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121. Sketch map of the Omani and Emirati coast from Muscat northbound
- Description:
- Abstract: Distinctive Features:Relief shown by contours and hachures.Towns under Muscat authority underlined in red ink with distance from Ras Al Hamra inserted and shown in miles. Contains annotations concerning geology on hot springs and volcanic rocks, valleys and rivers labelled and shown by pecked line.Physical description: Materials:Pen and ink on tracing clothDimensions:482 x 305 mm
122. Letters inward
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of letters sent to Samuel Hennell, the British Resident in the Persian Gulf, by the Government of Bombay in response to the Resident's activities in the Gulf. The main subject matter concerns Egyptian encroachment in Oman; and a commercial treaty negotiated between Britain and the Sultan/Imam of Muscat.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the cover and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The remains of an original pagination sequence written in ink can also be found in the file. There are a number of gaps so the sequence is incomplete, which indicates that the file may have been subjected to a degree of weeding in the past.
123. Secret Letters Inward
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of secret letters sent to Samuel Hennell, British Resident in the Persian Gulf. The majority of this correspondence is from either the Government of Bombay, or the Secret Committee based at India House in London. These letters frequently contain enclosures (i.e. copies) of communications sent between the Government of Bombay, the Government of India, and the home authorities in Britain; this also includes correspondence with HM Consul-General to Egypt.The principal correspondents in the file are as follows:Patrick Campbell, HM Consul-General to Egypt.George Eden, Governor-General of India.Thomas Henry Maddock, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General, writing in the Secret Department.Rear-Admiral Sir Lewis Frederick Maitland, Commander of the East Indies and China Station.Lestock Robert Reid, Acting Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay.Henry John Temple, Third Viscount Palmerston, Foreign Secretary for the United Kingdom.John Pollard Willoughby, Secretary to the Government of Bombay, writing in the Secret Department.The subject matter concerns the conquest of Nedjd [Najd] by Khorshid Pasha [Khūrshid Pāshā] on behalf of Mahomed Ali Pasha [Muḥammad ‘Alī Pāshā], Viceroy of Egypt; and his subsequent efforts to subjugate Bahrein [Bahrain] and the Arab tribes of Oman. It therefore covers British efforts to prevent the further advancement of Egyptian forces towards the Persian Gulf; this includes their reaction to the voluntary submission of Abdoola bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah], Chief of Bahrein, to Egypt, and their efforts to coordinate the Arab tribes against the Egyptians.The other main subject covered by this file is the diplomatic rupture between Britain and Persia. The occupation of Karrack [Khārk, Jazīreh-ye] by a British force from India, and the removal of the Residency from Bushire to that island are therefore covered as a result. The feasibility of an invasion of southern Persia is also discussed within the correspondence.Topics featured in the correspondence to a lesser extent include the following:The reprimand of Lieutenant-Colonel James Shiriff, Commander of the British force at Karrack, for undermining the political position of the Resident.The strengthening of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf.The removal of Shaikh Nasir [Shaykh Nāṣir] from the island of Karrack.A visit to the Persian Gulf by Rear-Admiral Sir Frederick Maitland aboard HMS Wellesley.A report from Captain Aikins Hamerton and Captain John T Leslie on their mission to obtain mules for the British force at Karrack.The provisioning of two steamers for an expedition to navigate the rivers Euphrates and Tigris.The correspondence in French only amounts to 5 folios (see ff 75-79), and consists of translations of Egyptian correspondence relating to British pressure on Khorshid Pasha to abandon his designs on Bahrein.Please also note that in the file Mahomed Ali Pasha is also spelt Mehemet Ali, and there is a degree of variation in the spelling of Khorshid Pasha. Pasha is also frequently spelt Pacha.Physical description: Condition: The content of the file is largely in good condition. However, ff 81-88 have a section missing — possibly a result of pest damage — and some of the text has been lost as a result.Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The file also contains an original pagination sequence, which is written in ink.
124. Pol Ext 8303/49 'Geology and mineral resources of Dhofar: request for reports of A L von Krafft and R P Oldham 1900-01'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains papers relating to the mineral resources and geological formations of Dhofar province in Oman. The file's contents revolve around the publication of a report compiled by Sir Cyril Sankey Fox in 1947 called 'The Geology and Mineral Resources of Dhufar Province, Muscat and Oman', which was published on behalf of the Sultan of Muscat and Oman. The contents of the report relied on a mineral audit compiled by the Geological Survey of India.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 56; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
125. Political No. 137 of 1874, Forwarding a Further Collection of Papers Regarding the ‘Hostile’ Proceedings of Ibrahim bin Kais on the Batinah Coast and the General Aspect of Affairs in Oman
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of a Political Despatch from the Government of India Foreign Department to the Secretary of State for India, dated 28 July 1874, acknowledging receipt of the latter’s despatch No. 8 of 4 July 1874, forwarding a further collection of papers regarding the ‘hostile’ proceedings of Ibrahim bin Kais on the Batinah Coast and the general aspect of affairs in Oman.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 231, and terminates at f 263a, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The sequence contains six foliation anomalies: f 231a, f 242a, f 242b, f 252a, f 252b, and f 263a, and one foliation omission, f 244.
126. Political No. 219 of 1874, Relating to the Decision of the Law Officers of the Crown Regarding the Reception of Fugitive ‘Slaves’ on Board British Ships, and How Far the Course Laid Down is to be Conformed to within the Territorial Waters of Oman
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of a copy of enclosures to a Political Despatch from the Government of India Foreign Department to the Secretary of State for India, dated 11 December 1874. The enclosures relate to the decision of the Law Officers of the Crown communicated under the Secretary of State’s docket of 15 July 1874 on the subject of the reception of fugitive enslaved persons on board HM ships and other British vessels, and the Political Agent and Consul at Muscat soliciting instructions as to how far the course laid down by the Law Officers of the Crown is to be conformed to within the territorial waters of the Principality of Oman.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences and terminates at f 571, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
127. Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of a despatch to the Secret Committee, 18 July 1839, from John Pollard Willoughby, Secretary to the Government, Bombay [Mumbai], containing a series of numbered enclosures. The despatch itself (not included) is numbered 1 and is followed by an abstract of contents, numbered 2. This is followed by despatches, numbered 3-8, from Captain Samuel Hennell, Political Resident, Persian Gulf, to Willoughby, with relevant enclosures.The papers chiefly relate to Hennell’s efforts to check the perceived extension of Egyptian influence on the Arabian coast of the Persian Gulf, particularly in the province of Oman, and to bring about the expulsion from Shargah [Sharjah] of Sued bin Mooktluk [Sa‘d bin Mutlaq al-Muṭayrī], the self-professed agent of Khorshid Pasha [Khūrshid Pasha], Commander of the Egyptian Forces in Nedgd [Najd, also known as Nejd].The majority of the item comprises Hennell’s report of his tour of the Arabian coast, in the Hugh Lindsay, providing details of his meetings with: Shaik Abdoollah bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah], Chief of Bahrein; [Bahrain] Shaik Kuleefa bin Shakboot [Shaikh Khalīfah bin Shakhbut Āl Nahyān] Chief of Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], Chief of the Beniyas [Bani Yas]; Shaik Mukhtoom [Maktūm I bin Buṭṭī bin Suhayl Āl Maktūm] of Debaye [Dubai]; Abdoollah bin Rushid [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Rāshid al-Mu’allā], Shaik of Amulgavin [Umm al-Qaywayn]; and Shaik Sultan bin Suggur [Shaikh Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī], Chief of Rasel Khymah [Ra’s al-Khaymah, also spelled Rusil and Rasil Khymah in this item], Chief of the Joasmees [al-Qawāsim]. He also reports his communications with the chiefs of the Naeem [al-Na‘īm] tribe regarding their opposition to Sued bin Mootluk’s plans to capture the fort of Brymee [Al Buraymi].Hennell’s disussions with the Arab Maritime Chiefs cover: the reasons behind the Chief of Bahrein’s agreement recognising the superiority of Mahomed Ally [Muḥammad ‘Alī Pasha al-Mas‘ūd bin Āghā] Governor of Egypt; the extent of the communications of the chiefs with Sued bin Mootluk; on-going conflicts between the chiefs and their mutual accusations of collusion with bin Mootluk; Hennell’s extraction from the chiefs of declarations of loyalty to the British Government and opposition to the ‘aggressions’ of Khorshid Pasha and Mahomed Ally (copies enclosed with the report); the supply of ammunition and provisions to the chiefs of Brymee and promise to post a British Agent there; pressure on Sultan bin Suggur to effect the expulsion of Sued bin Mootluk from Shargah [Sharjah]. Hennell concludes his report by suggesting formal remonstrances be made by British Government representatives in Cairo, and that blockades and destruction of towns and vessels should be the threatened consequence of any maritime chief assisting Sued bin Mootluk.Also included in the item is: Hennell’s protest to Khorshid Pasha regarding Sued bin Mootluk’s claims to have taken over the government of Oman, against the apparent policy of Mahomed Ally; Hennell's request to Bombay for musket powder and lead; Hennell's report of his arrival in Muscat and discussions with the son and nephew of the Imam of Muscat in which he encourages Muscat to assist the Naeem against any attack by Sued bin Mootluk on Brymee; news of the removal of Mirza Assad as Govenor of Bushire [Bushehr] and his replacement by the authorities at Shiraz with Mirza Mahomed Houssein [Muḥammad Ḥusayn], the son-in-law of the Wuzier [Vizier] [of Shiraz?], Mirza Ahmed Khan [Mirza Aḥmad Khan].Physical description: 1 item (37 folios)
128. Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 110 of 1846, dated 30 September 1846. The enclosures are dated 14 May-29 September 1846.The principal correspondents are: Major Samuel Hennell, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Secretary to the Government, Bombay; and the Under-Secretary to the Government of India. Also included are minutes of the Governor and President and members in Council, Bombay.The papers cover and include the following matters:Proceedings regarding the settlement of the British Government’s claims, on behalf of British subjects and of Persian subjects, upon the Shaik [Shaikh, also spelled Sheik in this item] of Kenn [Kish, also referred to as Ges in this item], on account of the property ‘plundered’ by inhabitants of the island from the wreck of the HC [Honourable Company’s] schooner Emilyin 1845 (a large portion of which is alleged to have come into the possession of the Sheik of Kenn). Included are copies of Hennell’s letter to the Governor of Fars, the statement of Hajee Jacoob [Ḥājjī Ya‘qūb], the Government Pilot sent to investigate the whereabouts of the ‘treasure’, and correspondence between the Sheik of Kenn and Commodore John Croft Hawkins, in relation to the payment, by instalments, of compensation (ff 392-397)Copper sheathing recovered by ‘salvors’ [divers] of Debaye [Dubai] from a location where HMS Foxran aground in January, the Bahrein [Bahrain] Native Agent’s detention of the metal and prevention of its sale in Bahrein, its conveyance to Bushire [Bushehr] for sale by Hennell and division of the profits between the salvors and the British GovernmentA copy of Hennell’s report to HM Minister at the Court of Persia [Iran], forwarded for the information of the Government of Bombay, on the prospective early return to Bushire of Shaik Nasir [Shaikh Nāṣir II Āl Madhkūr] and containing his views on Houssein Khan [Ḥusayn Khān], Ruler of Fars, and the general character of his Government (ff 409-411)The placing, by Hennell, of the HC schooner Constanceat the disposal of Commodore Hawkins for despatch to the Presidency of BombayIntelligence reports, sent by Heskeal bin Yusoof [Ḥizqīl bin Yūsuf], Acting Native Agent at Muscat, to the Persian Secretary to Government (ff 416, 419-420, 425, 428, 430-431, 433-434), covering affairs in Muscat, notably political matters, conflicts between inhabitants and tribes, killings and disturbances. The reports mention the bugla [buggalow] Futhool Moobaruckwhich left Bombay in May running aground near Jazir, whose crew were allegedly refused assistance by the inhabitants and robbed of their clothes (f 420), and the fate of Thomas Brookman, an English traveller in Oman (f 434).Physical description: 1 item (55 folios)
129. Muscat Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 145 of 1846, dated 2 December 1846. The enclosures are dated 9 September-2 December 1846.The papers relate to affairs in Muscat [also spelled Maskat in this item], reported to the Government of Bombay by Captain Atkins Hamerton, HM Consul and HC [Honourable Company’s] Agent in the Dominions of the Imaum [Imām, also spelled Imam in this item] of Muscat (based in Zanzibar), including:The result of Hamerton’s investigation of the rumour that the Imaum had agreed to transfer Muscat and its dependencies to his son Prince Said Hillal [Sayyid Hilāl bin Saʿīd, also spelled Hellaul and Hillaul in this item], and Hamerton’s report of the bad relationship existing between the Imaum and the PrinceThe anxious desire, as conveyed by Hamerton to the Government of Bombay, of the Imaum to receive a response to his request to blockade the port of Bushire [Bushehr] in retaliation for the ‘oppressive conduct’ by Persian [Iranian] Government officials, notably the Governor of Bunder Abbas [Bandar Abbas], towards his subjects in his possessions on the Persian coastThe proceedings of the Chief of Sohar, Syed Hamood bin Azan [Sayyid Ḥammūd bin ‘Azzān Āl Bū Sa‘īd, also spelled Saied in this item] in the Persian Gulf, including his transferring to the Matawas [al-Muṭawwi‘ūn, priests] of the Beni Saad [Banū Sa‘d, an Omani family group] the Fort of Sohar and its dependencies inland, and the election by 500 Matawas of an ‘Imam’ [‘a chief priest or Bishop’] for Oman (an office filled for many years by the Imām of Muscat’s family).The principal correspondents are Hamerton and the Government of Bombay.The last three enclosures, the Bombay Times Summary of Intelligence, the Overland Bombay Courierand the Bombay Telegraphare noted as ‘Missing 29.10.1906’.Physical description: 1 item (19 folios)
130. Muscat Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay, Secret Department, to the Secret Committee, Number 8 of 1850, dated 15 February 1850.The enclosed papers, dated 5 November 1849 to 15 February 1850, concern affairs in the territories of the Imaum [Imām] of Muscat and Oman. They comprise minutes and correspondence between Captain Atkins Hamerton, British Consul and East India Company Agent, Zanzibar; Stafford Bettesworth Haines, Political Agent, Aden; and the Government of Bombay.The papers mainly concern the exile of the Imaum's [Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] eldest son, Hillal [Hilāl bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd] to Lamoo [Lamu] on the East African Coast.Physical description: 1 item (11 folios)
131. Coll 30/15 'Anthems and Flags of Various States. Bahrein [Bahrain], Koweit [Kuwait], Muscat, Asir, Yemen, Qatar, Trucial, Oman'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence between British officials related to the national anthems and official flags of a number of different states and their rulers. Specifically, the correspondence relates to the national anthem of Bahrain, the personal standard of the Ruler of Kuwait, the flag of Muscat, the flag of Qatar and the flags of the various states of the Trucial Coast.In addition to correspondence, the file contains the following:sheet music for the tune of 'Salutation and March to His Highness the Sultan of Muscat and Oman' (folio 45)small sketches of the peace and wartime flags of the Trucial States, with details in both English and Arabic (folios 55-57)a sketch of the flag of Qatar (folio 72 and 74)The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 130; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
132. Coll 15/2 'Egypt. Acceptance of foreign decorations by Egyptian subjects'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, 'regarding the desire of the Egyptian Government that the text of their latest regulations governing the acceptance by Egyptian subjects of foreign decorations may be communicated to the government of Muscat and Oman, and that they may be informed of the dates on which that government take cognisance of the regulations.'The file includes three documents in French including 'Rescrit Royal No. 67 de 1931,' signed 'Fouad' (ff 14).The correspondence concludes with dispatches from the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf confirming that the Political Agent and HM Consul, Muscat, had informed him that the 'Muscat State' took cognisance of the regulations on 6 April 1932.Correspondents include: the King of Egypt (Fuad I, spelled as Fouad in the file); HM's High Commissioner for Egypt and the Sudan, (Percy Loraine); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Foreign Secretary to the Government of India, Simla; Under-Secretary of State for India, India Office, London (Sir Samuel Hoare); Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, London (Sir John Simon).The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 17; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.