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25. ‘Present for the Imaum of Muscat’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of two copies of letters by the Government of Bombay and Captain Thomas Perronet Thompson. Thompson’s letter explains the role played by the Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] in the battle of Ash Kara [Ash Sharqiyah, during the Bani Bu Ali expedition], and the letter from Bombay sets out a possible gift for the Imaum of cut glass and porcelain, modelled on the French gift observed by Major General Lionel Smith.The title page of this item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political, Draft 215, 1823/4, Examiners’ Office 1824’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 128, and terminates at f 130, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
26. 'Status of Basidu'
- Description:
- Abstract: This is a printed confidential memorandum by Sir John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office, dated 18 Oct 1933 and revised 30 October 1933. It concerns details and relevant facts since 1720 with regards to the status of the British concession at Basidu [Bāsa‘īdū] on the island of Kishm in the Persian Gulf. The focus of the memorandum is whether the Imam of Muscat [Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] in granting the British the island of Kishm in 1820 did so as sovereign of Kishm or in his capacity of a tenant of Persia.The memorandum is divided into two parts: the first is entitled 'Status of Basidu' (folios 1-11) and the second is entitled 'Basidu. Historical Note 1720-1928' (folios 12-46). The first part includes the following sections: '1720-1794', '1794-1820', 'Correspondence of 1819 to 1822', 'Period 1823 to 1928', and 'Conclusion'. The second part includes the following sections: 'Period 1720 and 1820', 'Report, dated 14 August 1821, of Dr [Andrew] Jukes, Kishm, as to the origin of the connection of the Imams of Maskat [Muscat] with Kishm, Ormuz [Hormuz], Bunder Abbas [Bandar-e ‘Abbās], and other parts of the Persian Coast near that place', and 'Period 1823 to 1928'.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the first page, and terminates at the last page; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
27. The Forwarding of a Letter Regarding the Horses Sent by the Imaum of Muscat to Queen Victoria
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of a copy of an enclosure to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 85 of 1840, dated 21 October 1840.The enclosure is dated 14 September 1840. It consists of a letter from Captain Atkins Hamerton, on a mission to Muscat (as East India Company Agent in the Dominions of the Imām of Muscat), to the Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay, Lestock Robert Reid. Hamerton writes that at the request of the Imaum [Imām] of Muscat, he is enclosing a letter (not included in this item) to be sent on to Lord Palmerston, HM Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. Hamerton states that the letter concerns the four horses sent by the Imaum to Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, and that the letter was not sent with the horses due to an oversight by the Imaum’s Secretary.Physical description: 1 item (3 folios)
28. Measures Relating to the Suppression of the Trade in Enslaved Persons between the Eastern Coast of Africa and Various Ports in the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 84 of 1841, dated 29 October 1841. The enclosures are dated 27 September-28 October 1841.The enclosures numbered 3-6 (dated 21 June-9 October 1841) are noted as missing. According to the abstract of contents they covered the following:Suggestions (not stated in the item) made by the Resident in the Persian Gulf of certain measures for the suppression of the trade in enslaved persons carried on between the eastern coast of Africa and various ports in the Persian Gulf and the Red SeaThe response of the Secretary to the Government of India regarding those suggestionsRequests for the views of the Political Agent at Aden and the British Agent at Muscat for their views on the suggestions.The remaining enclosures comprise a copy of a letter from the Secretary to the Government of India to the Acting Secretary, Bombay, acknowledging receipt of the latter’s correspondence with Captain Atkins Hamerton, British Agent at Muscat, regarding the trade in enslaved persons said to be carried on between Bombay [Mumbai] and Zanzibar by vessels belonging to the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat, approving of the instructions Hamerton has issued, and expressing satisfaction that the trade is minimal due to current obstacles in place, and likely to cease entirely without the need for establishing further measures of prohibition. Also included is the Government of Bombay’s notification to Hamerton of the Government of India’s views.Physical description: 1 item (7 folios)
29. Affairs in India and Elsewhere
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay's Secret Department to the East India Company's Secret Committee, Number 8 of 1841, dated 31 January 1841. The enclosures are dated 2 November 1840 to 1 February 1841.The enclosures consist of copies of correspondence sent and received by the Government of Bombay, and copies of other papers such as minutes, memoranda and resolutions.The main correspondents are as follows: the Government of Bombay's Military Board; the Secretary to the Government of India; the Political Agent in Lower Scinde; and the Quarter Master General of the Bombay Army. Other correspondents include the Envoy and Minister at Cabool [Kabul], and the Political Agent in Upper Scinde.Many of the enclosures relate to military affairs in Scinde [Sindh, also spelled Sinde in the volume] and elsewhere in India.It also includes enclosures relating to the following:Rules established by the Rao of Cutch, stating that among those vessels trading between Sinde and Bombay, those which were driven into Mandavie [Mandvi] by adverse weather conditions were exempt from the payment of the duties previously exacted at that Port (enclosures relating to this include a Supplementto the Bombay Government Gazette, which contains a notification on this subject by the Government of Bombay's Political Department, which is printed in English, Persian, Gujarati, and Marathi)Ordnance and ammunition ordered for the Envoy and Minister at Cabool [Kabul]A carriage intended as a present from Queen Victoria to the Imaum [Imam] of MuscatAga Khan, Governor of Kerman, requesting the Government of Bombay to aid his agent in the collection of contributions from members of his tribe living in Bombay.In addition, this part includes:Three newsletters from the Secretary to the Government of India, containing précis of the latest intelligence received by the Governor General of India, from places including: Peshawur [Peshawar], Upper and Lower Scinde [Sindh], Afghanistan, Khiva, Burma, Nepal, China, Persia [Iran], and Bagdad [Baghdad]A sketch map of the route from Deesa to Lheree via Nuggur, Purkur, Wanga Bazaur, Roree and Shickarpoor [Shikarpur] by Lieutenant J Jacob of the Bombay Artillery (folio 468).Physical description: There is an abstract of contents of the despatch, numbered 1-89, on folios 383-402. These numbers are repeated for reference on the verso of the last folio of each enclosure. Enclosures no. 80-82 listed in the abstract of contents are not included in the volume.
30. Letter from Harford Jones to Lord Wellesley
- Description:
- Abstract: A copy of a letter from Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], to Marquess Wellesley, Governor-General of Bengal, sent from Bagdad and dated 7 October 1801.The letter reports that an envoy from the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat [Ṣulṭān bin Aḥmad Āl Bū Sa’īd] to the Pashaw [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] has arrived in Bagdad with a letter asserting the Imaum’s independence from Britain. It also reports that a guard was reprimanded and dismissed for keeping a city gate open late for Jones. Jones stresses the need for ‘satisfaction’ from the Pashaw following their recent dispute in order to discourage ‘disrespect and insults’ towards the British Government from the states of the Gulph [Gulf]. The letter also reports rumours that the Imaum is planning to take over the island of Carrack [Kharg].Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
31. Letter from Eusoof Ibn Sahar to Coja Abdullah Ibn Eusoof
- Description:
- Abstract: A translation of a letter from Eusof Ibn Sahar [Yūsuf bin Saḥar] to Coja Abdullah Ibn Yusuf [Khwāja ‘Abdullāh bin Yūsuf], dated 14 Rebee ul thane [Rabī’ al-Thānī] (24 August 1801).The letter concerns conflict between Bahrein [Bahrain] and the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat [Sulṭān bin Aḥmad Āl Bū Sa’īd].The letter was translated and copied by Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad].Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
32. Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 90 of 1840, dated 30 October 1840. The enclosures are numbered 3-30 and are dated 21 July to 16 October 1840.The enclosures relate to Persian Gulf affairs, and cover matters including:The Acting Assistant Resident in Charge, Persian Gulf, Thomas Mackenzie (also spelled Mackensie in this item), stating that he is not aware of any reason to believe the Imaum [Imām] of Muscat intends to attempt to possess Bahrein [Bahrain, also spelled Bahrien in this item], and the view of the Government of Bombay that Mackenzie’s impression is erroneousThe opinion of Mackenzie on which season of the year the climate on the islands of Bahrein, Kishm [Qeshm] and Karrak [Kharg, also spelled Karrack in this item] is most unhealthy for the constitutions of EuropeansThe intention of the Shaikh of Bahrein, Mahommed ben Khulifa [Shaikh Muḥammad bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah, also spelled Mahomed ben Khalifa in this item], to undertake an expedition against Kateef [Qatif] and Lahsa [al-Hasa] in order to establish his authority over that district and free it from the control of Koorchid Pacha [Khūrshīd Pāshā, also spelled Khoorschid Pacha in this item]. Mahommed ben Khulifa’s request for assistance from the British Government with this undertaking, and for the protection of his property at Bahrein during his absence against any potential attempts by his uncle to dispossess him of itThe view of the Government of Bombay as to whether it would be desirable to make any augmentation to the garrison at KarrackIntelligence received from the News Writer at Shiraz, including the Shah having sent his army in detachments to Caswin [Qazvin] and then returned to Tehran, the severe sickness which has occurred at Karrack in August, and the death of Captain Strong of the Bombay European RegimentIntelligence received from the Government Agent, Bahrien, on the state of affairs at BahrienThe Government Agent at Bahrien reporting that Mahomed Effendi [Muḥammad Effendī], the Deputy of Koorshid Pacha at Katif, has left Katif with his followers and gone to Lahsa, on his way to join Koorschid Pacha, in the vicinity of Medina (also spelled Medinah in this item), and that Ameer Khalid [Amīr Khālid bin Sa‘ūd Āl Sa‘ūd] has been proclaimed Governor of Central Arabia [Najd]A despatch from Mackenzie to HM Political Agent and Consul General, Egypt, reporting on the state of affairs in ArabiaCaptain Atkins Hamerton, on a mission to Muskat (also spelled Muscat in this item), reporting the renewal of ‘friendship’ between the Chief of Sohar, Saud Hamood byn Azan [Ḥamūd bin Azan Āl Bū Sa‘īd], and the Imaum of MuscatThe concurrence of the Governor-General of India in Council in the opinion of the Government of Bombay that it would not be expedient to hold out to the Imaum of Muscat the prospect of support from the British Government in an attack upon BahreinThe view of the Governor-General that Captain Atkins Hamerton should remain at Muscat during the ‘healthy season’ after the departure of the Imaum of Muscat for the African CoastDespatches from the Secretary to the British Legation in Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel Justin Sheil, to HM Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, reporting on the state of affairs in Persia [Iran] and the movements of the ShahReports prevalent in Persia of the intention of the Shah to attack Bagdad [Baghad].The main correspondents are as follows: the Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay, Lestock Robert Reid; Mackenzie; Hamerton; the Native Agent at Muscat; and Sheil.The item also includes enclosed correspondence from: the Shaikh of Bahrien; the News Writer at Shiraz; the Chief of Debay, Shaikh Mukhtoom [Shaikh Maktūm I bin Buṭṭī Āl Bū Falāsah]; the Government Agent, Bahrein; Commodore George Barnes Brucks, Indian Navy, Commanding the Persian Gulf Naval Squadron; and HM Consul at Tabreez [Tabriz], Edward Walter Bonham.Physical description: 1 item (110 folios)
33. Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay's Secret Department to the East India Company's Secret Committee, Number 7 of 1841, dated 31 January 1841. The enclosures are dated 26 May 1840 to 30 January 1841, and relate to the Persian Gulf.The enclosures consist of copies of correspondence sent and received by the Government of Bombay, as well as copies of memoranda, minutes and resolutions of the Government of Bombay.The main correspondents are as follows: the Political Secretary to the Government of Bombay; the Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Secretary to the Government of India; the British Agent at Muscat; and the Superintendent of the Indian Navy.The enclosures discuss matters including:The concerns expressed by the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat that the French nation intended to take over the Imam’s possessions in the neighbourhood of ZanzibarThe response of the Governor General of India in Council to the request made by Colonel Taylor, Political Agent in Turkish Arabia, Baghdad, for a vessel of war to transport the Lieutenant of the Pasha of Baghdad to Bombay for the purpose of arranging his plans for the recovery of the Porte’s [Ottoman Empire’s] influence in ArabiaThe question of the relative positions of authority of the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf and the Commodore or officer commanding the Indian Naval Squadron stationed in the Persian Gulf, in relation to the SquadronThe disputes between the Chiefs of Debaye [Dubai, also spelled Debay and Debye in the item] and Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi, also spelled Aboothabie in the item]The policy which should be pursued in the event of Ameer Khaled (also spelled Ameer Khalid) attempting to extend his authority over the province of OmanThe Resident in the Persian Gulf giving a pledge to the Imaum of Muscat to aid him in resisting the invasion of Oman or any of his other territoriesThe visit of the Chief of Sohar [Ṣuḥār] to Bombay.This part of the volume also includes other enclosures relating to places including Shargah [Sharjah], Persia [Iran], and Bahrein [Bahrain].Physical description: There is an abstract of contents of the despatch, numbered 1-68, on folios 163-176. These numbers are repeated for reference on the verso of the last folio of each enclosure.
34. An Abstract of Contents of a Despatch Relating to Muscat Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume lists copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 57 of 1840, dated 24 August 1840. The enclosures are numbered 3-10 and are dated 22 July-24 August 1840.A note in red ink, dated 22 October 1906, states that the enclosures detailed in the abstract of contents are missing.According to the abstract of contents, the enclosures contained correspondence relating to the ratification of the Commercial Treaty dated 31 May 1839 between the British Government and the Imam of Muscat.Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
35. File 2698/1913 'Muscat: rebellion against the Sultan'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains letters and documents relating to British intervention in Oman before, during, and in the aftermath of an uprising against the Sultan led by the Imam, Salim ibn Rashid al Kharusi, in 1913. Most of the papers are exchanges between the British Political Agent in Muscat, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, other British naval and military officials, and a large variety of Omani notables and leaders, including translations of letters from the Sultan, Taimur bin Faisal.Most of the file's papers are related British military and diplomatic interventions in Oman meant to protect the Sultan from defeat by the Imam. Approximately, the first quarter of the file dates from the years 1895-1896, while the subsequent three quarters date entirely from 1913.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 211; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
36. Diary and Consultations of Mr William Cockell, Agent of the East India Company at Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] in the Persian Gulf, commencing August 1733 and ending July 1734
- Description:
- Abstract: The item is in the form of a diary (ff 216-248), which contains records of consultations at the Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] Factory. The Chief Agent, William Cockell, and the Factory Council members, including Edward Clift, Walter Ray and James Smith, headed the consultations. They recorded the daily activities, the administrative decisions made, letters received and sent, as well as visits to and from the Factory.Among the main details and issues recorded in the diary are the following:Thomas Caun [Tahmasb Quli Khan Afshar, future Nadir Shah of Persia] threatening to close the Company's houseThe arrival of the wool caphila [caravans] from Carmenia [Kerman]The Factory communicating with Thomas Caun regarding the renewal of its grants and privilegesReports of the Ballooches [Baluch] attacking the wool caphila, and the Dutch HouseEnsuring the safety of the trade routes between Carmenia and GombroonReports of Mahmud Caun Baluch [Muhammad Khan Baluch, Governor of Kuhgiluyah] defeating the Governor of Shyrash [Shiraz, also written as Schyras] and taking him prisonerThe East India Company's Governor-in-Council sending the new monthly allowance for the three factories in Persia with the amount of 16,000 shahees [Shahi-Persian currency] assigned to the Factory at Gombroon, 5000 shahees to the Factory at Spahaun [Isfahan, also written as Spahune], and 2000 to the Factory at CarmeniaReports of the war between Thomas Caun and the Turkish [Ottoman] forces at Bagdatt [Baghdad]Reports of the rebellion of the Soonies [Sunni Muslims], Shaikh Ahmud [Shaikh Ahmad Madani, also written in the diary as Ahmatt and Ahmett], and the Shaikh of Jubarrah [the Jubarah Arabs]News of Osman Bashaw [Topal Osman Pasha] of Baghdatt having been killedThe advance of Thomas Caun and his vackeel [wakil] Thomas Begg [Tahmasb Quli Khan Jalayir, Wakil al-Dawla] against the Ballooches, the Soonies and Aphgoons [Afghans]Chief Agent William Cockell falling seriously ill and his temporary retirement from his positionThe arrival of certain commodities such as rice, sugar, sugar candy, ginger etcThomas Caun sending Shaikh Rushett [Rashid?] to GombroonNews of clashes taking place at Muscatt [Muscat] between the Imaum's [Imam's] supporters and those who support the King [the Sultan of Muscat]The Factory's receipt of the King's rogoms [raqams or ruqums, also written in the diary as rogomms: royal grants confirming specific trading privileges].The diary includes records of letters exchanged mainly between the factories at Gombroon and Spahaun, and the Council at Bombay. It also includes records of letters received from Martin French based at the Residency at Bossarah [Basra], letters from Consul Cox at Alleppo [Aleppo], as well as letters to and from Persian notables and merchants.The diary includes records of the arrival and departure of ships, including the Britannia, the Franky[ Frankie], the Carolina, the Robert Galley, the Alphila, the Hannah, the Prince of Wales Galley, the Fame, and a French brigg [brig] called the Three Sisters. From Gombroon the ships sailed mainly to Bombay, Bossarah, and Muscatt.The diary includes abstracts of the standard account disbursements for each month. These cover the following: house expenses, garrison charges, the Afseen garden, hospital charges, medicines, marine charges, merchandised charges, house furniture, extraordinary charges, stable charges and servants' wages.Physical description: The diary includes a cover page. The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the diary.
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