Abstract: This file contains correspondence related to a number of different topics. The correspondence discusses legislation regarding the ownership of property by Bahrainis in the Hejaz, the ownership of property by foreigners in Bahrain (and Iraq), the status and property ownership rights of Persians in Bahrain and other related issues.The correspondence also contains references to a proposal to raise customs tariffs on Japanese goods imported into Bahrain.Physical description: Previously a bound correspondence volume, the file's pages have been unbound and are now loose.The main foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A second foliation sequences commences at folio 3 and terminates at f 156; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled and can be found in the same position as the main sequence. A third foliation sequence (probably the result of a previous foliation error) commences at f 151 and terminates at f 206; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.Foliation errors: 1A, 1B and 1C.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence regarding relations between Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.The topics discussed in the file include the signing of a Treaty of Extradition between the Government of Bahrain and the Government of Hejaz-Nejd, a visit made by Amir Saud to Bahrain, visits made by Ibn Saud to Kuwait and Bahrain and territorial issues between Bahrain and Saudi Arabia related to a number of islands between their coasts. The activities of the Bahrain Petroleum Company and the Californian Arabian Standard Oil Company are also discussed.Two maps of Bahrain and its vicinity are contained on folio 156b and folio 157b. The maps contain information related to oil deposits and facilities.A bi-lingual (Arabic and English) copy of the Treaty of Extradition between the Government of Bahrain and the Government of Hejaz-Nejd is contained on folios 6-9.Physical description: A bound correspondence volume. The main foliation sequence commences at the titlepage and terminates at the 5th sheet from the back of the volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A second foliation sequence runs between f 3 and f 193; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled and are located in the same position as the main sequence.A set of index numbers corresponding with the index at the back run through the volume; these numbers are written in red crayon and are circled. Foliation errors: 2A and 2B; 156A and 156B; 157A and 157B; 164A and 164B.
Abstract: Distinctive Features:Depths shown by soundings recorded in feet below low water as observed at Zellaq and Al Khobar.Contains information related to oil deposits and facilities, including Zellaq Terminal and barge routes which are indicated by pecked line and lettered for reference. Additions listed in the revisions table in bottom right-hand corner.Includes inset map in the upper left.Physical description: Materials:BlueprintDimensions:677 x 981 mm, on sheet 712 x 1020 mm
Abstract: Distinctive Features:Depths shown by contours.Attached to letter dated 29th May 1939 regarding Saudi claim to certain islands.Sketch map prepared by the Bahrain Petroleum Company from Admiralty charts and other information on record showing Bahrain, the Saudi Arabia and Qatar coasts and the waters to the north, with shoals and reefs mapped in detail.New information obtained during the reconnaissance survey between 25th and 27th May 1939, added in red ink including the proposed boundaries line to determine territorial waters of Saudi Arabia and Bahrain.Physical description: Materials:Blueprint on tracing paper with additions in wash and red inkDimensions:2207 x 914 mm, on sheet 2232 x 978 mm
Abstract: The file is a collection of correspondence between British officials in London, Delhi, Bushire and Bahrain. The bulk of the correspondence relates to reports that Bahrain nationals resident in Gusba in Persia were being forced by the Persian government to forego their Bahraini nationality and adopt Persian nationality. The reports include details of Bahrainis being imprisoned, physically attacked and forced to give up their Bahraini nationality. The file contains a number of petitions to Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa from Bahraini subjects resident in Persia. An appropriate reaction by the British authorities in Bahrain is discussed at length as are broader issues related to a draft Bahrain nationality law. Measures proposed (but not enforced) by British officials include banning the Pahlavi Cap being worn by Persians resident in Bahrain and the closure of Persian schools in the country. It is declared that any person born in Bahrain of foreign parents – unless registered at the Agency – shall be considered as subjects of the Bahrain state.The file also includes information regarding a visit to Bahrain by the French Consul at Bushire and matters related to land ownership in the Hejaz.Physical description: A bound correspondence file. The volume is foliated from the front cover to last page, with small circled numbers in the top-right corner of each front-facing page.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence between British officials regarding the drafting of a Bahrain nationality law and a law regarding the ownership of property by foreigners in Bahrain. Draft copies of both of the proposed laws are included in the file.The file also contains documents concerning an RAF intelligence report that stated an Iraq Trade Agency was to be established in Bahrain, a discussion concerning whether or not individuals born in Iraq to Bahraini parents were liable to serve in the Iraqi military and correspondence regarding the ownership of property by foreigners in the Hejaz.The file also contains correspondence regarding Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa's desire to visit Persia for a hawking trip.Physical description: Formerly a bound correspondence volume, the file's sheets have been unbound and are now loose. Pagination starts on first page of writing in top right-hand corner and continues to last page of writing. Two blank pages at front and two at back. There is another pencilled, uncircled system that begins on folio 3.
Abstract: The file contains correspondence relating to Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also written as Bin Saud in the file], Amir of Nejd [Emir of Najd], forwarded to the Political Agency, Kuwait, by other British officials in the Gulf region. The correspondence primarily covers relations between Ibn Saud and Hussain [Al-Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī, also written as Husain and Hussein in the file, and also referred to as ‘the Sharif’], King of Hejaz [also written as Hijaz and Hedjaz in the file], during a British-imposed ceasefire that followed hostilities over possession of Khurma [al-Khurmah]. Subjects covered in the correspondence include:Ibn Saud’s possession of Khurma and Tarabah [Turabah], and the potential threat this poses towards Taif [Ta’if]Claims by both Ibn Saud and Hussain that the other is continuing to commit hostile actionsArrangements for a potential meeting between Ibn Saud and Hussain for peace talks, initially planned to take place at Aden, but changed to Mecca at Ibn Saud’s suggestionA request from Ibn Saud for two Indian Muslim officers to be appointed to oversee pilgrims from Nejd who will accompany Ibn Saud’s journey to Mecca, and the appointment of two officers from the Political Agency, Bahrein [Bahrain]: Khan Sayib Syed Siddiq Hasan [Khān Ṣāḥib Sayyid Ṣādiq Ḥasan] and Shaikh Farhan Beg Al Rahmah [Shaikh Farḥān Beg al-Raḥmah]Hussain’s refusal to remove his embargo against pilgrims from Nejd being allowed into Hejaz, and Ibn Saud’s subsequent postponement of his own journey to Mecca in favour of a small diplomatic mission on his behalfThe departure of the mission to Mecca under Ibn Saud’s cousin Ahmad Al-Thenyan [Aḥmad bin ‘Abdullāh bin Ibrāhīm bin Thunayān Āl Saʿūd, also written as Ahmad ibn Thunaiyan and Thaniyan in the file], and accompanied by Khan Sayib Syed Siddiq Hasan and Shaikh Farhan Beg Al Rahmah, in August 1920Discussions between Hussain and Al-Thenyan, an agreement signed between them to re-establish friendly relations, and the mission’s return to NejdArrangements for a meeting at Ojair [Al ‘Uqayr] between Ibn Saud and Sir Percy Cox, British High Commissioner in BaghdadThe awarding of an honorary GCIE to Ibn SaudReports in 1921 and 1922 that Ibn Saud is preparing to attack Hejaz and besiege Mecca.Khan Sayib Syed Siddiq Hasan’s reports from Riyadh in July and August 1920, including accounts of meetings with Ibn Saud, are on folios 78-113. His diary of the journey from Riyadh to Mecca is on folios 178-191. Shaikh Farhan Beg Al Rahmah’s report of the mission to Mecca and account of the return journey is on folios 191-196.The primary correspondents are: the High Commissioner, Cairo; the Civil Commissioner, Baghdad; the Political Agent, Bahrein; Khan Sayib Syed Siddiq Hasan; and Ibn Saud. Other correspondents include: the British Agent, Jeddah; the Political Agent, Koweit [Kuwait]; Hussain’s son Faisal [Fayṣal bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī, later King of Iraq]; the Foreign Office; and the India Office.The file contains a single item in Arabic, a letter from Ibn Saud to Sir Percy Cox dated 24 August 1922, which is on folios 202-203. An English summary of the contents is on folio 201.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 204; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence between ff 178-196.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence related to the British Government's relationship with Ibn Sa'ud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd].The correspondence primarily relates to the military capabilities of the Government of Hejaz, the conquest of the cities of Medina and Jeddah by Ibn Sa'ud's forces, the abdication of King Ali of the Hejaz and the establishment of Ibn Sa`ud's administration in Jeddah. As well as correspondence, the file contains a number of detailed accounts of these events that were written approximately once every two weeks by the British Agent in Jeddah, Reader William Bullard, and from August 1925 onwards, Stanley R Jordan .The majority of the correspondence in the file is between British officials, but the file also contains a limited amount of correspondence from Ibn Sa'ud and officials of a number of Indian Islamic organisations. These letters are translated into English and the file does not contain copies of the Arabic originals.The file also contains a number of extracts from the Mecca-based newspaper
Umm al-Qurathat are primarily related to proclamations made by Ibn Sa'ud. These extracts are translated into English and the file does not contain the original Arabic articles.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 287; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-286; these numbers are also written in pencil but are not circled.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence related to the British Government's relationship with Ibn Sa'ud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd].In chronological order, the correspondence relates specifically to the capture of Taif by Wahhabi forces, the abdication of King Husain of the Hejaz (and the appointment of his son Ali as his successor), arrangements to evacuate pilgrims from the Hejaz and finally, the capture of Mecca by Wahhabi forces. As well as correspondence, the file contains a number of detailed accounts of these events that were written by the British Agent in Jeddah, Reader William Bullard.The majority of the correspondence in the file is between British officials, but the file also contains a limited amount of correspondence from Ibn Sa'ud and officials of the Government of Hejaz. These letters are translated into English and the file does not contain copies of the Arabic originals.The file contains English translations of two proclamations that were delivered by Ibn Sa'ud in October and November 1924 (folios 189-190 and 236).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 257; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-256; these numbers are also written in pencil but are not circled.
Abstract: The volume mostly contains printed copies of despatches from HM Agent and Consul, Jeddah, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, enclosing reports on the situation in the Hejaz (also spelled Hedjaz in the file) [now a region of Saudi Arabia], from January 1924 to December 1930, and related enclosures to the reports. These despatches were sent to the Under-Secretary of State for India by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The volume also includes India Office Political and Secret Department minute papers, which include comments on the reports, and indicate that the reports had been seen by the Under-Secretary of State for India and the Political Committee of the Council of India.The reports are monthly for January to August 1924, May 1925, September 1925 to March 1927, June 1927 to June 1930, and December 1930. Reports between these dates cover shorter periods, except July and August 1930, which are both covered by one report, and September, October and November 1930, which are also covered by one report.The reports discuss matters including the actions of King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi of the Hejaz, including his attempts to gain recognition as Caliph, and the military and financial situation in the Hejaz during the war between the Hejaz and the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd [Najd]. They report on events of the Hedjaz-Nejd war including: the capture of Taif (September 1924) and Mecca (October 1924) by Nejd; the departure of the ex-King Hussein from Jeddah; the fall of Medina and Jeddah and the surrender of the Hejaz to Sultan Abdul Aziz of Nejd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also known as Ibn Saud] (December 1925); and the formal assumption of the title of King of the Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd and its Dependencies by Ibn Saud (8 January 1925).The reports following the annexation of the Hejaz by Nejd cover internal affairs, including prohibitions introduced for religious reasons, the Hejaz Railway, the financial situation of the Hejaz-Nejd Government, and the Hejaz Air Force. They also report on foreign relations, including: the publication of an agreement, dated 21 October 1926, between Ibn Saud and Sayyid Hassan-el-Idrisi, establishing the suzerainty of Ibn Saud over Asir; relations between Ibn Saud and Imam Yahya of the Yemen; the situation on the frontiers between Nejd and Iraq, and Nejd and Transjordan; and the Treaty of Jeddah between Hejaz-Nejd and Great Britain (20 May 1927). They also report Ibn Saud being proclaimed King of the Hejaz, Nejd and its Dependencies (4 April 1927).In addition, other frequently occurring topics in the reports are: the Pilgrimage [Hajj], including the arrival of pilgrims in the Hejaz, from India, Java and elsewhere, arrangements for the pilgrimage, the welfare of pilgrims, and the repatriation of pilgrims; and the slave trade and slavery in the Hejaz, including the manumission and repatriation of slaves.The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 447; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-444; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
Abstract: This volume mainly relates to British policy in Arabia, and specifically concerns British relations with Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also referred to in the correspondence as Bin Saud]. The papers cover the Hejaz-Nejd War of 1924-25 and political affairs in Ibn Saud's Kingdom of Hejaz and Sultanate of Nejd [Najd] (or the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd, as it became in 1927).The volume mainly consists of compiled sections of printed correspondence, with each section closing with a report from the British Agent and Consul at Jeddah. The most prominently featured correspondents are as follows: the British Agent and Consul, Jeddah; the Secretary of State for India; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; the Political Resident, Aden; the High Commissioner, Egypt; the High Commissioner, Iraq; the High Commissioner, Palestine; officials of the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the Admiralty, the India Office; the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department. Also featured as correspondents are Ibn Saud, King Ali [‘Alī bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī], and British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin.Matters covered in the correspondence include the following:Diplomatic relations between Ibn Saud and Britain, Italy, France, the Netherlands, and Persia [Iran]Information on developments in the Hejaz-Nejd War of 1924-25, mainly in the form of telegrams and letters from the British Agent and Consul at Jeddah, and British policy regarding the conflictBritish policy in relation to the fate of the ex-King Hussein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī]Reports of Wahabi forces having damaged or destroyed holy sites in Mecca and MedinaThe efforts of King Ali [‘Alī bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī] to raise money in JeddahDetails of the Hadda Agreement and the Bahra Agreement, concluded between Sir Gilbert Clayton and Ibn Saud in late 1925Details of King Ali's surrender and abdication on 19 December 1925, and arrangements for his passage out of JeddahBritain's recognition of Ibn Saud as King of the Hejaz in February 1926British concerns regarding the spread of anti-British opinion in the HejazPublic outrage in the wider Muslim world regarding the desecration of holy sites by the Wahabis, and the British Government's refusal to become involved, owing to its stated policy of non-intervention in Muslim religious affairsBritish efforts to ensure the Government of Hejaz's participation in the International Sanitary Convention of 1926Arrangements for a private visit to London by Ibn Saud's son Faisal [Fayṣal bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd] in September 1926British concerns regarding Ibn Saud's diplomatic relations with Soviet Russia [Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, or USSR]A change to Ibn Saud's title in 1927, from 'King of Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd' to 'King of Hejaz and Nejd'The conclusion of the Treaty of Jeddah in June 1927Relations between Ibn Saud and the Imam of Yemen [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn], and the former's suspicions that the Italian Government has been supplying the Imam with armsProfiles of prominent figures in the Kingdom of Hejaz and NejdThe number of pilgrims arriving each year for HajjTense relations between Ibn Saud and the Iraqi Government, particularly concerning the Uqair Protocol.Also included with the correspondence are the following: minutes of an interdepartmental conference held at the Colonial Office on 20 May 1926, to discuss matters arising out of Clayton's Mission to Ibn Saud (ff 178-179); a Colonial Office memorandum entitled 'British Interests in Arabia', dated 8 December 1926 (ff 111-113).The volume includes a small amount of correspondence written in French.The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (f 1).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 388; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence between ff 118-388, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.Pagination: each of the various sections of printed correspondence has its own printed pagination sequence.