Abstract: This volume contains correspondence between British officials regarding the delineation of the border between the British Protectorate of Aden and the Ottoman Vilayet [Province] of Yemen. The volume contains details concerning a number of issues and incidents related to the British-Ottoman border including the construction of boundary pillars, alleged violations of the border by Ottoman forces (notably on the Amiri and Haushabi frontiers) and Britain's relations with tribes in the region. The volume also contains correspondence about the arrangements made for Lieutenant-Colonel Harold Fenton Jacob to hold discussions with an Ottoman official in Yemen regarding the levy of tithes and fees from a number of shaikhs in Haushabi territory (within the British Protectorate of Aden). The volume contains the following cartographic material:The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 199; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
Abstract: This volume contains correspondence regarding the British Protectorate of Aden and its border with the Ottoman Vilayet of Yemen. The correspondence discusses Britain's relations with tribes in the region, and the activities of Ottoman officials including reports of incursions made into British territory by their forces and their attempts to attract tribes to the Ottoman cause. In addition to correspondence between British officials in Aden and India, the volume contains translations of correspondence exchanged between tribal leaders in Yemen as well as letters exchanged between these leaders and British officials in Aden. The volume also contains a detailed description of the frontier between the Sandjak [Sanjak] of Taiz and the Cantons of Amiri, Haushabi, and Subehi. Some of these documents are in French. The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 285; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
Abstract: The volume, which bears the alternative title ‘Turco-Italian War: Italian action in the Red Sea’ on its first page (f 3), contains correspondence relating to the blockade by the Italian navy of ports on the Red Sea, including Hodeida [Al-Ḥudaydah], from 25 January 1912. This action was part of the broader Italo-Turkish War of 1911/1912.The seizures specifically dealt with in the volume include:SS
Tuna, seized by the Italian destroyer
Artigliereon 26 January 1912;the SS
Woodcock,seized by the Italian warship
Calabriaon 2 February 1912, and again by the Italian warship
Elba, on 27 March 1912;numerous native dhows and sambuks, including the
Fath-el-Khair,the
Atiat-el-Ramanand the
Muft-el-Khair.Correspondents in the file include: the British Ambassador to Rome (James Rennell Rodd); the Italian Foreign Minister (Antonio di San Guiliano); the Secretary to the Government of Bombay (Charles Augustus Kincaid); representatives of the merchants Cowasjee [also spelt Cowasji] Dinshaw & Brothers of Aden, owners of the vessel SS
Woodcock; Foreign Office officials (primarily Sir Eyre Alexander Barby Wichart Crowe); India Office officials (Thomas William Holderness; Arthur Hirtzel).Papers include:British Government correspondence relating to the state of affairs in Yemen and Hejaz, namely Italian support for Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Idrisi, and Turkish action against Ali Al-Idrisi;copies of resolutions and correspondence from representatives of the All-India Muslim League and Anjuman-i-Islam, raising concerns that the Italian blockade of Jeddah would prevent Muslims travelling to Mecca on Hajj;correspondence between British Indian traders and vessel owners operating on the Yemen coast, and Government representatives at Aden, relating to blockade actions, including the boarding of vessels by Italian naval officers, and confiscation of goods;correspondence between British officials and British and Italian Government officials (with some letters in Italian), relating to the seizure of vessels, confiscation of goods by the Italian naval officials, the subsequent referral of seizures to the Italian Prize Court [Commissione Delle Prede], and the settlement of individual cases.The file contains copies (in Italian, in addition to English translations) of the Commissione Delle Prede’s orders and regulations (f 17, ff 99-100, f 139, ff 145-146, ff 186-187), and a translation of the Commission’s hearing over the case of SS
Tuna(spelt
Thuna) (ff 69-70).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 315; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-313; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
Abstract: The volume mostly contains copies of Weekly Letters and enclosures from the Political Resident at Aden, which were sent to the India Office for information.The volume consists of two parts: Part 1, dated 26 June 1916 to 19 January 1917, and Part 2, dated 22 December 1916 to 12 December 1918.Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 484; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: The volume contains the Aden weekly newsletters for the years 1912 to 1916, which are also referred to as the Aden or Residency weekly political intelligence summaries or diaries and were compiled by the British Political Resident at Aden. They contain a record of current local events, news and information and were regularly submitted by the Aden Resident to the Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department at Delhi, who then circulated them to the India Office and Foreign Office in London. The newsletters contain information about Turkish troop movements in Yemen; the changing relations and frequent outbreaks of hostilities between the numerous Yemeni tribal chiefs and in particular, the state of their allegiance to either the occupying Ottoman Turks or the British Government, identifying them accordingly as either Turkish or British stipendiary shaikhs. Included in the Resident’s reports are the sources of his information: shaikhs, officials, merchants, traders and travellers visiting or writing to him at Aden, as well as news received from the British Assistant Resident stationed on Perim Island.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 291; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the four leading and end flyleaves.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence and reports related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden). Also enclosed are extracts from Wahab's diary relating to his work on the commission.The file also contains two memorandums written by Lieutenant Colonel Henry Mallaby Abud of the Indian Staff Corps (Indian Army) that discuss the impact of adopting the boundary as recommended by the British commissioners and its impact on relations with tribes in the region (folios 191-195 and 358-367).The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The file contains four maps of the Aden border region (folios 67, 77, 268 and 368).The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 543; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence and reports related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden). Also enclosed are extracts from Wahab's diary relating to his work on the commission.The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The file contains four maps of the Aden border region (folios 348-350 and 377).The file also contains a smaller amount of correspondence and documents related to action taken by the Italian Government against 'piracy' in the Red Sea (including a cutting from
The Daily Telegraph22 October 1902).The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 396; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence and documents related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden. Much of the correspondence in the file relates specifically to the Amiri border region.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden).The following documents are contained in the file:a report written by Colonel Wahab regarding the demarcation of the Amiri border (folios 178-184);a Foreign Office memorandum entitled 'Memorandum on the Boundary of the British Protectorate of Aden' (folios 706-708);a note compiled by the India Office entitled 'Aden Boundary' (folios 709-711).The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The file contains a printed map of the Aden frontier on folio 726.The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 758; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: This file contains correspondence between British officials regarding the delineation of the border between the British Protectorate of Aden and the Ottoman Vilayet of Yemen.Much of the correspondence is between officials at the Foreign Office and the India Office. Much of the correspondence relates to negotiations between the British and the Ottoman Empire and the work of the Anglo-Turkish Boundary Commission (under Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab and Colonel Mustapha Remzi Bey). The file contains some copies of correspondence in French that were sent to Ottoman officials in the course of negotiations.The file contains seven maps, the details of which are as follows:a series of four maps entitled 'South Arabia, Anglo-Turkish Boundary' Sheets 1-4 (folios 43-46);a printed map entitled 'Map of Subaihi Border' with place names in English and Arabic (folio 120);a printed map of the Shekh Sa'id [Sheikh Said] Peninsula (folio 121);a printed map entitled 'Sketch Map of Aden Boundary' (folio 276).The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 300; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The file concerns arms traffic by sea into Yemen in the course of the rebellion there against Turkish rule.The principal correspondents are senior officials of the Foreign Office, the India Office, and the Admiralty; the Viceroy of India (Lord Hardinge); and diplomatic representatives of the Governments of the Ottoman Empire (also referred to as Turkey), France and Italy.The papers cover: diplomatic exchanges between the governments involved following a request by the Turkish Government to halt the illicit import of arms into Yemen by sea; discussion of the response of the British, French and Italian Governments to the possible seizure by the Turkish authorities of vessels (sambuks, dhows) under the protection of those Governments; the use of British, French and Italian naval vessels to patrol the area; the right of the Ottoman authorities to seize British vessels in the Red Sea; and discussions over an agreement between the four Governments to suppress arms traffic.Correspondence from the Turkish and French Governments is in French.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 169. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: The volume contains letters and other papers, mainly by British Consular officials, reporting on the political situation in Yemen between 1905 and 1911. Their correspondence contains numerous military reports about Turkish troop and transport movements, the progress of the conflict between Turkish and Arab forces, and the state of the country and inhabitants of Yemen Vilayet, particularly the capital Sana’a, the Red Sea port town of Hodeida, and Asir in Saudi Arabia. Their diplomatic reports discuss the following topics: the response to be made to the appeal by the Imam of Yemen (also referred to as the Imam of Sana’a, Sanaa or Sana) to the King Emperor (Edward VIII), asking him to intercede with the Sultan of Turkey about the oppression of Turkish officials in Yemen; the letter from Mohammed Johia Hamid-ed-Din, father of the Imam of Yemen to Mohamed Effendi-el-Hariri, Mufti of Hamoh, describing the Arab revolt in Yemen against Turkish rule; the Commission sent by the Grand Shereef of Mecca to the Imam of Yemen with the object of ending the military conflict in Yemen between Turkish troops and the Arab forces of the Imam of Yemen; the letters of friendship from the Imam of Yemen to the Sultan of Lahej (also referred to as the Abdali Sultan) and the interview between the Political Resident for Aden with a representative of the Imam of Yemen sent to propose an alliance with the British Government; the special Turkish Commission sent to Yemen by the Sublime Porte, to negotiate a peace settlement with the Imam of Yemen and the Sheikhs of the Arab tribes; the ratification of the agreement between the Turkish Commander Izzet Pasha and the Imam of Yemen.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 344; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore been crossed out.
Abstract: The volume contains correspondence and memoranda relating to the affairs of the Aden Protectorate. The correspondence is mostly between the Political Residency in Aden, the Political Agency in Dthala [al-Ḍāli‘], the Government of Bombay, the Government of India, the India Office, and the Foreign Office. There are many enclosures to the correspondence, often in the form of printed series of related papers. This includes translations of correspondence to and from tribal leaders.The papers cover discussions around a number of main subjects:the deployment and later withdrawal of a British officer and troops at Dthala;inter-tribal relations;the delineation of the Ottoman Turkish border to the north;treaty negotiations with some of the tribes of the hinterland.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 458; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Additional foliation sequences are present in parallel between ff 115-130, between ff 174-213 and between ff 221-240; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.