Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 30 September 1847. A copy of this Political Letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2238/112322, alongside details of further enclosures. The item is the thirtieth in a series of fifty-nine items on events in the Persian Gulf.The item relates to a report from the Native Agent at Bahrein [Bahrain], to Major Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf, dated 24 August 1847. The Native Agent reports on the outcomes of the recent negotiations at Nedjd [Najd] between Shaik Busheer bin Ramah [Shaikh Bashīr bin Raḥmah], (on behalf of Shaik Mahomed bin Khuleefa of Bahrein [Shaikh Muḥammad bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah, Shaikh of Bahrain]) and Ameer Fysul, the Wahabee ruler [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd, leader of the Wahhābī]. Hennell forwards the report on to the Government of Bombay along with his comments on the negotiations. In particular, Hennell mentions the fate of the previous Shaik of Bahrein, Shaik Abdoollah bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah], as well as Ameer Fysul’s weakened influence in the wake of the invasion of Bin Aoon [Muḥammad bin ‘Abd al-Mu‘īn bin ‘Awn, Sharīf of Mecca] and Ameer Khalid [Amīr Khālid bin Sa‘ūd].Hennell also provides a brief update on the relations between the shaiks of: Debaye [Dubai]; Shargah [Sharjah]; Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi]; and Amulgavine [Umm al-Qaywayn].The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘Draft No. 345/48’, ‘Collection No. 2 of No. 118, Vol: 30.’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 415, and terminates at f 420, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 30 September 1847. A copy of this Political Letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2238/112322, alongside details of further enclosures. The item is the twentieth in a series of fifty-nine items on events in the Persian Gulf.The item contains a letter from Major Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf, to the Government of Bombay, dated 8 June 1847. Hennell reports intelligence that a force under command of Bin Aoon the Shureef of Mecca [Muḥammad bin ‘Abd al-Mu‘īn bin ‘Awn, Sharīf of Mecca] and Ameer Khaled ben Saood [Amīr Khālid bin Sa‘ūd] has advanced into Nedjd [Najd] and communicated to Ameer Fysul the Wahabee Chief [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd, leader of the Wahhābī] that if he wishes to continue governing Nedjd he must pay an annual tribute to the Porte [Government of the Ottoman Empire]. Hennell further reports that Ameer Fysul replied he was authorised to govern the region by Mahomed Ally Pasha [Muḥammad ‘Alī Pāshā] and would resist any further advances until he had heard from his superior. Hennell states that the ‘general impression’ is that Ameer Fysul would not be able to successfully resist the invading force.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘Draft No. 345/48’, ‘Collection No. 2 of No. 118, Vol: 20.’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 366, and terminates at f 368, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 30 September 1847. A copy of this Political Letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2238/112322, alongside details of further enclosures. The item is the twenty-second in a series of fifty-nine items on events in the Persian Gulf.The item contains a report from the Agent at Bahrein [Bahrain, also rendered in text as Bahreen] to Major Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf, dated 9 July 1847. The Agent reports that Ameer Fysul, head of the Wahabees [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd, leader of the Wahhābī], led a successful attack against the forces of Ben Aoon, Sheriff of Mecca [Muḥammad bin ‘Abd al-Mu‘īn bin ‘Awn, Sharīf of Mecca] at Nedjd [Najd]. This took place after Ameer Fysul received confirmation from Abbas Pasha [ʿAbbās Pāshā] at Alexandria that Ben Aoon’s expedition had not been authorised by the Turkish [Ottoman Empire] Government. Hennell forwards this report to the Government of Bombay, conveying his doubts that Ben Aoon would have undertaken such a sizeable expedition without prior authorisation.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘Draft No. 345/48’, ‘Collection No. 2 of No. 118, Vol: 22.’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 374, and terminates at f 377, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
Abstract: The file consists of letters sent outwards from the British Residency in the Persian Gulf by the Officiating Resident, Samuel Hennell; and Thomas Mackenzie, Acting Assistant in Charge. The most common addressee is John Pollard Willoughby, Secretary to the Political Department of the Government of Bombay; with those addressed to John Pepper, Commander of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf, a distant second. Letters addressed to various officials/officers of the East India Company, and the British Government make up the remainder.In general, the correspondence concerns the movement of British war ships, mail, and officers throughout the Persian Gulf; as well as matters of a routine administrative nature. The renewal and enforcement of the maritime truce during the pearl fishing season are also covered.More specific subjects featured include the following:An experiment to measure the consumption rate of two types of wood aboard the
Hugh Lindsay.The defeat of Ameer Fysul [Amīr Fayṣul], the Wahabi Chief, by Shaikh Khaled ben Saood [Khalid bin Saud] with the assistance of Mahomed Ally Pasha [Muḥammad ‘Alī Pāshā], Ruler of Egypt.A report that the Amaeer and Hawajir [Banī Hājir] tribes have taken advantage of the disturbed state of Nedjd [Najd] to undertake plunder and piracy.The conflict between Shaikh Khulleefa ben Shackboot of Aboothabee [Khalīfah bin Shakhbūṭ, Chief of Abu Dhabi] and his 'revolted dependant' Khadim ben Nehman [Khādim bin Nehman Na‘mān] of Adeed.The Resident's annual tour of the Arabian Coast.The uncertainty surrounding the position of Shaikh Nassir [Shaykh Nāṣir] as Governor of Bushire.The capture of Mombasa by the Imam of MuscatObservations made by the Resident on the extent of the authority of Sulṭān bin Saqr over the Arabian Coast.A suggestion from the Resident for the resumption of communications between the Bushire Residency, and the Shiraz Government on matters of a minor nature.A suggestion from Shaikh Sulṭān bin Saqr, Chief of Ra's al-Khaymah, that the current maritime truce be renewed as a permanent peace.The file also contains an itemised list of the repairs required by the Bushire Residency with projected costs, a translation of the maritime truce renewed from 7 April to 29 November 1837, and a list of articles that were found in a godown of one of the caravanseraces at Bushire.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the cover and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The file contains the following foliation corrections: 58A, and 58B.Pagination: The file also contains an original pagination sequence between ff 2-59; these numbers are written in ink, and can be found in the top outermost corners of each page.
Abstract: The file consists of secret letters sent to Samuel Hennell, British Resident in the Persian Gulf. The majority of this correspondence is from either the Government of Bombay, or the Secret Committee based at India House in London. These letters frequently contain enclosures (i.e. copies) of communications sent between the Government of Bombay, the Government of India, and the home authorities in Britain; this also includes correspondence with HM Consul-General to Egypt.The principal correspondents in the file are as follows:Patrick Campbell, HM Consul-General to Egypt.George Eden, Governor-General of India.Thomas Henry Maddock, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General, writing in the Secret Department.Rear-Admiral Sir Lewis Frederick Maitland, Commander of the East Indies and China Station.Lestock Robert Reid, Acting Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay.Henry John Temple, Third Viscount Palmerston, Foreign Secretary for the United Kingdom.John Pollard Willoughby, Secretary to the Government of Bombay, writing in the Secret Department.The subject matter concerns the conquest of Nedjd [Najd] by Khorshid Pasha [Khūrshid Pāshā] on behalf of Mahomed Ali Pasha [Muḥammad ‘Alī Pāshā], Viceroy of Egypt; and his subsequent efforts to subjugate Bahrein [Bahrain] and the Arab tribes of Oman. It therefore covers British efforts to prevent the further advancement of Egyptian forces towards the Persian Gulf; this includes their reaction to the voluntary submission of Abdoola bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah], Chief of Bahrein, to Egypt, and their efforts to coordinate the Arab tribes against the Egyptians.The other main subject covered by this file is the diplomatic rupture between Britain and Persia. The occupation of Karrack [Khārk, Jazīreh-ye] by a British force from India, and the removal of the Residency from Bushire to that island are therefore covered as a result. The feasibility of an invasion of southern Persia is also discussed within the correspondence.Topics featured in the correspondence to a lesser extent include the following:The reprimand of Lieutenant-Colonel James Shiriff, Commander of the British force at Karrack, for undermining the political position of the Resident.The strengthening of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf.The removal of Shaikh Nasir [Shaykh Nāṣir] from the island of Karrack.A visit to the Persian Gulf by Rear-Admiral Sir Frederick Maitland aboard HMS
Wellesley.A report from Captain Aikins Hamerton and Captain John T Leslie on their mission to obtain mules for the British force at Karrack.The provisioning of two steamers for an expedition to navigate the rivers Euphrates and Tigris.The correspondence in French only amounts to 5 folios (see ff 75-79), and consists of translations of Egyptian correspondence relating to British pressure on Khorshid Pasha to abandon his designs on Bahrein.Please also note that in the file Mahomed Ali Pasha is also spelt Mehemet Ali, and there is a degree of variation in the spelling of Khorshid Pasha. Pasha is also frequently spelt Pacha.Physical description: Condition: The content of the file is largely in good condition. However, ff 81-88 have a section missing — possibly a result of pest damage — and some of the text has been lost as a result.Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The file also contains an original pagination sequence, which is written in ink.
Abstract: This part of the volume consists of copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 29 of 1853, dated 28 April 1853. The enclosures are numbered 3-16 and are dated 1 December 1852-21 April 1853.The papers relate to the march of a Wahabee [Wahhābī] force from Nedjd [Najd] to Brymee [Buraymi] in Oman via Guttur [Qatar].The correspondents are the Resident in the Persian Gulf (Captain Arnold Burrowes Kemball) and the Chief Secretary to Government, Bombay.Physical description: 1 item (69 folios)