Abstract: The file contains correspondence, mainly between 1941 and 1944 and starts with reports of the building of a fortified tower at the town of Diba [Dibba] (also spelt Dhibah, Daba) by the minority Qawasim [Āl Qawāsim] (also spelt Jawasim) inhabitants, subjects of the Regent of Kalba [Kalbā'], for protection from cross-border raids by the local Shihuh [Shiḥūḥ] (also spelt Shahuh) majority population, subjects of the Sultan of Muscat. The correspondence discusses the opposition of the Muscat authorities both to the building of this defensive post on the boundary between Qawasim and Shihuh territory and to the occupation of three Qawasim villages in nearby Wadi Madha land in the Shamaliyah District, by armed men sent by the Regent of Kalba, in response to an appeal by the villagers for protection against Shihuh attacks. Also reported are the several visits to Diba by official representatives from Muscat and Kalba, as well as local British officials, to secure a temporary truce and resolve the more or less permanent state of tribal conflict existing in the locality, by negotiating a lasting peace settlement.The main correspondents are the Residency Agent and the Political Officer for the Trucial Coast, (both based at Sharjah); the Political Agents for Bahrain and Muscat; and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf. There are also English translations and one Arabic transcript of several letters from Shaikh Khalid bin Ahmad [Āl Qasimī, Shaikh Khālid bin Ahmad] the Regent of Kalba to the Residency Agent, Sharjah, mainly in 1941, about repeated attacks on Diba by the Shihuh and the progress of his peace negotiations with the representative of the Sultan of Muscat and Oman. There are English translations of several other letters from the Sultan of Muscat and Oman and his ministers, to the Regent of Kalba and the British Consul Muscat, about outbreaks of fighting between the Shihuh and Qawasim at Diba, including a list of Shihuh complaints against the Qawasim (folio 70) and the peace agreement made in 1941 (folio 74).The file also includes a small, black and white photograph (folio 78) of the fortified tower at Diba, taken in 1944 by the Political Officer for the Trucial Coast, Sharjah, after it had been rebuilt in contravention of the peace agreement between the Qawasim and Shihuh inhabitants.Physical description: Foliation: The main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover (f 1) and terminates at the back cover (f 90); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in the file. These numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
Abstract: This file, like the preceding file in this sequence [IOR/R/15/6/219] concerns an ongoing dispute between the Jawasim [Āl Qawāsim] and the Shihuh, two tribes residing at Diba [Dibba, transliterated in various ways throughout the file].The correspondence, which discusses reports of aggression on both sides, features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent and Consul, Muscat; the Political Agent, Bahrain; the Residency Agent, Sharjah; the Political Officer, Trucial Coast, Sharjah; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Sa‘īd]; the Regent of Kalba [Shaikh Khālid bin Aḥmad bin Sultān Āl Qasimī]; the Government of Muscat and Oman's Minister for External Affairs.Much of the correspondence revolves around the contentious issue of a recently constructed tower in the part of Diba inhabited by the Jawasim. Related matters of discussion include the following: the occupation by the Jawasim of villages in the Wadi Madha, which is defended by the Regent of Kalba as an act of protection rather than one of aggression; a reported settlement in late 1941 between the Regent of Kalba and the Sultan of Muscat and Oman; the demolition of the tower at Diba, and the Regent of Kalba's claim for compensation; reports that, contrary to his agreement with the Sultan, the Regent of Kalba has rebuilt the tower.The Arabic language material mainly consists of correspondence between the Political Agent and Consul at Muscat and representatives of the Sultan of Muscat and Oman.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 175; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: This file, continuing on from the previous file in the sequence [IOR/R/15/6/220], concerns an ongoing dispute between the Qawasim [Āl Qawāsim] and the Shihuh, two tribes residing at Diba [Dibba, transliterated in various ways throughout the file].The correspondence, which discusses reports of aggression on both sides, features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent and Consul, Muscat; the Political Agent, Bahrain; the Political Officer, Trucial Coast, Sharjah; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Sa‘īd]; the Government of Muscat and Oman's Minister for Foreign Affairs. Also discussed is whether the Sultan of Muscat and Oman should appoint an official for the Shihuh population at Diba.The Arabic language material consists of correspondence between the Political Agent and Consul at Muscat and the Sultan of Muscat and Oman.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 28; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.