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13. PZ 7769/1934 'Supply of maps to the political resident in the Persian Gulf'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence, notes, supply notes, and an air consignment note, relating to the supply of maps to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.It includes correspondence between Trenchard Craven William Fowle, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and John Gilbert Laithwaite, India Office, and between Laithwaite and Arthur Robert Hinks and others at the Royal Geographical Society, regarding Fowle’s requests to be sent copies of the map in Bertram Thomas’s ‘Arabia Felix’, and the map in Philby’s ‘Rub al Khali’. It also includes correspondence between Fowle and M J Clauson, India Office, and between Clauson and Hinks, concerning Fowle’s request for three additional copies of Bertram Thomas’s map to be sent to himself at the Residency, Bushire, and to the Political Agents at Bahrain and Muscat. This correspondence is dated 27 November 1934 to 28 December 1936.Correspondence and other papers dated 27 May 1940 to 9 May 1946, relate to the supply of a complete set of the charts of the Persian Gulf, up to and including the Shatt al Arab, and copies of replacements of charts which may be issued from time to time, to Charles Geoffrey Prior, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf. These papers include a telegram from Prior to the Secretary of State for India, and correspondence between J P Gibson, India Office, and the Superintendent of the Admiralty Charts Supplies Division.The file does not contain any papers for the period between 29 December 1936 to 26 May 1940.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 38; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
14. PZ 5840/35 'Mohammerah Port Regulations'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to the establishment of a Port Office at Mohammerah [Khorramshahr] and accompanying port regulations.The discussion in the volume relates to the following regulations:Accidents relating to water transport on the Karun, and Shatt al-Arab and in the Persian GulfAnchorage for ships entering the mouth of the KarunThe establishment of a Mohammerah Port OfficeCustoms and taxes levied on water craftThe exemption of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC) from taxes based on its concession agreementA report on an accident involving an Anglo-Persian Oil Company tanker (folio 146)Discussion of the political significance of the regulations issued concerning the Shatt al Arab waterway.The principal correspondents in the volume are: Mohammerah Port Officer (Lieutenant F von Kreuze); Commandant, Southern Naval Force; HBM Consul for Khuzistan (A E Watkinson); HM Ambassador to Iran (Sir Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull-Hugessen); Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir John Simon).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 141, and terminates at f 170, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 141-170; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
15. Coll 17/30(1) ‘Iraq. Proposed additional outlet to the sea, in or near Koweit territory. Development of port at Um Qasr.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains papers relating to the proposed construction of a port in Kuwait (Koweit) Bay, and the construction of a port in Um Qasr Creek.The papers mostly concern the following:The attitude of HM Government towards the proposal of the Government of Iraq for the extension of the Iraqi railway system through Kuwait territory to the coast at Koweit Bay, and the construction there of a port under Iraqi control. This proposed port would provide Iraq with an additional commercial outlet to the sea on the Persian Gulf, as an alternative to the Shatt-al-Arab.The Iraqi Government’s adoption of the alternative recommendation of Um Qasr Creek in the Khor Abdulla as the location for the port, and the Iraqi Government raising the question of territorial concessions from Kuwait in relation to the port.The decision of British military authorities in 1941 to construct a port at Um Qasr as an urgent military necessity, to remain under British military control during the Second World War, and the proposal to improve port facilities in Koweit itself in order to enable troops and stores to be disembarked there.The location of the selected site for the port in Um Qasr Creek in relation to the disputed frontier between Iraq and Kuwait.The papers largely consist of India Office minute papers and internal notes, papers of the Committee of Imperial Defence Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, and correspondence and copy correspondence between the following:The India Office and the Foreign Office.The India Office and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.The India Office and the Government of India External Affairs Department.The Foreign Office and HM Embassy, Baghdad (Maurice Peterson, Sir Basil Cochrane Newton, Sir Kinahan Cornwallis, and W E Houston-Boswall).The Commander in Chief in the Middle East, the Commander in Chief in India, and the War Office.Other correspondents in the file include the Army Council, the Air Council, the Admiralty, the Political Agent at Kuwait (Tom Hickinbotham), and the Ruler of Kuwait (Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ).The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 535; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-353; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
16. Coll 30/43 'Persian Gulf: Lighting & Buoying Service in: G/I's Contribution to the Lighting Fund etc'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains lists of light dues (charges levied on ships for the maintenance of lighthouses and other navigation aids) owed by Admiralty vessels for entering or leaving the Shatt al-Arab. In addition to these lists, the file contains related correspondence between British officials in Britain and India, primarily from the Admiralty, the Government of India's Department of Commerce and the Political Department of the India Office.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 183; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
17. Coll 30/4 'Shatt-El-Arab Conservancy Board Convention'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains correspondence between British officials regarding negotiations with the Governments of Iraq and Persia to establish a board to improve and maintain the conservancy of the Shatt el-Arab [Shatt al-Arab] waterway.The primary correspondents in the file are officials from the Admiralty, the Political Residency in the Persian Gulf, the High Commission in Iraq, the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office and the Air Ministry.In addition to correspondence, the file also contains several iterations of a draft of a tri-partite agreement between Britain, Iraq and Persia to set up a 'board to improve and maintain the conservancy of the Shatt el-Arab' and minutes from a series of meetings concerning the content and wording of this agreement that were held at the Colonial Office in London. These meetings were attended by representatives of the Colonial Office, Treasury, Foreign Office, Admiralty, Air Ministry, India Office and the Board of Trade.The file also contains accounts of negotiations that took place between British officials and Persia's First Minister, Abdolhossein Teymourtash (written as Teymourtache in the file). A telegram in French that was sent by Teymourtash to Francis Humphrys, Britain's High Commissioner in Iraq in April 1932 can be found on folio 106.Also enclosed in the file is a draft of a 'Treaty of Residence and Neighbourly Relations' between Iraq and Persia (folios 400-402). This copy is in English, translated from the original Arabic.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 694; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
18. File 1283/1913 Pt 1 'Persian Gulf: Anglo-German Commercial Competition'
- Description:
- Abstract: This is part one (of two) of a larger volume IOR/L/PS/10/366; it concerns increasing German competition experienced by British firms trading in the Persian Gulf region, and contains discussion between British officials as to possible action to strengthen the latter.Specific issues predominantly discussed in this part include:suggestions for the introduction of a lighterage (i.e. lightering) service on the Shatt el Arab, and counter claims that such a service is not required;a trial to import Indian wood from Mysore for use in boxes for the Persian Gulf date trade to compete with wood imported from Europe in German ships;the view that better co-ordination is needed between British shipping companies and the British Government in order to compete with the Germans.The file also contains two memoranda of interviews held at the Board of Trade: an interview with H J Tweedy representing the Basra Trading Company on 27 March 1913 (see ff 289-290) and an interview with C J Longcroft representing David Sassoon and Company on 3 April 1913 (see ff 270-271). It also contains a printed note by Haji Sultan Shushtari calling for a Persian shipping company to provide competition to the British India Steam Navigation Company (see folio 240).Henry George Chick's (Commercial Adviser and Vice-Consul at Bushire) reports on German Trade and Shipping in the Persian Gulf have been included in this part for 1910-11 (see ff 315-329) and 1911-12 (see ff 219-230 and ff 201-215, two copies), along with a copy of a Diplomatic and Consular Report on the Trade of Basra for 1911 (see ff 272-282).Physical description: This item is part of a larger physical volume and is located towards the back; it occupies folios 199-334.
19. File 4259/1912 'Persian Gulf: Turks and lighting and buoying'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to lighting and buoying installed by the Turkish Government in the Persian Gulf.Correspondence discusses concerns over the erection of a Turkish lighthouse in Fao and the basis upon which a protest could be lodged. Also discussed is the deployment of a Turkish lightship in the Shatt al-Arab, through the replacement of the old Turkish vessel ( Kilidi Bahr) by a new lightship ( Jaffari) and the ramifications of the correspondence with the Turkish Government about this matter. Dredging of various marine navigation channels by the Turkish Government is discussed. Part of these discussions and negotiations involved the creation of a Shatt al-Arab Navigation Commission.The principal correspondents include the Viceroy (Charles Hardinge), the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; HM Ambassador to Constantinople (Sir Gerard Lowther); and HM Consul at Basrah (Francis Edward Crow).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 119; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
20. File 1846/1912 Pt 1-2 'Turkey in Asia: Shatt al Arab Riverain Commission'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence and draft agreements relating to the establishment of the Shatt al Arab Riverain Commission in Ottoman Iraq. The files discuss the Commission's proposed functions on regulating trade and traffic at the Shatt al Arab estuary, but mostly discuss the governing conventions of the Commission and its independence from local Turkish Authorities.The correspondence is mainly between British authorities at the India Office and various British diplomatic missions writing from the capitals of the various European powers involved in talks on the establishment of the Commission in question. Significantly, the papers discuss the possibility of internationalising the Shatt al Arab waterway. However, in view of the fact that the Ottoman claim to the waterway was indisputable, British authorities opted for stronger Imperial Ottoman rather than local Ottoman control over the Commission's activities so as to ostensibly ensure fair treatment of international vessels navigating the Shatt al Arab.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 323; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
21. File 50/1914 Pt 5,6,7, & 8 'Persian Gulf Buoying and Lighting'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence between the Political Agency in Kuwait, the Residency in the Persian Gulf, and Trinity House in London about lighting and buoying operations in the Gulf near the Shatt al Arab waterway. Most of the correspondence relates to the placement of maritime lighting indicators to facilitate the navigation of the northern reaches of the Gulf.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 357; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
22. File 50/1914 Pt 1 'Persian Gulf: Lighting & Buoying; General Arrangements'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains papers relating to the instalment and maintenance of lighting and other navigation facilities in the Persian Gulf, and particularly around the Shatt-al-Arab waterway. Most of the papers pertain to the capital expenditures of the new navigation aids for ships. A minority of the papers document some geo-political concerns regarding the presence of Turkish ships in the Persian Gulf, and the Ottoman State's possible intention to maintain a permanent presence in the Gulf.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 196; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
23. File 50/1914 Pt 10 'Persian Gulf: Lighting and Buoying; Supply of Lighthouse Tender; the Nearchus'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains papers relating to the instalment and maintenance of lighting and other navigation facilities in the Persian Gulf, and particularly around the Shatt-al-Arab waterway, and waters around Kuwait, Bushire, and Bahrain. Most of the papers pertain to the capital expenditures on the new navigation aids for ships.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 233; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
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