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85. 'File 11/12 VII Muscat Intelligence Summary'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains the monthly (approximately) political diary entries by the Political Agent in Muscat to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf. The entries cover a range of subjects including the movement of British officials, transport, tribal affairs, commodity prices, and shipping, and local news.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 35; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
86. 'File 11/12 Muscat Intelligence Summary'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains political and administrative diary entries filed by the Political Agent in Muscat at two week intervals. The subject matter of the entries varies greatly, and covers British political interests; local political affairs; visits of dignitaries; meteorological information; shipping; and tribal affairs. The more extensive entries narrate events that involve the Sultan of Muscat and Oman, or major political figures in Oman, and that may have political implications locally or internationally.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 198; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-195; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
87. 'File 11/13 Instructions Regarding Submission of Diaries'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains instructions sent by the British Residency and Consulate General at Bushire to the Political Agencies in Bahrain, Kuwait, and Muscat. The file contains a series of instructions on the appropriate content and form of intelligence summaries sent on a regular basis from the various Political Agents of the Persian Gulf to the Political Resident at Bushire.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 44; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-17; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
88. 'File 14/1- Vol 6 OIL CONCESSIONS MUSCAT'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to oil concessions in the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman:Topics discussed include:Use of airfields by Petroleum Concessions LimitedExplorations in Oman by the Iraq Petroleum CompanyA map of concession areas in the Middle EastDemarcation of the Muscat/Aden boundaryExplorations for oil in Hadhramaut, Mahra, and Dhofar.Included in the file is a copy (folio 83) of the letter in 1929 from Sultan Taymūr bin Fayṣal bin Turkī Āl Bū Sa‘īd to the Political Agent, Muscat (Gerald Patrick Murphy concerning the boundaries of Dhofar province.Also included (ff 94-95) are the 'Instructions to Field Party for Geological Reconnaissance of Southeastern Hadramhaut, the Mahra and Dhofar'.The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent, Muscat (Ralph Ingham Hollows); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (William Rupert Hay); the Political Agent, Bahrain; Iraq Petroleum Company (Stephen Hemsley Longrigg); the Manager, Petroleum Concessions (Trucial Coast) Limited, (Basil Henry le Riolet Lermitte); and Representative for Petroleum Concessions (Trucial Coast) Limited (Richard Bird).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 219; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
89. 'File 14/1 III Oil concession in Muscat'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to oil concessions in Muscat territory.The discussion in the volume relates to the following issues:Agreement between HM Government and Petroleum Concessions Ltd (ff 17-19)Sultan's negotiations with Petroleum Concessions LtdFuel supplies for air reconnaissanceMuscat Oil ConcessionPolitical AgreementExploration of Buraimi and Jebel HafitEmployment of American geologists for exploration in Muscat hinterland.The volume also includes (ff 236-241) a 'Note on Petroleum Developments in the Arabian Peninsula (Prepared in the Petroleum Department, June 1938)'.The principal correspondents include: the Political Agent, Muscat (Ralph Ponsonby Watts); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Petroleum Development (Oman and Dhofar) Ltd, (Stephen Hemsley Longrigg); the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd].Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 295; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are also present in parallel between ff 3-292, and ff 89-291; these numbers are also written in pencil, the first one are circled and the second are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
90. 'File 14/1 PCL termination of Dhufar concession'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises two items of correspondence concerning the termination of the concession held by Petroleum Development (Oman and Dhofar) Limited for oil exploration in Dhofar. The correspondence is between Basil Henry le Riolet Lermitte and the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd].The file also includes a letter from Lermitte to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (William Rupert Hay) informing that the Sultan had approved the arrangements in which the separate concession for Dhofar was renounced.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 6; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
91. 'File 14/1 Oil: concessions in Muscat'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to oil concessions in Muscat territory.The discussion in the volume relates to the following issues:Correspondence with officials of Petroleum ConcessionsDiscussions with Major Frank Holmes about visiting Sultan Sa'id bin TaimurAwarding of a separate concession for Dhofar.Included in the volume is a copy of the draft agreement between Petroleum Concessions and Sultan Sa'id bin Taimur (ff 65-77). Also included (folio 15) is a hand-written letter in Arabic by Sultan Sa'id bin Taimur to the Political Agent, Muscat concerning a new oil survey.The principal correspondents in the volume include the Political Agent, Muscat; the Secretary of State for India; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr].Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 212; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-212; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
92. 'File 11/14 Gwadur General: Diary Notes etc.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains the diary entries of the British Agent, Gwadur [Gwadar], in correspondence with the British Agent at Muscat. It contains letters and entries on various subjects but generally cohere around conflicts and violence in Iran's region of Baluchistan and possible repercussions in Gwadur. The volume also contains other miscellaneous political correspondence relating to claims of British firms, aviation records, and temporary passage and visits by dignitaries to Gwadur.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 402; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 5-399; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. The file has one foliation anomaly, f 172a.
93. 'File 11/15 Captain Eccles' Report on the Interior of Oman'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains a report compiled by Captain George J Eccles commandant at the Muscat Infantry on the interior of Oman in November and December of 1926. The file contains a detailed description of the expedition let by Eccles and included geologists and members of the National History Society. The expedition began at Beit al Falaj near Muscat and proceeded through Khaburah, Sham, Mahadhah, and Sohar. The report covers relations with and between various tribes visited on the expedition, including the Bani Umar, Bani Ali, and the Bani Ka'ab tribes. The expedition's formal title was that of a Geological Surveying Party of the D'Arcy Exploration Company.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 48; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence between ff 44-47, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
94. ‘File 5/191 II Individual slavery cases’
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence related to individual cases of the enslavement and trade of Baluchis from the Makran coast and Karachi, to the Trucial and Oman Coast, and in particular to Dubai. The correspondence is predominantly between Government representatives in Karachi/Sind, the Persian Gulf Political Resident at Bushire (of which there were three incumbents during the period covered), and the native Residency Agent at Sharjah, ‘Īsá bin ‘Abd al-Latif. The cases discussed touch upon British attempts to identify and recover Baluchis reportedly taken and transported to the Trucial Coast, repatriation measures, the terms of punishment for traders/kidnappers, and the expenses incurred at offering protection for recovered slaves.Of particular interest in the file are reports on the slave trade between Baluchistan and the Gulf, 1923/24 (folios 98-114); correspondence between the native agent at Sharjah and the Trucial Coast shaikhs on slave trade (e.g. folios 361-362); and the Hindu community of Dubai’s efforts to take action against the trade of Hindu boys from Karachi (folio 364).Physical description: Foliation: The volume is foliated with circled pencil numbers from the front cover to the last folio, in the top-right corner of each recto. An earlier foliation system uses uncircled pencil numbers, also in the top-right corner of each recto.Condition: There is some insect damage on the front cover and a small number of folios, but not sufficient to impair legibility.
95. 'File 8/20: MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: RISE OF OMANIS'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file relates to British policy in Muscat and Oman. It contains extensive correspondence and memoranda from the Political Agent and Consul at Muscat, mainly addressed to the Deputy Political Resident in the Persian Gulf and the Civil Commissioner in Baghdad, which discusses the rivalry between the Sultanate of Muscat and the Imamate of Oman, the history of British relations with the ruling sultans, and negotiations between the Sultan [Taymūr bin Fayṣal bin Turkī Āl Bū Sa‘īd] and the Omani tribes.Related matters of discussion include the following: comparisons between the Sultan's rule and that of the Imam's; the question of whether British support for the current Sultan's Government should be continued, given the state of its finances and the Sultan's standing with the Omani tribes; possible reforms to the Sultan's Government, as proposed by the Political Agent; the Political Agent's meeting with Omani representative Shaikh Isa bin Salih [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin Ṣāliḥ al-Ḥārthī]; negotiations between the Sultan and the Omanis (in which the Political Agent acts as mediator), and the terms for a final settlement between the two parties; plans for the Sultan to impose a penal zakat on certain Omani tribes; the murder of the Imam on 21 July 1920.Correspondents besides the Political Agent include the following: the Deputy Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Civil Commissioner, Baghdad; officials of the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 318; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.Condition: folios 274-276 are damaged and have parts of their edges missing, resulting in the loss of text.
96. ‘File 16/37A-I Anti-Locust Measures’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence, reports and other papers relating to efforts, undertaken by representatives of the Middle East Anti-Locust Unit (MEALU), to control desert locusts (first reported in western India in August 1942 (f 3)) along the Arab coast between Bahrain and Oman. The principal correspondents include: the Political Agent at Bahrain (Edward Birkbeck Wakefield); the Chief Locust Officer (Reginald Charles Maxwell-Darling) and Locust Officer (Leslie Desmond Edward Foster Vesey-Fitzgerald) of MEALU, who arrived in Bahrain to carry out their work in October 1942; the Defence Officer for the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel H T Hewitt); representatives of the California-Arabian Standard Oil Company (CASOC); and representatives of the Bahrain shipping agent Gray, Mackenzie & Company.The file includes:reports from Maxwell-Darling and Vesey-Fitzgerald, as well as from numerous other British officials from across the Persian Gulf region, including the British Minister at Tehran, Sir Reader William Bullard, on locust observations. The observations include estimations of the size of swarms, movement and direction of insects, age and colour of animals;correspondence relating to arrangements for the shipment of locust poison bait from the Sudan Government in Khartoum, to Bahrain;correspondence relating to the arrangements of facilities for the MEALU team on the Trucial Coast, chiefly arrangements for suitable vehicles (arranged with the assistance of CASOC and the Defence Officer for the Persian Gulf), experienced drivers and motor mechanics, finances, and rations;papers issued by MEALU, including instructions on reporting locust swarms (ff 136-137), and notes on locust campaigns in sparsely inhabited countries (ff 194-195, ff 385-386);a copy of a booklet entitled Methods of Locust Control, produced by the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research and published by the Government of India Press, Calcutta [Kolkota], 1941 (ff 226-236);a reprint of an academic journal article entitled Some results of studies of the Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria, Forsk.) in India, by Rao Bahadur Y Ramchandra Rao (ff 266-278). The article is a reprint from the Bulletin of Entomological Research, volume 33, part 3, published December 1942;some papers relating to anti-locust activities in southern Iran.The file contains a single letter in Arabic, a letter to the Political Agent from the Ruler of Qatar, Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Jāsim Āl Thānī (f 334).Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 450; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-423; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.