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121. ‘Affairs of the Persian Gulf’
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosure nos. 2-12 to a despatch from the Secret Department, Government of Bombay [Mumbai], dated 30 November 1844. The enclosures are dated 3 September-22 November 1844.The enclosures consist of correspondence relating to the Political Residency in the Persian Gulf, particularly: the removal of coal stores and closing of the commissariat on the Island of Karrack [Kharg], and a request for a new position to be found for the Coal Agent at Karrack; and a complaint to the Government of Persia [Iran] over the planned construction of a tall, fortified tower close to the Residency in Bushire [Bushehr].The primary correspondent is the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.Physical description: 1 item (26 folios)
122. ‘Affairs of the Persian Gulf. Vol:I’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence, minutes and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, letters from the Government of Bombay and the East India Company Court of Directors. It is the first in a series of three items on general affairs in the Persian Gulf (the others are: IOR/F/4/1435/56727 and IOR/F/4/1436/56728).The item is chiefly concerned with general updates of events in the Gulf over the period 1831-1833. In particular, the item relates to:The conflict between Hussein Ali Mirza [Ḥusayn ‘Alī Mirzā Farmānfarmā], Prince of Shiraz (also referred to as the Prince of Fars), and Abbas Mirza [‘Abbās Mīrzā Qājār], Crown Prince of PersiaUpheaval at Bushire [Būshehr] following the death of the governor, Shaik Abdool Russool [‘Abd al-Rasūl Khān Āl Mazkūr]The struggle for power at Bushire between: Shaik Nasser [Nāṣir II Āl Mazkūr], son of Abdool Russool; and Reza Kooli Mirza [Reza Qulī Mīrzā Farmānfarmā], son of Hussein Ali MirzaThe rebellion against the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat by his relatives: Hamed bin Azan of Sohar [Ḥamūd bin Azan Āl Bū Sa‘īd, Shaikh of Ṣuḥār]; and Sued Hillal of Sowack [Sayyid Hilāl bin Muḥammad Āl Bū Sa‘īd, Shaikh of As Suwayq]The unsettled nature of affairs in Oman due to: the above-mentioned rebellion; the Imaum’s frequent absences; and the rise of the Wahabees [Wahabi, tribe]Designs on the Imaum’s territories of Debba [Dibba] and Khor Fikan [Khawr Fakkān] by Sooltan bin Suggur [Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī, Ruler of Ra’s al Khaymah and Sharjah]The Government of Bombay’s concerns about the weakened position of the Imaum and its intervention in Muscat during his expedition to Zanzibar in 1832Acts of ‘piracy’ and disruption to the trade at Muscat and Sohar caused by Rashid bin Humeed [Rashid I bin Ḥumaid al-Nu‘aymī, Shaikh of Ajman]Arrangements made by the Superintendent of the Indian Navy to ensure that there is a sufficient number of vessels in the Gulf.The item also includes minor and general discussions of issues in the Gulf, such as: reported acts of ‘piracy’; relations between the different chieftains; activities of the Wahabees; and the claim for payment by the Shaik of Kishm [Qeshm] for helping the merchant vessel Prinsep.The principal correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; David Anderson Blane, Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Lieutenant Samuel Hennell, Assistant to the Resident in the Persian Gulf. Other correspondents include: the Court of Directors; the Government of Bengal; the Superintendent of the Indian Navy; Native Agents at Shiraz, Muscat, Sharga [Sharjah], and Bahrein [Bahrain]; and the Persian Secretary to the Government of Bombay.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 1339, Draft 435, 1834' and 'Examiner's Office'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 96, and terminates at f 370, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
123. ‘Affairs of the Persian Gulf. Vol: III.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence, minutes and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, extracts from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai] Political Consultations. It is the third in a series of three items on general affairs in the Persian Gulf (the others are: IOR/F/4/1435/56726 and IOR/F/4/1435/56727).The first half of the item (folios 8-76) relates to administrative matters at the Residency in the Persian Gulf (also called the Residency at Bushire [Būshehr]), in particular:Allowances for the Resident and the Residency household, including employees’ salaries and pensionsEstimates for repairs to the Residency houseThe purchase of vessels for use by the ResidentDetails of two robberies carried out on the Residency in 1832 and 1833, including losses sustained and efforts to trace the perpetratorsRequests for medical suppliesProposals by David Anderson Blane, Resident in the Persian Gulf, to establish a Native Agent at Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi].The second half of the item (folios 77-115) relates to administrative matters at the Political Agency in Turkish Arabia (also called the Political Agency at Bussora or Bussorah [Basra]), in particular:Accounts relating to the Agency, including an increase in salary for the Political Agent and the appointment of two Writers [clerks]Allowances and compensation awarded to John Ross, Assistant Surgeon at the Agency, for property lost in a shipwreckRequests for medical supplies for the Agency by RossRequests for medical supplies by Robert Taylor, the Political Agent, on behalf of a charitable group of English gentlemen based in Bagdad [Baghdad].The item also includes requests by the Native Agent at Muscat (also called the Government Agent at Muscat and the Broker at Muscat) to be appointed to a different location.The principal correspondents of the item are: Blane, Taylor, and various secretaries to the Government of Bombay. Additional correspondents include: James Farish, Civil Auditor (Bombay); James McAdam, Secretary to the Medical Board (Bombay); and the Native Agent at Muscat.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 1339, Draft 435, 1834’ and 'Examiner's Office'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 4, and terminates at f 115, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
124. ‘Persian Gulf Affairs. Vol: 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Government of Bombay to the Court of Directors of the East India Company. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of twenty-four items on events in the Persian Gulf.The item concerns:Information given by Major Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf, about the actions of the regime at Bahrein [Bahrain] and those who had seceded from itHostilities between pro-Wahabee [Wahhābi] shaikhs [those allied to the Second Saudi State] and Sheikh Saed bin Tahnnon of Aboothabee [Shaikh Sa‘īd bin Ṭaḥnūn Āl Nahyān of Abu Dhabi], and between ships belonging to Aboothabee and Debaye [Dubai]Communications between Hennell, Major Henry Rawlinson, Political Agent in Turkish Arabia [Ottoman Iraq] and Lieutenant-Colonel Francis Farrant, Her Majesty’s Chargé d’Affaires at TehranUnfounded rumours of the death of Captain Atkins Hamerton, British Consul and Agent in the Dominions of the Imaum [Imam] of MuscatAn attack on the town of Bushire [Bushehr] by Meerza Mehdy Khan [Mīrzā Mahdī Khān]Attacks on the territory of Muscat by Syf bin Humood [Sayyid Syf bin Hamūd Āl Bū Sa‘īd] of Sohar [Sohur] and Shaik Sultan bin Suggur of Rasel Khyma [Shaikh Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī of Ra’s al-Khaymah].The item contains a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft no 334 of 1850’, and ‘Coll[ectio]n 4 in 24 vols’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 134, and terminates at f 141 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
125. ‘In three Volumes. Vol: 2. Affairs of the Persian Gulf’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence, minutes and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, extracts from the Government of Bombay Political Consultations. It is the second in a series of three items on general affairs in the Persian Gulf (the others are: IOR/F/4/1435/56726 and IOR/F/4/1436/56728).The item is chiefly concerned with general updates of events in the Gulf over the period 1831-1833. In particular, the item relates to:Troubles in Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi] following the assassination of Shaik Tahnoon bin Shukhboat [Shaikh Ṭaḥnūn bin Shakhbūṭ Āl Nahyān, Ruler of Abu Dhabi] by two of his brothersRelations between: Shaik Tahnoon; the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat; Sooltan bin Suggur [Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī, Ruler of Ra’s al Khaymah and Sharjah]; Shaik Toorkee bin Saood [Shaikh Turki I bin Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd], the chief of the Wahabees [Wahhābi, tribe]; and other minor chieftainsThe Government of Bombay’s efforts to acquire restitution and punishment for acts of ‘piracy’ committed by subjects of: the Imaum; Shaik Tahnoon; Sooltan; Shaik Nassar [Shaikh Nāṣir II Āl Mazkūr]; the Chief of Shewoo [Bandar-e Chīrū’īyeh?]; the Chief of Narbond [Nāy Band?]; and Shaik Khulfan of Asseloo [Shaikh Khalfān of Bandar-e ‘Asalūyeh]Requests made by the Hakim of Macullah [Governor of Al Mukalla?] for help to suppress a rebellion, and for compensation after he helped an East India Company ship with a delivery of coalMiscellaneous intelligence from the Native Agent at Muscat regarding: activities of the Wahabees, the Prince of Shiraz and the Imaum; events at Muscat, Bushire [Būshehr], Mokha [Mocha] and Boozabee [Abu Dhabi]; conflicts between numerous chieftains; outbreak of plague; and acts of ‘piracy’Arrangements regarding the quantity and activities of Company vessels in the GulfA dispute between David Anderson Blane, Resident in the Persian Gulf, and Commander Henry Wyndham, Commodore of the Squadron of the Indian Navy in the Gulf of Persia, regarding whether Blane should have been informed before Company vessels were dismissed from the GulfPresents offered to Blane and to the Governor of Bombay by the Imaum and the Shaikh of Bushire.The item also refers to minor affairs in the Gulf, including: damage to a Residency building on the island of Corgo [Kharko?]; establishment of a lithographic press in Shiraz; military stores required for the Government of Bushire; and petitions by individuals for compensation, protection and favours.The item contains many correspondents. The principal correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Blane; and Lieutenant Samuel Hennell, Assistant to the Resident in the Persian Gulf. Other correspondents include: the chieftains above-mentioned; the Native Agents at Muscat and Sharga [Sharjah]; Senior Officers in Command of the Squadron in the Indian Navy; Commanders of Company ships the Ternate, the Clive, the Amherst, the Elphinstone, and the Tigris; and the Persian Secretary to the Government of Bombay.There are multiple spellings for most of the names mentioned in the item. The Native Agent at Muscat is also referred to as the Broker at Muscat and the Government Agent at Muscat.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bengal Political Department’, ‘P. C. [Previous Communication] 1339, Draft 435, 1834' and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 371, and terminates at f 656, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
126. 'Book 181 - 1852'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains copies of incoming and outgoing correspondence for the Persian Gulf Residency. At the start of 1852 Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Hennell is Resident, before being superseded in March by Captain Arnold Kemball.The volume includes:Correspondence with the British Envoy at the Court of Persia, Colonel Justin Sheil, reporting on affairs in Persia, on the construction of an upper story for the house of John Malcolm at Bushire, and requesting for information on the history of Bahrain before 1716;Correspondence with the Secretaries to the Government at Bombay regarding affairs in Persia, the Persian Gulf slave trade, commerce, the 1853 occupation of the Island of Carrack [Kharg, Iran] and the conversion of an Armenian to Islam in Basra;Correspondence with the British Envoy at the Court of Persia and the Political Agents at Muscat and Shiraz, in regard to the dispute between the Imam of Muscat and Feerooz Meerza, the Prince Governor of Fars Province, over Bandar-e ʻAbbāsThe volume contains letters in Arabic, one from the Imam of Muscat (folios 57 and 133).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation is written in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. The numbering begins on the first folio with 2, and runs through to the final folio with 146.Pagination: there is also an original pagination sequence, which is not complete; only the pages with writing have been paginated.
127. ‘Proceedings relating to the Bushire Residency & Bussorah Agency. Question as to removing the former from Bushire to the island of Kharrack.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence, minutes and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, letters from the Government of Bombay, the Government of Bengal, and the Court of Directors of the East India Company.The item relates to the suggestion – first in 1828 by Captain David Wilson, the Resident in the Persian Gulf, and again in 1832 by David Anderson Blane, Wilson’s successor – to remove the Residency at Bushire [Būshehr] to the nearby island of Kharrack [Jazīreh-ye Khārk]. In particular the item concerns:The temporary removal in March 1832, due of the outbreak of plague, of the Residency at Bushire to the island of Corgo beside Kharrack, and Blane’s arguments in favour of making this move permanentThe Government of Bombay’s subsequent revisiting of the points raised during Wilson’s earlier suggestion in 1828Wilson’s research in 1828 into potential sites to which the Residency at Bushire could be relocated, with Kharrack found to be the most favourable optionDiscussions in 1828 of the allowances for numerous Residents and Agents throughout the Persian Gulf and options for reducing expensesResearch commissioned by the Supreme Government [Government of Bengal] in 1828 to ascertain comparative costs of establishing a footing on Kharrack and maintaining the Residencies at Bushire and Bussorah [Basra]Suggestion by the Calcutta Financial Committee in 1830 to abolish the Agency at Bussorah and consolidate the affairs of the Gulf under one authority which would be titled ‘Political Agent in the Gulf of Persia’Discussions of the viability of acquiring Kharrack from PersiaThe survey of Kharrack by Lieutenant Samuel Hennell, Assistant in Charge of the Residency in the Persian Gulf, in 1831 to ascertain costs of establishing military fortifications on the island.The principal correspondents in the item are: Wilson; Blane; the Court of Directors; and numerous secretaries heading various departments within the governments of Bombay and Bengal. Other correspondents include: Hennell; John Wedderburn, Civil Auditor and Accountant General, Bombay; Pasha of Bagdad [Dāwūd Pasha, Governor of Baghdad]; Lieutenant-Colonel David Barr, Military Auditor General, Bombay; Sir Charles Malcolm, Superintendent of the Indian Navy.The item also contains a lengthy Minute by John Malcolm, the Governor of Bombay, which mentions numerous policies applicable to the Residency at Bushire (f 49 recto – f 55 recto).The ‘Resident/Residency in the Persian Gulf’ is also referred to as the ‘Resident/Residency at Bushire’ throughout the item.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department No. 2’, ‘P.C. 1216, Draft 111, 1834' and 'Examiner's Office'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 4, and terminates at f 144, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
128. 'Entrance to Bushire Residency'
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject Matter:General view of the Bushire Residency and surrounding buildings, looking across a paved area. A low wall from left to right across the centre of the image divides the paved area from the Residency.To the left of the image a low-ceilinged flat-roofed structure occupies much of the foreground.A string of flags to the left of the scene in front of the building may indicate an official function or visit. A number of figures can be seen standing at the base of the flag-staff.Inscriptions:Upper right, in pencil alongside image: 'a', '34'Below image, in pen: 'Entrance to Bushire Residency'Physical description: Dimensions:153 x 215 mmFormat:Albumen print on paperCondition:The print is in good condition with minor toning at all edges and light surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘a’ (crossed out); ‘34’Process:Albumen print
129. 'Entrance to Bushire Residency'
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject Matter:General view of the Bushire Residency and surrounding buildings, looking across a paved area. A low wall from left to right across the centre of the image divides the paved area from the Residency.To the left of the image a low-ceilinged flat-roofed structure occupies much of the foreground.A string of flags to the left of the scene in front of the building may indicate an official function or visit. A number of figures can be seen standing at the base of the flag-staff.Inscriptions:Upper right, in pencil alongside image: 'a', '34'Below image, in pen: 'Entrance to Bushire Residency'Physical description: Dimensions:153 x 215 mmFormat:Albumen print on paperCondition:The print is in good condition with minor toning at all edges and light surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘a’ (crossed out); ‘34’Process:Albumen print
130. 'Memorandum on the Situation in Southern Persia'
- Description:
- Abstract: The memorandum outlines the development of policy proposals for ensuring the security of British subjects in Persia from 1905-1912. This includes the consideration of the following: the dispatch of a force from India to occupy parts of Southern Persia, an increase in the strength of consular guards, the establishment of a gendarmerie in Southern Persia under Swedish officers, and the payment of subsidies to local tribes to provide security. It also outlines various incidents and outbreaks of unrest that have occurred in Persia over the same period; particular attention is given to Shiraz, and the question of whether or not to evacuate the British consulate there. It is signed by John Edward Ferard, Political Department, India Office.The appendix (folio 14) contains a note addressed to the Government of Persia by Sir George Head Barclay concerning the establishment of a local Persian force in Southern Persia under the command of British officers from the Indian Army.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 6, and terminates at f 14, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
131. 'Memo on Mussondomom'
- Description:
- Abstract: This is a copy of a printed memorandum, with correspondences by Lieutenant-Colonel Lewis Pelly, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire, dated January to February 1863, concerning locating the Persian Gulf Residency at Cape Mussundoom [Musandam]. In letter No. 2A (folios 1-4), dated 1 February 1863, with post-scripts dated 2 February 1863, to the Honorable Henry Lacon Anderson, Chief Secretary to Government in the Political Department, Bombay, Pelly enumerates some of the benefits of changing the location to Musandam and poses thirteen points for consideration should Government approve. Following this is an earlier letter, No. 1A (folios 5-9), dated 12 January 1863, Pelly writes to Anderson with his original memorandum proposing the change of location for the Persian Gulf Residency in the context of developing the Persian Gulf steam line and telegraphic communication. Pelly gives an overview to the background in which Bushire was chosen as the location for the Residency and why it was not well selected, and then gives reasons why Musandam would be better suited. Pelly lists eleven reasons, which include: centrality, telegraphic station, coal depot, and strategic location for policing piracy.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
132. ‘Scene entering the Kotils from Bushire’ by Joseph D'Arcy (1780–1846)
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject Matter:This landscape view of a scene near Bushire [Būshehr] shows a trail winding from left towards high mountain ranges in the background. A large expanse of water – perhaps a river – snakes from right to centre around a bank jutting towards the centre of the image.Temporal Context:Although the image dates from the Ouseley embassy 1810–12, the adjacent caption/description likely dates from c.1880 and was written by later owner of the album, F. G. McCutcheon.Inscriptions:Recto:Lower right corner, in pencil: ‘29’Verso:Upper right, in pencil: ‘Scene entering the Kotils from Bushire’Lower right corner, in pencil: ‘29’Adjacent inscription: ‘29. Scene on entering the Kotils from Bushire. The Kotils are a range of mountains between Bushire and Shiraz’Physical description: Dimensions:236 x 338 mmMaterials:Watercolour on paperCondition:Light surface dirt coats the recto and verso, with staining along all edges. Two small puncture holes at upper left and right corners indicate that the drawing was at one time pinned up.