of the canal system and land irrigated by it.Arab administration in Bagdad Vilayet: discussing the unsuitability of the 'Irak Code' in administering Bagdad and the need to maintain the local judicial system as far as possible.Headquarters of Government: stating that their belief that the title and place of residence of the Head of the Mesopotamian Administration would depend on the future of the Basra Vilayet and that the title needed to ensure the continuing the Arab 'facade'.Civil Service: Regarding the potential need for a special Civil Service for Mesopotamia, the possibility of amalgamating it with the Sudan, and the likely need for Officers from the Indian Services.West and South Coast of Persian Gulf: proposing that the Arabian littoral of the Persian Gulf be placed under the control of Mesopotamian authorities instead of the Government of India.Aden and South Coast of Arabia: recommending that the opportunity be taken to relieve the Government of India of Aden and its dependencies.The report concludes by recommending that administrative arrangements for Mesopotamia should be consistent with the future policy of His Majesty's Government and discussing possible alternatives for the current international position of the Bagdad Vilayet.The Sub-Committee was composed of Thomas William Holderness; Mark Sykes; Arthur Henry McMahon; (Frederic) Arthur Hirtzel; Ronald Graham; and George R Clerk. The secretary to the Committee, who produced the report dated 27 March 1917 was John Evelyn Shuckburgh.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 123 and terminates at folio 124, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 6-153; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
43. 'MESOPOTAMIAN ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE. DRAFT REPORT OF COMMITTEE.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The draft report of the Mesopotamian Administration Committee containing recommendations made by the committee.These recommendations include:The occupied territories of Mesopotamia being administered in the future by His Majesty's Government and not by the Government of India;The Basra Vilayet territory remaining permanently under British administration;Proposed boundaries for the region which would ensure that Holy Places remained outside of British control;The proposed system of Arab Administration of the Bagdad Vilayet, including the committee's desire for the 'Irak Code' not to be implemented there and local judicial systems to be maintained where possible;The considerations needed over the title and place of residence of the future Head of the Mesopotamian Administration, which would depend on the future status of the Basra Vilayet, and on concerns over how a potential British position of 'High Commissioner of Mesopotamia' might look to the Arabs;The possible need for the creation of a Mesopotamia Civil Service which could be amalgamated with that of the Sudan and also the Levant;Arabistan [Khuzestan] and the Sheikh of Mohammera [Khorramshahr] remaining under the political influence of Southern Persia, which should be under British influence; and the Bakhtiari county to be included in the British sphere of influence of the Indian Government;the placing of responsibility for the Arabian littoral and Muscat under Mesopotamian authorities rather than the Government of India;The relieving of the Government of India of responsibility for Aden and its dependencies;That the administration of Mesopotamia should perhaps be arranged along similar lines to Egypt.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 125 and terminates at folio 126, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 6-153; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
44. 'MESOPOTAMIA ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE.'
- Description:
- Abstract: Copies of Telegrams between the Viceroy (Frederic Thesiger, The Lord Chelmsford), Secretary of State (Austen Chamberlain) and Sir Percy Zachariah Cox on the future administration of Mesopotamia, March to April 1917:Telegram P 1234 from Viceroy, Foreign Department, 26 March 1917: regarding the need for steps to be taken to overhaul and replace the defunct Turksh administration and for the work of the civil departments to continue in Bagdad.Telegram P 1315 from Secretary of State to Viceroy, Foreign Department, 29 March 1917: regarding the Committee of the War Cabinet's conclusions for the future administration and political control of Mesopotamia and Arabia, including that occupied territories were to be administered by His Majesty's Government; that Basra was to remain permanently under British administration; Bagdad to be an Arab state under British protection and to be administered as an Arab province and without the use of the 'Irak Code'; Koweit [Kuwait] and Arabian littoral, including Oman, to be controlled by Basra;Telegram P 1434 from Sir Percy Cox, to the Government of India, 7 April 1917: giving Cox's own opinions that there is no suitable candidate to be ruler and that perhaps an administrative council would be more appropriate; the need for a uniform code of law for both Bagdad and Basra; proposals for Nejef [Najaf] and Kerbela [Karbala] to be independent townships; and expressing his willingness to undertake the carrying out of this policy if required.Telegram P 1433 from Sir Percy Cox, to the Foreign Department, Government of India, 8 April 1917: requesting information on the individuals proposed for the positions of Judicial Adviser and Subordinate Revenue Officers and suggesting Colonel Knox for the position of Judicial Adviser.Draft of a proposed telegram to the Viceroy, undated but after 7 April 1917: advising that no work on introducing an Arab administration should be undertaken whilst Mesopotamia is under military occupation, and that only such administration as is required to preserve order and meet the needs of the occupying force.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 127 and terminated at folio 129, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 6-153; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
45. ‘Passport regulations recently promulgated by the Sublime Porte in the Pachalie of Bagdad’
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosures no. 2-7 to a despatch from the Secret Department, Bombay [Mumbai] Castle, dated 28 February 1848. The enclosures are dated 23 October 1847-26 February 1848. The enclosures consist of copies of correspondence relating to new passport regulations in Bagdad [Baghdad] imposed by the Government of the Ottoman Empire. The primary correspondents are the Political Agent in Turkish Arabia and the Government of India.Physical description: 1 item (10 folios)
46. 'Entrance of the main bazar from the bridge of boats. Custom House on the right.' Photographer: Wilfrid Malleson
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject Matter:View of the entrance to the main bazaar in Baghdad. The photograph was taken from the bridge of boats (pontoon bridge) across the Tigris. In the foreground , middle-ground and background a large number of people, mostly men, stand in an open space. At right a white donkey is visible.On the right in the background the customs house, a two-storey building with a large roofed-in terrace, is visible. At left the entrance to the bazaar is an arched portico.Inscriptions:Ink, below image: 'Entrance of the main bazar from the bridge of boats Custom House on the right.'Physical description: Dimensions:145 x 190 mmCondition:The print is in good condition with minor surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘36’
47. 'Entrance of the main bazar, Bagdad.' Photographer: Wilfrid Malleson
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject MatterView in the main bazaar, Baghdad. Several figures walk from centre to right while a child stands facing the camera at left. The brick two or three-storeyed buildings on the right feature projecting mashrabiyyas.InscriptionsInk, below image: 'Entrance of the main bazar, Bagdad.'Physical description: Dimensions:109 x 141 mmCondition:The print is in good condition with minor surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘41’
48. ‘Memorial from Mrs Rich’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations, cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay and from the Court of Directors. The correspondents are the Government of Bombay; the Court of Directors; Claudius James Rich, Political Agent in Turkish Arabia; John Hine, Assistant Political Agent in Turkish Arabia; John Wedderburn, Civil Auditor; Mary Rich, widow of Claudius James Rich.The item concerns a memorial from Mary Rich asking that the Court remit the financial penalty of the loss of Claudius Rich’s personal allowances from 13 April 1814-20 September 1815 while he was in Europe. This request is granted in view of Rich’s excellent service and his death from cholera in the course of his duties.The rest of the item provides background to this case including discussions of:Rich’s salary and allowancesHis unauthorised journey to Constantinople and ViennaWhether this journey warranted his dismissal from his postA decision to withhold his personal allowance from the time he left Constantinople to the time he returned.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Political No. 843, Draft 491, P.C. 209, [Season] 1823/4’ and ‘Examiner’s Office 1822’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 9, and terminates at f 53, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.