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169. 'Memorandum on the Use of the French Flag by Subjects of the Sultan of Maskat'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file is a memorandum concerning the use of the French flag by dhows belonging to subjects of the Sultan of Maskat [Muscat].The memorandum is divided up as follows:Abstract of correspondence 1891-92;1894-96;1897-99;1900;1901;Summary;Extent to which French jurisdiction has been claimed and admitted in the past.Physical description: Foliation: the file's foliation commences at f 14, and terminates at f 18, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
170. 'Memorandum. (a) the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman. (b) His Highness the Sultan Saiyid Taimur Bin Faisal bin Turki.'
- Description:
- Abstract: Typescript memorandum (marked 'Book Copy' in the top left corner of the first page) giving information about the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman under the following headings: Territory, Historical, Physical Features, Climate, Population, Products and Trade, Religion, and Government (folios 150-154); and about Sultan Saiyid Taimur Bin Faisal bin Turki [Taymūr bin Fayṣal], including comments on his appearance, habits, religious practices, political principles, sons, health, pastimes, and wealth (folios 154-155).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation for this description commences at f 150 and terminates at f 154, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
171. 'MEMORANDUM. Grant of French Flags to Muscat Dhows.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This memorandum by Ronald William Graham, Foreign Office, London, was printed for the use of the Foreign Office in January 1906 and concerns the grant of French flags to Muscat dhows.The memorandum outlines the background of key relevant treaties: the 1844 Treaty between France and Muscat granting extraterritorial rights and the 1891 Treaty between Great Britain and Muscat granting similar rights and most favoured, nation treatment for British subjects in France; also the 1862 British-French declaration engaging reciprocally to respect the independence of the Sultan of Muscat.As France had only partially ratified the Brussels General Act in 1892 it preserved its claim to resist the right of search. Men from Sur involved in the oversea slave trade used this policy to obtain the benefit of the French flag, and avoid detention and search on the high seas.The memorandum details two incidents in 1903 which brought the matter to a head. A French flagholder named Mubarak took his dhow out of the harbour in order to avoid a fine. His vessel was fired upon and a shot went through its flag leading to a protest from the French.On 8th April 1903 five Arabs from Sur, arrived at Muscat from Bombay. As Bombay was an infected port, the men were placed in quarantine. The next day they broke quarantine and the Sultan had them arrested and imprisoned. The French consul and Commander of the French warship Infernetprotested.These incidents led to the submission to arbitration of the International Court at The Hague. The memorandum gives brief details of the British and French arguments to the tribunal.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the first folio and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: The booklet also contains an original typed pagination sequence.
172. ‘Muscat – Slave Trade – Two Indians rescued from slavery’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations, cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. It is the fourth in a series of seven items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2014/89996, 89997, 89998, 90000, 90001, and 90002). The principal correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Rubik bin Uslan [Khwāji Rūbin bin Aṣlān], Native Agent at Muscat.The item concerns:Hoossein Bushkh bin Cutwa Coombhar [Ḥusayn Bakhsh bin Katu’ā Kumhār], a boy from Lucknow, who was sold into slavery in Muscat and subsequently emancipated and sent to Bombay [Mumbai] by Rubik bin UslanAn Indian woman who was sold at Muscat but released from slavery by Rubik bin Uslan.The item includes a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 666, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4079, [Season 18]43’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 215, and terminates at f 233, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
173. ‘Muscat – Slave Trade’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, minutes, and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The main correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; the Government of India; Reuben Aslan, the Native Agent at Muscat. It is the third in a series of five items concerning the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2033/92119, 92120, IOR/F/4/2034/92122, and 92123).The item concerns:The liabilities of British subjects at Muscat concerning enslaved peoplePossible penalties for boats carrying enslaved people in the Red Sea or Persian GulfThe rescue of an Indian girl kidnapped from near Hyderabad, who was sold at Muscat by the sister of the Imam of Muscat [Sayyid Sa’id bin Sultan Al Bu Sa’id]The restoration to her husband of an Indian woman from Muscat who lacked the means of returning after a pilgrimageThe legality of purchasing enslaved people for the purpose of emancipation.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 253, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4278, [Season 18]44’, ‘Vol: 3’, and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 4 and terminates at f 45, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
174. ‘Muscat – Levy of 5 per cent duties by High Highness the Imaum of – Vol: 15’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of one letter cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The correspondent is Major Samuel Hennell, British Resident in the Persian Gulf. It is the fifteenth in a series of twenty items on the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2180/106055, IOR/F/4/2180/106056, IOR/F/4/2180/106057, IOR/F/4/2180/106058, IOR/F/4/2180/106059, IOR/F/4/2180/106060, IOR/F/4/2181/106061, IOR/F/4/2181/106062, IOR/F/4/2181/106063, IOR/F/4/2181/106064, IOR/F/4/2181/106065, IOR/F/4/2181/106066, IOR/F/4/2181/106067, IOR/F/4/2181/106068, IOR/F/4/2181/106070, IOR/F/4/2181/106071, IOR/F/4/2181/106072, IOR/F/4/2181/106073, and IOR/F/4/2181/106074).The item concerns the introduction of a five percent levy on goods transhipped at ports belonging to the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat [Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd], except for any vessel which has put into port due to poor weather and where the goods were reshipped after the vessel was refitted.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 282/47, P.C. [Previous Communication] 5573, Coll[ection]: 10, Collection No 11 of No 11’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 91, and terminates at f 93, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
175. ‘Muscat – Slave Trade – Liabilities of British subjects holding slaves’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations, cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. It is the second in a series of seven items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2014/89996, 89998, 89999, 90000, 90001, and 90002). The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Robertson, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Khojah Rouben [Khawājah Rūbin bin Aṣlān], the British Agent at Muscat.The item concerns a query from Robertson about what to do with British subjects at Muscat engaging in the slave trade, with examples provided by Khojah Rouben. The Government of Bombay considered the question in relation to previous treaties with Muscat, and referred it to the Governor-General.The item includes a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 666, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4079, [Season 18]43’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 165, and terminates at f 177, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
176. ‘Muscat. Latest Intelligence from-’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 31 January 1848. A copy of this Political Letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2238/112322, alongside details of further enclosures. The item is the fifty-third in a series of fifty-nine items on events in the Persian Gulf.The item contains substances of seven letters, dated between 17 August and 26 September 1847, from Heskeal bin Yusoof [Ḥizqīl bin Yūsuf], Acting Native Agent at Muscat, to the Government of Bombay. The letters contain news from Muscat and numerous places in the surrounding region. In particular, they relate to:Attacks by Suif bin Hamood bin Uzan [Sayf bin Hamūd bin ‘Azzan] and his relatives on Sohar [Suhar], Khaboora [Al Khaburah], and Rustak [Rustaq]Conflicts between the people of Nukhil [Nakhal] and the Budoos [Bedouins], including details of supporting tribes and populations on each sideConflict at Huye Assein [Hayy ‘Asim?] and Sumael [Sama’il]Interventions of Syud Thooenee [Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd], Governor of Muscat, in the above affairsArrival of numerous ships at MuscatLoans demanded from ‘Banian’ merchants at Sohar.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘Draft No. 345/48, Coll: 2, Vol: 53’, ‘Collection No. 9 of No. 21’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 577, and terminates at f 590, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
177. ‘Muscat. Soomalee slave girl. Vol: 9’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, memoranda, resolutions, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Captain Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Hajee Yacoob [Haji Ya‘qūb], Acting British Agent at Muscat. It is the ninth in a series of seventeen items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2112/99462, IOR/F/4/2112/99463, IOR/F/4/2112/99464, IOR/F/4/2112/99465, IOR/F/4/2112/99466, IOR/F/4/2112/99467, IOR/F/4/2112/99468, IOR/F/4/2112/99469, IOR/F/4/2112/99471, IOR/F/4/2112/99472, IOR/F/4/2112/99473, IOR/F/4/2112/99474, IOR/F/4/2112/99475, IOR/F/4/2112/99476, IOR/F/4/2112/99477, and IOR/F/4/2112/99478).The item concerns Hajee Yacoob’s rescue of a Soomalee [Somali] girl from slavery, and her death soon afterwards.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 872/45, P.C. [Previous Communication] 5013, Collection No 6 of No 77’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 177, and terminates at f 182, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
178. ‘Muscat. Intelligence from.-’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 16 June 1847. A copy of this Political Letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2238/112322, alongside details of further enclosures. The item is the seventh in a series of fifty-nine items on events in the Persian Gulf.The item relates to a report from Hoskut bin Yusoof [Ḥizqīl bin Yūsuf], Acting Native Agent at Muscat, to the Persian [Iranian] Secretary, dated 17 May 1847. His report provides details on a recent dispute between inhabitants of Nukul [Nakhal] and Lajal [Al Lajal], and the subsequent intervention of the Governor of Muscat, Syud Thoonee [Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd]. The report also mentions intelligence received from Judda [Jeddah] regarding the activities of Shuiff Mahomed bin Oun [Sharīf Muḥammad bin ‘Abd al-Mu‘īn bin ‘Awn] and Mahomed Ally Pasha [Muḥammad ʻAlī Pāshā].The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘Draft No. 345/48’, ‘Collection No. 2 of No. 78, Vol: 7.’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 267, and terminates at f 271, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
179. ‘Muscat. Intelligence-’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 31 August 1847. A copy of this Political Letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2238/112322, alongside details of further enclosures. The item is the fourteenth in a series of fifty-nine items on events in the Persian Gulf.The item contains letters from Heskeal bin Yusuf [Ḥizqīl bin Yūsuf], Acting Native Agent at Muscat, to the Government of Bombay, reporting on recent events at Muscat. Amongst other brief details, the reports mention:Arrangements for a visit by the daughter of Mahomed Ally Meerza [Muḥammad ‘Alī Mīrzā]The arrival of the ship, the Futteh Ally[ Fatḥ ‘Alī], from Bussora [Basra]Attempts by Syud Thooenee [Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd], Governor of Muscat, to restore peace between the people of Nukhul [Nakhal] and the Minooleek and Alli Humud [Āl Ḥammūd?] tribesThe arrival of a group of Egyptians wishing to manufacture ammunition and the arrangements made with Syud Thooenee for this project.The item contains multiple spellings for the names of individuals and places.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘Draft No. 345/48’, ‘Collection No. 2 of No. 107, Vol: 14.’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 341, and terminates at f 346, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
180. ‘Muscat. Intelligence. Vol: 4’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. The correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Heskeal bin Yusoof [Ḥizqīl bin Yūsuf], British Agent at Muscat. It is the fourth in a series of eleven items.The item comprises reports from Heskeal bin Yusoof on the state of affairs at Muscat, including:Details of ships arriving and leaving MuscatThe movements of Syud Thooenee [Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd], Governor of MuscatTribal disputes and conflicts around MuscatSyud Thooenee’s attempts at resolving these conflictsThe execution of Ahmed Dad Kureem [Aḥmad Dād Karīm].The item contains a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft no 689/48’, ‘Col[lection]: 17’, ‘Collection No 4 of No 45’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 253, and terminates at f 264 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.