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1. 'File 14/3 Foreign Interests - American (General)'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence relating to American influence and activities in the Persian Gulf. The correspondence is mostly between the Political Agency at Bahrain, the Political Residency at Bushire (later at Bahrain), and the India Office.The file opens with a copy (folio 3) of correspondence on the subject of American influence in Saudi Arabia, between the British Ministry at Jeddah and the Foreign Office, dated 4-10 May 1944.The file contains a report, dated 1 March 1945 (folios 5-9) by Tim Hickinbotham, Political Agent at Bahrain, on American activities in the fields of politics, commerce, aviation, and wireless and telegraphic communications.The file also contains a letter (folio 13) from the Persian Gulf Residency, Bahrain, to Doctor W H F Storm of the American Mission Hospital in Manama, dated 12 November 1949, regarding medical work in the Hadhramaut region of Yemen.At the back of the file (folio 14) are internal office notes.On the front cover of the file there is reference to 'File 18/8 and 1 A/20'. These files are believed lost or destroyed.Physical description: Foliation: The main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 3-14; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
2. 'File XXIII/1 British Consulate Muscat, Travels in Oman, 1894-1900'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding a proposed journey from Muscat across southern Arabia to Hadhramaut in Yemen by the explorer, James Theodore Bent.The correspondence focuses on Bent's request for an Indian surveyor in the employ of the Government of India to accompany him on the trip as he had done on a previous journey.Also discussed is the issue of whether or not Bent should inform the Turkish [Ottoman] Government of his intentions. The correspondence is between officials at the India Office, the Foreign Office, the Political Residency in Bushire, the Government of India and the Royal Geographical Society in London.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 10; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
3. 'File XXIII/5 Travels in Oman. Intending Travellers (1911 to 1922)'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence between British officials related to two topics:A request made in 1911 by the Danish Legation in London (on behalf of the Royal Danish Geographical Society) for the British Government to support a proposed Danish expedition to Oman and Hadhramaut in Yemen. The request was turned down by the Foreign Office (folios 4-8)A request made in 1922 by Isidor Morse, a 'naturalised Englishman' born in the United States of America, to enter the Omani interior in order to hunt for the Arabian tahr (a type of goat). This request was turned down by the Political Agency in Muscat (folios 9-15).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 17; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
4. File 8/22 Eastern Aden Protectorate Intelligence Summaries
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains periodic intelligence summaries for the East Aden Protectorate. From the beginning of January 1941 to the end of May 1941 the reports are weekly. From June 1941 they become monthly. The reports are composed by the Resident Adviser, based in Mukalla.Each report consists of an update on the political and tribal affairs of the statelets that make up the Eastern Aden Protectorate, including:the Qu'aiti State of Shihr and Mukalla;the Kathiri State of Seiyun;the Mahri Sultanate of Qishn and Sokotra;the Wahidi Sultanate of Bir Ali and Balihaf;the Shaikhdom of Irqa and Haura;the Indeterminate Area.News from neighbouring countries such as Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and the Western Aden Protectorate was also sometimes included.From April 1942 the reports expand and include important summarised information on finances, education, medical matters, food security, shipping, military and naval matters, agriculture and fisheries, meteorology, internal security, the effects of the war, and slavery.Most likely due to shortages of paper during the war, the reports are sometimes printed on the back of old documents and maps, including a map of Britain and Europe showing an idealised interpretation of Britain's targets and progress in the Second World War. The title ('Britain - The Spear of Attack') and labels are written in Arabic. There is also a page of text referring to a map of shipping routes (not present) and promoting the work of the Royal Navy and its allies. It is likely these were used as propaganda to garner support in the Arab Middle East.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 286; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
5. PZ 2006/34 'The Hadhramaut: Attitude of Ibn Saud towards - shipping at Port of Bir Ali'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence between British officials relating to political and religious activity in Hedjaz [Saudi Arabia] and Batavia [Jakarta] by Arab merchants and other notables originating from opposing factions in the Hadhramaut [Hadramawt] region of the Aden Protectorate [Yemen]. The main correspondents are the Political Resident at Aden, the British Consul and Vice-Consul at Jeddah and the British Consul-General at Batavia. In addition to exchanging intelligence, the correspondents also discuss measures to be taken to prevent the development of a new arms smuggling route from the Dutch East Indies [Indonesia] and the Straits Settlement of Singapore, to the minor port of Bir Ali in Aden Protectorate, thereby avoiding port clearances at Mukalla.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 40; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
6. Coll 5/22 ‘Proposed air service in the Hadramaut’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence forwarded on to the India Office by either the Colonial Office or the Air Ministry. This correspondence concerns two independent requests for the purchase of aircraft for use in the Hadramaut. The first being a request from Sultan bin Ghalib on behalf of Sayed Bubaker bin Sheikh el Koff, a merchant based in Singapore; the British believe this request to be connected with the Hadramaut Reform Party. The second request is from Shaikh Alkaf.In addition to the aforementioned correspondents, the file also contains correspondence with the Aden Political Resident, Downing Street, and National Flying Services Limited.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 46; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
7. Coll 30/202 ‘Persian Gulf. Photographs of Notabilities (Sheikhs &c) (used for propaganda purposes)’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains papers, mostly correspondence, relating to the use of illustrations for propaganda purposes during the Second World War.It includes correspondence regarding a request from the Ministry of Information for photographs for the Middle East edition of a proposed fortnightly War Pictorialpublication, and for the Arabic Listener(which they hoped would soon be produced by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)).The file also includes correspondence in connection with another letter from the Ministry of Information to the India Office, seeking the latter’s advice as to whether enclosed coloured portraits of Emir Abdullah of Transjordan [IOR/L/PS/12/3942, f 21], the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [IOR/L/PS/12/3942, f 22], and the Shaikh of Bahrein [Bahrain] [IOR/L/PS/12/3942, f 23] should be used for distribution on a large scale in the Middle East, especially in the Hadhramaut and the Persian Gulf.In addition, the file includes a black and white photograph of Khan Sahib Said Abdul Razzak al Razzuki, Residency Agent, Sharjah, whom the text typed on the back of the photograph states was a native of Kowait [Kuwait] [IOR/L/PS/12/3942, f 31]. The main correspondents are the India Office, the Ministry of Information, and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Geoffrey Prior).The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 32, these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
8. Coll 6/80 'South and South-Western boundaries of Saudi-Arabia'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file relates to the disputed south and south-western boundaries of Saudi Arabia. It primarily concerns an expedition to southern Saudi Arabia that was undertaken by Harry St John Bridger Philby in 1936, during which Philby was reported to have entered Yemeni and British territory. Much of the correspondence discusses Philby's visit to Shabwa [Shabwa, Yemen] (reportedly with an armed Saudi party), a visit considered by the British to be an incursion into the Aden Protectorate.The file's principal correspondents are the following: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Reader William Bullard); the Acting Political Resident, Aden (Morice Challoner Lake); Harry St John Bridger Philby; the Minister for Saudi Foreign Affairs [Fayṣal bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd]; the Sultan of Shihr and Mukalla; the Imam of Yemen [Yaḥyā Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn].In addition to correspondence the file includes Philby's own account of his visit to Shabwa, in an article published in The Timesin January 1937.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 70; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
9. File 1740/1915 Pt 3 'Arabia: Loan to Sultan of Shehr and Mokalla'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains correspondence and other papers concerning loans and other assistance given to the Sultan of Shehr [Al Shihr] and Mokalla [Al Mukalla] in the Hadhramaut. The papers cover: the 1917 loan of 400,000 rupees and a gift of arms and ammunition; the responsibility for the cost of the loan within the British and Indian Governments; matters connected to the repayment of this loan, including overdue payments; a further request, made in 1924, for a loan of 15,000,000 rupees, an increased stipend, and the grant of more arms and ammunition; a dispute over the trust fund of two of the nephews of the former Sultan, Awadh bin Omar al-Qaeety ['Awadh bin 'Umar Al Qu'ayti].The principal correspondents are officials at the India Office, Foreign Office, Colonial Office, and the Government of India, Foreign and Political Department. Further correspondence, included as enclosures, comes from: the High Commissioner, Cairo; the Treasury; the Political Resident, Aden; Sultan Ghalib bin Awad [Ghalib bin 'Awadh Al Qu'ayti]; the Government of Bombay, Political Department; the Government of India, Accountant General Department; and Sultan Omar bin Awadth ['Umar bin 'Awadh Al Qu'ayti].Included within the volume is a report by Lieutenant-Colonel George Stewart Symes, Resident and Commander-in-Chief at Aden, on his visit to Mokalla, 20 October 1928 (folios 64-67).The file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 197; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
10. File 1740/1915 Pt 1-2 'Arabia: Policy in Hadramaut, Yemen'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains correspondence and other papers relating to British policy in connection with the Hadramaut (also written Hadhramut and Hadhramaut).The correspondence covers internal affairs, relations with tribal leaders, activities of the Turks and the Imam of Yemen, boundary questions, the Arabs of the Dutch East Indies, questions of policy and strategy connected to the First World War and the Arab Revolt, and proposals to establish a Vice-Consulate and other facilities at Mokalla [Al Mukalla].The principal correspondents are officials at the India Office, Foreign Office, War Office, Colonial Office, and the Government of India, Foreign Department.Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 420; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.