Abstract: Genre/Subject Matter:View of the ruined mosque at Suq el Khamis [Khamis Mosque], Manama, Bahrain, built during the era of the Umayyad caliph Umar II.Two minarets along the horizon.Inscriptions:Below image, in pen: 'Mosque – Suq el Khamis'Below image, in pencil: ‘503’Physical description: Dimensions:74 x 50 mmCondition:The image is in good condition.Foliation:‘503’Process:Silver gelatin print
Abstract: Genre/Subject Matter:View of the ruined mosque at Suq el Khamis [Khamis Mosque], Manama, Bahrain, built during the era of the Umayyad caliph Umar II.Two figures at far left.Inscriptions:Below image, in pen: 'Mosque at Suq el Khamis'Below image, in pencil: ‘504’Physical description: Dimensions:54 x 78 mmCondition:The image is in good condition.Foliation:‘504’Process:Silver gelatin print
Abstract: Letter No. 164 from Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Charles Ross, Her British Majesty's Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, to Alfred Comyn Lyall, Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department, 1 May 1879, enclosing notes on the islands of Bahrain and Antiquities, written by Edward Law Durand, and commenting that some of the antiquities described had not been documented before and were of interest to the British Museum who were funding further research and excavation.The notes are broken down into the following headings:BahrainDescriptive: describing the physical geography of the islands and their surrounding waters, the longitude and latitude and navigable access by sea;Trade: describing the pearl and date trades, and ways in which trade and harbour access might be improved;Interior of the Islands: describing geographical features inland;Water: describing the locations of fresh springs across the island and also the availability of salt;Trees and Plants; describing the flora and fauna of the islands;Animals: tame animals including horses, donkeys, camels and cowsWild animals: including gazelle, mongoose and hares.AntiquitiesAntiquarian: giving an account of the earliest known history of the islands, including their rulership by the Phoenicians, Babylonians, Persians, Arabs and Portuguese, before describing the antiquities to be found on the islands.The notes describe the antiquities visited by Captain Durand during trips to Bahrain, including all the mosques on the islands; an old stone water well found in a date grove near Bilad-i-Kadim [Bilad al Qadeem]; a number of mounds at Ali [Aali] which were determined to be temples or tombs, which Durand speculates may have been the great Phoenician cemetery of Gerrha and which he spent several days exploring and excavating.The notes include illustrations (folios 29, 30, 33 and 35) to accompany the report, which were lithographed from originals supplied by the Foreign Department of the Government of India.The notes also included two maps which have since been removed and are kept in the India Office Maps Collection (IOR/W/L/PS/18/B95).Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 25, and terminates at folio 38, since it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. These numbers are written in pencil, but are not circled.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding the development of the armed police force in Bahrain between the years 1930 and 1944.The documents discuss the British authorities' desire to reduce the number of Indians employed in the police force and make it appear less noticeably 'foreign'. Various other reforms and training initiatives during this period are also discussed.A full, detailed report from 1940 entitled 'A Report on the Bahrain Police with Suggestions for their improvement' is contained on ff. 70-167a.The file also contains detailed instructions regarding protocol for the use of force by the police against crowds (notably the use of firearms against illegal assemblies) and documents containing a broader discussion of the nature of Britain's role in Bahrain.Physical description: Previously a bound correspondence file, its sheets have been unbound and are now loose. A foliation system of circled pencil in top right-hand corner of each front-facing page begins on the title page and ends on the last page of text. There is another inconsistent foliation system that is also in pencil in the top right-hand corner of each front-facing page but is not circled.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence related to the development of education in Bahrain. The correspondence discusses the appointment of Geoffrey E. Hutchings as head of the Technical College in Bahrain and the replacement of C.R.L Adrian-Vallance as Director of Education (with F.J Wakelin).The file contains details from a report completed by C.A.F Dundas (the Near East representative of The British Council) regarding a proposal for the establishment of a Gulf College in Bahrain on ff.52 - 56 and ff.95 - 100, and an official British Council report for the 2nd quarter of 1941 (ff.178 - 189).The education of Indians resident in Bahrain is also discussed in the file. f.118 contains a list with the exact number of Indians resident in Bahrain.Physical description: A bound correspondence volume. There is an incomplete foliation sequence and a complete foliation sequence. The complete foliation sequence is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of each folio. It begins on the title page, on number 1, and runs through to 226, ending on the inside of the back cover of the volume.Foliation errors: 2A.
Abstract: The documents contained in this file relate to the US Government's desire to establish a consulate in Bahrain, and more generally to US-UK relations and the USA's activities in the Gulf region between 1943 and 1946.The file contains printed notes of talks held between US and UK officials on a number of topics including Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Persia, Afghanistan, Bahrain and Iraq (folios 68-80) and US Government propaganda materials made by the US Office of War Information and sent to the head of police in Bahrain in 1946 (folios 149b-206). There are three separate Pamphlets – ‘The Story of the United States Government.. How It Started.. And How It Works’, ‘This is the U.S.A’ (both in English) and ‘Care for Children in the USA’ (in Arabic).Physical description: Previously a bound correspondence volume, its sheets have been unbound and are now loose. There is an incomplete pagination sequence, an incomplete foliation sequence, and a complete foliation sequence. The complete foliation sequence is circled in pencil, in the top corner of each folio. It begins on the title page, on number 1, and runs through to 219, ending on the inside of the back cover of the volume. The following details should be noted: f.1 is followed by f.1A; f.148 is followed by f.149A and f.149B (there is no f.149). It should also be noted that ff.149B-168, ff.169A-194, and ff.195-206 form three booklets, which have been placed in between f.148 and f.149A.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence related to the Persian government's claim to sovereignty over the territory of Bahrain. The file contains documents that discuss whether or not Bahrain could be considered formally part of the British Empire, translations of a number of newspaper articles concerning the British role in Bahrain, correspondence between British and Persian officials regarding Bahrain's status and correspondence between British officials regarding the size (and status) of the Persian community in the country.The file also contains documents concerning the activities of a Bahraini national named Abdullah Zeera who travelled to Tehran in 1948 and claimed that Bahrainis wanted Persian rule to be re-established in Bahrain.A British Government Memorandum of Bahrain is contained on ff.152-183. The memorandum contains a history of the country from the pre-1783 era until 1946 and details of Britain's involvement in the country. The file also includes a history of the Bahrain islands (ff110-111) prepared by the Foreign Office Research Department.Physical description: Previously a correspondence file bound by treasury tags, the file's sheets have been unbound and are now loose. Foliation starts with the front cover and continues through to the back cover. Foliation numbers are positioned in the top right hand corner of the recto side , written in pencil and circled. Folios 238, 272, 305 and 324 each have two parts, As and Bs respectively. A secondary foliation system, also written in pencil but not circled, starts on folio 2. This system becomes a pagination system at folio 152 which continues whenever text is present on both sides of the folio. Folios 141A. 141B and 142 are contained within an envelope.
Abstract: The volume contains correspondence and other papers related to the establishment of an aerodrome at Bahrain, for the use of the British air transport operator Imperial Airways Limited. The main correspondents in the file are the Political Agent at Bahrain (Captain Charles Geoffrey Prior until November 1932, Captain Percy Gordon Loch thereafter), the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Fowle), and the Advisor for the Bahrain Government Charles Dalrymple-Belgrave. Other correspondents include representatives of the Royal Air Force (R.A.F.) and Imperial Airways Limited.Most of the papers in the file relate to the drawing up of an agreement between the Government of Bahrain and Imperial Airways, for the installation and use of an aerodrome in Bahrain. The first draft of the agreement, dated 31 August 1932, is included in the file (folios 9-13), and is followed by extensive correspondence where issues and revisions to specific articles are raised. These chiefly relate to the payment of customs duties on cargo travelling through Bahrain by air, and the use of aerodrome facilities by other, including foreign, operators, wireless facilities. Subsequent revisions of the agreement can also be found in the file (folios 39-41, 80-87, 101-07).The relative merits of landing strips at Manama and Muharraq in Bahrain are also discussed. Soil test analyses conducted by the R.A.F. suggest that the land at Muhurraq is better suited for larger aircraft (folio 142). A suitable gift for Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, to thank him for his co-operation in negotiations, is also discussed between government officials and representatives of Imperial Airways (folios 68, 139).Physical description: Foliation: The volume has been foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using uncircled numbers in the top-right corner of each recto page. The following foliation anomalies occur: 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e.The following folios are fold-outs: 53, 96, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 144.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence related to a number of different topics. The correspondence discusses legislation regarding the ownership of property by Bahrainis in the Hejaz, the ownership of property by foreigners in Bahrain (and Iraq), the status and property ownership rights of Persians in Bahrain and other related issues.The correspondence also contains references to a proposal to raise customs tariffs on Japanese goods imported into Bahrain.Physical description: Previously a bound correspondence volume, the file's pages have been unbound and are now loose.The main foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A second foliation sequences commences at folio 3 and terminates at f 156; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled and can be found in the same position as the main sequence. A third foliation sequence (probably the result of a previous foliation error) commences at f 151 and terminates at f 206; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.Foliation errors: 1A, 1B and 1C.
Abstract: This file contains items related to a number of topics spanning the period between 1933 and 1935. The file includes - in the following order - an account of the election of the Shia Waqf Committee in Bahrain, a discussion regarding the arrival of Everard Gastell as the new political agent in Bahrain and the appropriate protocol for his arrival, letters concerning the work of Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa in Bahrain's court and a proposal to put him in charge of the court while Charles Belgrave (advisor to Shaikh Hamad) is away in England, a letter that mentions a deterioation in Sunni-Shia relations in Bahrain in 1934 and a letter in 1935 concerning the the provision of funds for the construction of the Indian Assistant's Court in Bahrain.Physical description: Unbound, loose pages in a folder. The file's first foliation sequence begins at the first item of correspondence, on number 10 and ends on number 130, the last folio of writing. However, many numbers in between 1 and 130 have been missed out. This sequence is written in pencil, in the top right corner. The second foliation sequence, which is complete and should be used for referencing, begins on the front cover of the file, on number 1, and runs through to number 22, ending on the last folio of writing. This sequence is circled in pencil, in the top right corner.
Abstract: The documents contained in this file cover a diverse range of topics. The file includes - in the following order - letters concerning water boring operations in Bahrain (1925/1926), a report of an assassination attempt against Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa (1926), a petition to the Political Agent from Sunni and Shia inhabitants of Bahrain (1926), a letter regarding Shaikh Hamad's desire to visit Abdullah bin Jasim Al Thani in Qatar (1927), a list showing the quantity and value of foreign goods imported into Bahrain in 1927, discussions regarding the granting of additional land in Bahrain to Mespers, The Mesopotamian-Persian Trading Corporation (1928), reports concerning the Persian school in Bahrain (1928), a letter from the Political Agent in Bahrain to the Political Resident in Bushire that discusses several matters (1929), correspondence that discusses the distinction between Shaikh Hamad's personal flag and the official state flag of Bahrain (1930), an intelligence report on the Qusaibi family of Riyadh (1931) and a letter about the implementation of a 10 percent cut to the personal allowances of the Al Khalifa family (1931).Physical description: Unbound, loose pages in a folder. Foliation starts on the first page of the file. The foliation numbers are written in pencil and circled. They appear in the top right corner of each recto. A previous foliation system runs from folio 3 to folio 8 but has been crossed out. An additional, inconsistent, foliation system appears in pencil and blue crayon, starting on folio 10.
Abstract: This volume contains correspondence regarding the appointment of the first Political Agent to Bahrain (1900). The documents include an assessment of Shaikh Isa bin Ali's rule and discuss the rationale behind the appointment of an Agent to the island as well as the logistics and price involved in doing so. The correspondence is primarily between the Political Resident in Bushire and the Government of India.Later documents, from 1904, discuss the need for the Agent to assume more responsibility and the Political Resident's desire to appoint an officer of the graded-list to the post. The volume also contains documents from 1907/8 related to the practicalities of using the Political Agent's boat against pirates in the area.Physical description: Formerly a bound correspondence file, its sheets have been unbound and are now all loose.The main foliation sequence starts at the titlepage and continues through to the 2nd folio from the back. This sequence is written in pencil in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Original non-sequential numbering is written in blue crayon in the same position.Foliation errors: 1a, 1b,1c, 1d; 21A and 21B, 43a and 43b; 45a and 45b; 54 and 54a; 58 and 58a; 63a, 63b and 63c; 69a, 69b and 69c; 85a and 85b.Foliation omissions: f.28 and f.31