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49. 'Mesopotamia: Questions in regard to recaptured Rivercraft'
- Description:
- Abstract: This is a note prepared by the Political Department of the India Office concerning on what terms authorities in Mesopotamia should return to their original British owners a number of rivercraft that were captured in the first instance by the Turks and subsequently recaptured by the British forces in the course of operations in Mesopotamia. These include rivercraft owned by Messrs Lynch Brothers (including moto-boat Mosca, steam-launch Asp, tug Sumana,, steam-launch Ishtar, and steamer Khalifah) and Messrs Strick, Scott and Company (including steamer Sebeh) which appear in tables giving their reported approximate value and remarks about their capture and recapture.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this sequence commences at folio 58, and terminates at folio 60, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 7-153; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
50. 'Mesopotamia: Papers relating to the future administration of Mesopotamia for the Committee over which I presided, 1917-1919'
- Description:
- Abstract: File containing correspondence, memoranda and reports relating to the work of the Mesopotamia Administration Committee, collected by Lord Curzon of Kedleston, Lord President of the Council, who chaired the Committee.The papers cover a variety of topics relating to the administration of British-occupied Mesopotamia [Iraq] during and after the First World War, and discussions over the future status and administration of the region, including:A proclamation to the people of Baghdad on the occasion of the British occupationAppointments of civil and political officers, primarily transferred from India, for the administration of Mesopotamia, with the intention of replacing them with ‘suitable Arab personnel’ as soon as practicableConsiderations over whether Mesopotamia should be the responsibility of the Government of India or of the British Government, and how this decision might impact other British agencies in the GulfArrangements for the independent administration of Nejef [An-Najaf], Kerbela [Karbala], and other Shiah [Shia] holy placesProblems caused by the civil administration in Mesopotamia being answerable to the military administration, and the creation of the post of Civil Commissioner after the end of the WarReports on events in Egypt, the Hejaz, Palestine and Syria, and considerations of how they affect events in MesopotamiaProposals from industrialist Lord Inchcape to begin a steamer service on the Tigris that was agreed with the Ottoman Government immediately prior to the War, and to open a British bank in Baghdad.The primary correspondents are: Lord Curzon; Sir Percy Cox, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Lieutenant-General Sir Stanley Maude, Commander of the Mesopotamia Expeditionary Force; Arnold Wilson, Civil Commissioner in Mesopotamia; Sir Mark Sykes; Gertrude Bell; Lord Inchcape; the Chief of the Imperial General Staff; the Directorate of Military Intelligence; the India Office; the Foreign Office; and the Government of India.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 316; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-315. These numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio. Occasional instances of additional circled foliation appear in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio; these have been superseded and therefore crossed out.
51. 'Mesopotamia: despatch of troops to Force 'D''
- Description:
- Abstract: This file consists of letters and copies of telegrams regarding the despatch of troops and the revolt in Mesopotamia during 1920.The file contains discussion of the dispatch of Indian and British troops and battalions; the situation regarding Moslem [Muslim] troops; the organisation of brigades; issues with the military situation and revolts in Mesopotamia and India; the Khilafat movement; repressing the disorder in the region dominated by the British; the despatch of transport from India; assisting the forces; embarkation; Mesopotamia reinforcement; mention of the British press regarding the acts in Mesopotamia; railway companies and telegraph lines; Turkish Peace terms.Also included are a list of ships and a list of forecast dates of the movements of units in Mesopotamia.The principal correspondents are as follows: GOC [General Officer Commanding-in-Chief] Mesopotamia; War Office; GHQ [General Headquarters] Mesopotamia; Secretary of State; Viceroy, Army Department; War Office; and Commander-in-Chief, India.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 176; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present between ff 2-175.
52. 'Mesopotamia: civil administration'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of a document by Sir John Evelyn Shuckburgh, the Secretary for the Political Department in the India Office, discussing the problems with retaining civil service staff during the period of transition in Mesopotamia from Ottoman to British rule. Recommendations are offered at the end of the document for encouraging staff to remain in Mesopotamia.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 26, and terminates at f 26, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
53. 'Mesopotamia: disposal of rivercraft'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of a document which outlines the results of an inter-departmental conference held at the India Office in April 1919 to discuss the question of the disposal of surplus river craft in Mesopotamia which are no longer needed by the military.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 37, and terminates at f 37, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
54. 'Mesopotamia: customs tariff'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains a letter from Louis Mallet, British Ambassador at Constantinople, to Sir Frederic Arthur Hirtzel, Secretary for the Political Department of the India Office, dated 15 April 1919. It also contains a memorandum by Lieutenant-Colonel Arnold Talbot Wilson, the Civil Commissioner in Baghdad, dated 16 April 1919. Both items relate to potential changes to the customs tariff in former Turkish territories, and discuss the potential benefits or problems with proposals such as creating a custom union between Arab states, and with involving the League of Nations in decisions relating to any increases in tariffs.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 38, and terminates at f 38, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
55. 'Mesopotamia: boundaries and disturbances at Deir-es-Zor: 1.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence relating to boundaries and disturbances at Deir es-Zor [Deir ez-Zor, Syria].The correspondence discusses the political situation in Mesopotamia, tribal uprisings against British occupation and implications for their punishment given various adjustments of the border, as well as British and French troop movements.Correspondents include: the Civil Commissioner, Baghdad; the Political Officer, Arbil; the Chief of the Imperial General Staff; and the General Officer Commanding, Mesopotamia.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 336; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 176-335; this sequence is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. An additional foliation sequence is also present between ff 2-335; these numbers are written in coloured crayon and pencil, and, where circled in pencil, have been crossed out.
56. 'Mesopotamia: boundaries and disturbances: Pt 3'
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence consists of telegrams and memoranda relating to boundaries and disturbance in Mesopotamia. The correspondence discusses location of insurgencies (including Kirkuk, Sulaimani, Hit, Basrah to Mosul route) and identification of insurgents and methods to repress insurgency including use of artillery fire and airpower.Also discusses situation in Caucasia and Crimea, and the Cossacks and Bolshevik conflict in context of British relations with the Soviet Government. A note on British Foreign Policy (folio 154) observes that the 'Policy of the British Government does not permit assistance being given to Wrangel [Petr Nikolaevich Wrangel, Baron]', a founder of the White Russian movement in the Russian Civil War.The file includes a map (folio 174): 'Map of Eastern Turkey in Asia, Syria and Western Persia'.Correspondents include GHQ Mesopotamia; the War Office, London; the High Commissioner for Iraq; and the General Officer Commanding, Mesopotamia.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 175; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 71-174; this sequence is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. An additional foliation sequence is also present between ff 2-173; these numbers are written in coloured crayon.
57. 'Mesopotamia: Future Constitution'
- Description:
- Abstract: This printed report consists of a letter from Lieutenant-Colonel Arnold Talbot Wilson, Civil Commissioner, Baghdad, dated 6 April 1919, to the Secretary of State for India, concerning the future constitution of Mesopotamia. There are also fifteen enclosures, some accompanied by appendices. These enclosures and appendices consist of telegrams, notes, a circular memorandum and draft reply by Wilson and others, including E B Howell, Revenue and Financial Secretary, Baghdad; F C C Balfour, Military Governor and Political Officer, Baghdad; Edward William Charles Noel, Political Officer, Sulaimaniyah [Sulaymānīyah]; Ronald E Wingate, Political Office, Najaf [al-Najaf]; Gerard Evelyn Leachman, Political Officer, Mosul; Stephen Hemsley Longrigg, Political Office, Kirkuk; L M Yetts, Political Officer, Ramadi [al-Ramādī]; and R Marrs, Political Office, Amarah [Amārah].Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence for this file commences at folio 31, and terminates at folio 36, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 7-153; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
58. 'Mesopotamia: British relations with Kurdistan'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file consists of a document created by the Political Department in the India Office and details British relations with Kurdistan. The document charts the relationship between the two parties, including the question of future control over Kurdistan, and is split into four sections:I: Events preceding the armisticeII: Events immediately succeeding the armisticeIII: Subsequent eventsIV: Orders issued by His Majesty's Government.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 79, and terminates at f 80, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
59. 'Mesopotamia: demobilisation of British troops'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file consists of letters regarding the demobilisation of British troops in Mesopotamia [Iraq] and India after the First World War.The file contains discussion of the following: the number of troops; artillery forces; origins of troops; breakdown of troops by division, both Indian and British (e.g. cavalry, artillery, infantry); signals; army medical affairs; post and telegraph; electrical and mechanical matters; labour; shipping; permission for using ships from Egypt in India; difficulties and issues including weather issues; arguments over who to send first in different phases of demobilistion; and mentions of the Censor’s report.The principal correspondents are the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Mesopotamia; the War Office; General Headquarters, Mesopotamia; General Headquarters, Egypt; the Commander-in-Chief, India.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 67; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present between ff 2-66.
60. 'Mesopotamia: land policy. Draft notification'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains a draft notification by Lieutenant-Colonel Arnold Talbot Wilson dated 27 June 1919. The notification relates to land policy in Mesopotamia and seeks to provide 'conditions upon which permission to lease agricultural land in the occupied territories of Mesopotamia may be given to persons other than domiciled inhabitants of those territories'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 60, and terminates at f 60, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.