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73. 'Unsettled state of affairs at Muscat and operations against the Joasmee Pirates by the combined forces of the Company and the Muscat Government'
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of correspondence regarding the situation in Muscat after the death in 1804 of the Imam Syed Sultan [Sultan bin Ahmad Al Bu Sa’id] and efforts to counter the naval activities of the Joasmee [Al-Qasimi] in the Gulf. The correspondence is particularly concerned with the capture by the Joasmee of two British ships, the Shannonand the Trimmer, and the eventual return of the Trimmeras part of a truce.Other topics covered include:· An attempted coup by Syed Gheiss [Qais bin Ahmad Al Bu Sa’id], the brother of the late Imam· An Omani expedition to recover Gombroon [Bandar Abbas] from Mullah Hussain [Molla Husayn], ruler of Kishem [Qeshm]· The establishment of a permanent Residency at Muscat.The correspondence consists mainly of letters between the Government of Bombay and the Resident at Muscat. The other correspondents are: Mullah Hussain; Syed Gheiss; the Resident at Bussora [Basra]; the Resident at Bushire; Sultan ben Suggur [Sultan bin Saqr Al Qasimi], Emir of Sharjah; and Syed Beder [Badr bin Saif Al Bu Sa’id], Regent of Oman.The bulk of the item dates from the years 1805 and 1806, the earlier date range includes copies of the Anglo-Omani Agreement of 1798 and an amendment to it from 1800 (ff 17-19).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 2, and terminates at f 90, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original pagination sequence.
74. ‘Relating to the Slave Trade Vol: 2’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The correspondents are: the Board of Control of the East India Company; the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen; Ali bin Nasir, an envoy from the Imam of Muscat; Sayyid Sa‘id bin Sultan Al Bu Sa’id, the Imam of Muscat. It is the second in a series of two items on the trade in enslaved people (the other is IOR/F/4/1990/88112).The item contains the correspondence between the Earl of Aberdeen and Ali bin Nasir during the latter’s embassy to London on behalf of the Imam of Muscat.The item concerns:The limits on the trade in enslaved people which the British Government wished the Imam of Muscat to impose in his territoriesComplaints from the British that the Imam had not fulfilled his treaty obligationsComplaints from the Imam that the British had not fulfilled their treaty obligations.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 227, P.C. [Previous Communication] 3822A, [Season 18]43’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 252 and terminates at f 276, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
75. 'Exchange of Ratifications of Captain Cogan's Treaty'
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists primarily of copies of correspondence cited in, or enclosed with, secret letters from the Government of Bombay. The correspondents are the Government of Bombay and the Resident in the Persian Gulf, Captain Samuel Hennell.The subject of the item is the ratification of the Treaty of Commerce agreed between Captain Robert Cogan and Hassan bin Ebrihim [Ḥasan bin Ibrāhīm] and Alli bin Naser [‘Alī bin Nāṣir] 31 May 1839 in Zanzibar. The treaty was ratified on 22 July 1840 by Hennell and Syed Mahomed bin Syed Shurruf [Sayyid Muḥammad bin Sa’īd Shurruf] on behalf of the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat [Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd]. The item contains a copy of the treaty and certificate of ratification in English and Arabic.The treaty concerns:Rights and privileges of merchants of both countries to enter either countryRights of citizens of both countries to own property in either countryRights of consuls in both countriesProtection of servants of British subjects in the dominions of the ImaumSettling disputes involving British subjectsDisposal of property of subjects of either country who die in the otherTreatment of bankrupt subjects of either country living in the otherPayment of debts owed to subjects of the other countryDuties levied on goods entering ports and limitation of monopoliesRegulations for importing goodsProvisions in case of war between Britain and MuscatHelping vessels in distressThe renewal of the treaty of 1822 to suppress the slave trade.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Collection No. 6, Draft 431, P.C. [Previous Communication] 3075, [Season] 1841’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 4 and terminates at f 32, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
76. 'Arms traffic in the Persian Gulf, 1908-1928'
- Description:
- Abstract: Memorandum outlining developments in the suppression of the trade in arms in the Persian Gulf from 1908-28.Covering:introduction to arms traffic in Muscat, and the reduction in arms traffic in the Gulf as a whole;treaty engagements, etc., of states bordering on the Persian Gulf – including Persia, Bahrein [Bahrain], Koweit [Kuwait], the Trucial Coast, Turkey, and Muscat;the Arms Traffic Convention of 1919 and 1925 – the effect of the First World War, and objections of Persia to being classified as a prohibited area for the purpose of arms traffic;arms traffic in the Gulf, 1908-1919 – the suppression of arms traffic from Muscat in 1912, and agreements with Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd];arms traffic in the Gulf, 1919-1928 – conference held at Karachi in August 1921 concerning the danger of revival in the arms trade, and recommendations to combat this;summary.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 71, and terminates at f 72, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
77. ‘Slave Trade – Volume 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. It is the first in a series of seven items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2014/89997, 89998, 89999, 90000, 90001, and 90002).The item concerns:A possible mistranslation and misinterpretation of Article Three of the General Treaty with the Arab Tribes of the Persian Gulf of 1822An increase in the trade in enslaved people in ZanzibarIndividual cases of emancipationThe possibility of issuing a general proclamation to emancipate all enslaved people found on vessels that do not belong to nations which have a special arrangement about slavery.The papers which were enclosed in the letters are in the other volumes in the series. The item includes a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 666, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4079, [18]43’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 146, and terminates at f 164, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
78. ‘Slave Trade Vol 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of nine items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2087/96921, IOR/F/4/2087/96922, IOR/F/4/2087/96923, IOR/F/4/2087/96924, IOR/F/4/2087/96925, IOR/F/4/2087/96926, IOR/F/4/2087/96927, and IOR/F/4/2087/96928).The item concerns:The acquittal of Ali bin Abdulla [‘Alī bin ‘Abdullāh], the supercargo of the Aden Merchanton a charge of trading enslaved peopleThe release of enslaved people at MuscatThe prohibition of selling enslaved people at MuscatThe translation of the Moresby TreatyEnslaved people liberated from Zanzibar, Muscat, and Bahrein [Bahrain]The treaties prohibiting the sale of Somalis, agreed to by the Arab tribesThe agreement between Bourbon [Réunion] and the Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] to import free labourers into Bourbon.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 290/45, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4760’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 797 and terminates at f 809, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
79. ‘Slave Trade Vol: 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of six items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2066/94847, IOR/F/4/2066/94848, IOR/F/4/2066/94849, IOR/F/4/2066/94850, and IOR/F/4/2066/94851).The item concerns:The kidnapping of children from the territory of the Nizam of Hyderabad [Mir Farkhunda ‘Ali Khan]The rescue of enslaved Indians from Muscat and Judda [Jeddah]Anti-slavery proclamations of the Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, Sayyid Sa’id bin Sultan Al Bu Sa’id]The cases of individuals accused of importing enslaved people into Muscat and India.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 873, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4548, [Season 18]44’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 316 and terminates at f 338, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
80. ‘Slave Trade Vol: 2’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations, cited in, or enclosed with, political and secret letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The main correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Captain Atkins Hamerton, British Agent at Muscat; Philip LeGeyt, the Senior Magistrate of Police at Bombay; the Government of India; Captain Samuel Hennell, British Resident in the Persian Gulf; Stafford Bettesworth Haines, British Political Agent at Aden. It is the second in a series of three items concerning the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/1958/85478 and IOR/F/4/1959/85480).The item concerns:Instructions to magistrates concerning cases of enslaved women seeking asylum in British territories, including descriptions of individual cases, and details of one case where the Nawab of Sucheen [Nawab of Sachin, Ibrahim Mahomed Yakut Khan I] demanded the return of a dancing girl, claiming that she had stolen from himReports on the extent of the trade in enslaved people at Dieu [Diu] and GoaThe proclamation of the Raja of Suttara [Satara] that the buying or selling of enslaved people in his territory is illegalThe arrival of a Lingah [Bandar-e Lengeh] boat at Muscat suspected of having on board kidnapped Somalee [Somali] girlsDetails of twenty children who were shipwrecked on their way from Maculla [Al Mukalla] to Judda [Jeddah] to be sold; the subsequent situations found for the children in Aden and BombayThree stowaway boys from Muscat found on board the Orwelland the Hugh Lindsayand their subsequent positionsTwo boys found at Tannah [Thune] who claimed to have been brought from Aden by a Portuguese man to Bombay who later abandoned themThree Indian girls who were rescued from slavery by the Native Agent at Muscat, Rubik bin Uslan [Aslan]; the circumstances of their kidnapping from India; their return to IndiaInvestigations about the prevalence of the kidnapping of Indian women and girls to be sold at Zanzibar, the importation of enslaved people into Bombay, and the involvement of the Imam of Muscat [Sayyid Sa‘id bin Sulṭan Al Bu Sa‘id]The importation of enslaved people from the coast of Africa to Zanzibar, and from Zanzibar to the Persian GulfProposal of measures to eliminate the trade in enslaved people.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 596, P.C. [Previous Communication] 3593, [Season] 1842’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 695 and terminates at f 866, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
81. ‘Slave Trade Vol: 3’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, resolutions, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The main correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; the Government of India; Reuben bin Aslan, East India Company Agent at Muscat; and Philip LeGeyt, Senior Magistrate of Police at Bombay. It is the third in a series of six items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2066/94846, IOR/F/4/2066/94847, IOR/F/4/2066/94849, IOR/F/4/2066/94850, and IOR/F/4/2066/94851).The item concerns:Investigations in Calcutta [Kolkata] into accusations against ‘Ali Abdulla of the Aden Merchantthat he bought an enslaved boy in AdenThe rescue of a boy at Judda [Jeddah] and attempts to reunite him with his family in Alleppy [Alleppey]The detention of four British Indian subjects enslaved at Muscat, and correspondence with the Acting Governor of Muscat, Syed Sooweynee [Sayyid Thuwaini bin Sa’id Al Bu Sa’id] on the subject.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 73, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4548, [Season 18]44’, ‘Collection No 1 of No 16’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 383 and terminates at f 414, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
82. ‘Slave Trade in the Red Sea & Persian Gulf. Vol: 2’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, resolutions, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The main correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Captain Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf; and the Government of India. It is the second in a series of nine items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2087/96920, IOR/F/4/2087/96922, IOR/F/4/2087/96923, IOR/F/4/2087/96924, IOR/F/4/2087/96925, IOR/F/4/2087/96926, IOR/F/4/2087/96927, and IOR/F/4/2087/96928).The item concerns:The acquittal of Ali bin Abdulla [‘Alī bin ‘Abdullāh], the supercargo of the Aden Merchanton a charge of trading enslaved peopleAn investigation into whether three Indian women were being kept against their will at Kishm [Qeshm]The arrival at Bombay of four previously enslaved children from Muscat, and their accounts of their livesA proclamation made at Muscat prohibiting the buying or selling of enslaved people from India, and the disappointment of the British that this proclamation was not as wide-ranging as they believed the Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] had intended.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 290/45, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4760’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 810 and terminates at f 863, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
83. ‘Slave Trade in the Red Sea & Persian Gulf. Vol: 6’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, resolutions, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The main correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Captain Samuel Hennell, the Resident in the Persian Gulf; Captain Atkins Hamerton, British Consul in the Dominion of the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat; and Rubiel bin Uslan [Reuben bin Aslan], British Agent at Muscat. It is the sixth in a series of six items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2066/94846, IOR/F/4/2066/94847, IOR/F/4/2066/94848, IOR/F/4/2066/94849, and IOR/F/4/2066/94850).The item concerns:The case of ‘Ali Abdulla, supercargo of the Aden Merchant, who was accused of buying an enslaved boy in AdenThe effect at Zanzibar of recent proclamations of the Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] about the trade in enslaved peopleThe responsibility for the enforcement of the order of the Imaum prohibiting the sale of enslaved people to, or their purchase from, British subjectsThe attempts of Rubiel bin Uslan and Hennell to liberate five enslaved Indian subjects at Muscat, and correspondence with the Imaum of Muscat and the Acting Governor of Muscat, Syud Thooenee bin Sueed [Sayyid Thuwainī bin Sa'īd Āl Bū Sa'īd] on the subjectA plan to reunite an Indian girl rescued from slavery in Muscat with her friends in Moradabad.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 73, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4548, [Season 18]44’, ‘Collection No 1 of No 45’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 478 and terminates at f 547, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
84. ‘Persian Gulf Slave Trade. Relative to the discovery and rescue at Muscat, of a Slave Girl who had been kidnapped from her own Country and sold into Slavery.-’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, an extract of a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 28 August 1855. The enclosures are dated 22 November 1854-8 August 1855.The item relates to updates provided by Khojeh Hiskale [Khawājah Ḥizqīl bin Yūsuf], British Agent at Muscat, to Captain Arnold Burrowes Kemball, Resident in the Persian Gulf, on a recent case involving an enslaved Soomali [Somali, also rendered in text as Somaly and Somalee] girl who was brought to Muscat. In particular, attention is paid to the efforts of Syed Soweynee [Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd], Governor of Muscat, to find and punish the man who sold her (Salim ben Mahomed ben Salim ul Mukhetee [Sālim bin Muḥammad bin Sālim al-Mukhṭī?], a native of Soor [Sur]).Kemball forwards the updates, along with his own comments, to the Government of Bombay.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department', Draft Number '1199 [18]55', 'Collection No.7', and 'Examiner's Office'. Originally, the Collection number was given as '4 of No. 86 of 1855.' but this has been crossed out.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 618, and terminates at f 624, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.