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13. 'The History of Seistan and Lash-Jowain'
- Description:
- Abstract: This document was compiled and signed by H Le Poer Wynne (Foreign Department) and covers the history of Seistan and Lash-Jowain [Lāsh-e Juwayn], including the dispute over sovereignty which led to the Anglo-Persian War (1856-7).The document is divided into the following sections:1. The history of the Province up to the Persian War of 1856-7.2. Events and correspondence regarding the Province from the period immediately preceding the Persian War of 1856-7 down to 1861.3. The alarm which Dost Mahomed's [Dost Mohammad Khan] advance on Furrah [Farāh]and Herat [Herāt]caused the Persian Government, and the correspondence which followed, 1861-1864.4. The views expressed by the Home Government during this period.5. The quiet occupation of the Province by Persia from 1864 to the end of 1867.6. Her further advance and raids into the territory of Sheikhnassoor, Furrah, and Candahar[Kandahār], from end of 1868 to present date.7. The despatches of the British Minister at Tehran regarding (1) Persia's apprehensions of Shere Ali's designs on Seistan; (2) the late raids into Afghan territory.8. Correspondence regarding the proposal to submit the matter to British arbitration.Much of the document is compiled using extracts from correspondence submitted between officials in Britain, Persia and Afghanistan.Physical description: 38 folios
14. ‘Secret Letters received, by way of Marseilles Sept 18 1855’
- Description:
- Abstract: This bundle consists of summaries, and partial transcripts, of secret letters received from both the Governor General of India (6 and 8 August 1855, Numbers 6-7), the President in Council (8 August 1855, Numbers 44-45), and the Government of Bombay (13 August 1855, Number 55). The amount of detail for each entry therefore varies.The two letters from the Governor General (folios 55-60r) are directed at the Secret Committee of the Board of Control and urge that a joint Abadli, Oulaki, and British attack should be made against the Foutheli.The two letters from the President in Council (folios 60v-66r) provide an update on the Nepalese-Thibetan [Tibetan] War, and outline arrangements for the Government of India's diplomatic mission to the Court of Ava – appointment of personnel, arrangements for gifts, and instructions for the envoy.The section from Bombay (folio 66v) contains a single summary of an update on Turkish Arabia.Physical description: 1 item (12 folios)
15. ‘Secret Letters received, by way of Marseilles, August 2 1855’
- Description:
- Abstract: This bundle consists of summaries, and partial transcripts, of secret letters received from both the Governor General of India (14 June 1855, Number 4), the President in Council (16 June 1855, Numbers 36-37) and the Government of Bombay (26 June 1855, Numbers 46-47). The amount of detail for each entry therefore varies.The letter from the Governor General (folio 17) relates to whether the Government of India has the right to confiscate the property of the Ex Nala Thanee Jhunda Kour [Maharani Jind Kaur], and the referral of this question back to England.The section from the President in Council (folios 16v-19r) reports on the progress of the Nepalese army in its invasion of Thibet [Tibet].The dispatches from Bombay – folios 19-24 – focus on Aden; in particular, the question of the line to be taken with the officers of the Assayeas a result of a complaint made by William Marcus Coghlan (Political Resident at Aden), and whether the offer of an alliance against the Foutheli made by Sultan Manafair of the Oulaki should be accepted.Physical description: 1 item (8 folios)
16. ‘Secret Letters received, by way of Marseilles, August 30 1855’
- Description:
- Abstract: This bundle consists of summaries, and partial transcripts, of secret letters received from both the President in Council (17 July 1855, Numbers 40-43) and the Government of Bombay (26 and 28 July 1855, Numbers 53-54). The amount of detail for each entry therefore varies.The letters from the President in Council (folios 45-50) cover military clashes in the Punjab, Nepalese supply issues slowing their advance into Thibet [Tibet], a mission by the Great Lama [Dalai Lama] to Thibet, and a report of the murder of Captain Madigan (HM 84Regiment) and the subsequent trial and sentencing of six accused individuals.The section from Bombay (folios 51-53) focuses on proposed coercive measures to be taken against the Foutheli including proposed attack on Shugre and Bir Ahmed, and an offer made to the Government of Persia by the Vizier to the Governor of Meshed to march against Khiva.Physical description: 1 item (10 folios)
17. ‘Affairs of the Persian Gulf. Vol: 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Governments of Bombay to the Court of Directors of the East India Company. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of fifty-one items on the Persian Gulf.The item concerns:News of cruises made by British ships in the GulfReports of interviews between Captain Samuel Hennell, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and the shaikhs of the GulfIntelligence from the British Agent at MuscatAn unsuccessful attempt by the Governor of Shargah [Sharjah] to capture Ejman [Ajman]Papers carried by British vessels and those departing from ports belonging to the Imam of MuscatThe projected arrival of a French consul at ZanzibarMercantile affairsDefeat of bin Mootluk [Sa‘d bin Muṭlaq] against Sohar [Suhar]‘Piratical’ proceedings off Bahrein [Bahrain]Capture of Brymee [Al Buraymi] by the Chiefs of Sohar and Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], and the subsequent intention to regain Brymee by a confederation of Omani tribes and the Chief of Rasul Khyma [Ra’s al-Khaymah]Agreements between Gulf states and Ameer Fysul [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd]Relations between the new and old chiefs of BahreinDiscontent with Muscat at Soor [Sur]Cholera at Lingah [Bandar-e Lengeh]Death of Shaik Abdool Azeez bin Rashid [Shaikh ‘Abd al-‘Aziz bin Rāshid al-Na‘īmī, Shaikh of Ajman].The item contains a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Collection No 17’ and ‘Draft no 465 of 49’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 312, and terminates at f 324, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
18. ‘Affairs of the Persian Gulf. Vol: 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Government of Bombay to the Court of Directors of the East India Company. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of fifteen items on the Persian Gulf.The item concerns letters about the following events:Customs difficulties of a merchant under British protection in Bushire [Bushehr]Despatch of East India Company ships to convey officials connected with the commission for settling the boundary between Turkey [the Ottoman Empire] and Persia [Iran]The visit of Commodore John Porter, Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf, to the Arabian CoastThe recent appearance of Suheil bin Ateish [Suhayl bin ‘Uṭaysh] near Bahrein [Bahrain], after he had allegedly captured a vessel from Bahrein with valuable cargoThe intention of Ameer Fysul [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd] to rebuild the town and fort of Adeed [Khawr al ‘Udayd]A dispute over the property of a deceased merchant and banker of MuscatAggression between Debaye [Dubai] and Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi]Rumours of a planned attack by Muscat on Rasel Khyma [Ra’s al-Khaymah] and Debaye, and a planned expedition by Ameer Fysul against OmanThe recovery of Sohar [Suhar] by Syud Humood bin Azan [Sayyid Hamūd bin ‘Azzan al-Bu Sa‘idi] from his sonMoney taken from ‘piratical’ vessels which had plundered ships sailing under British colours being credited to the public treasury in IndiaA complaint to Hennell by Alla Rukhee, a woman from Lucknow, concerning her being defrauded at Kerballa [Karbala].The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft no 745 of 1850’, and ‘Collection No 5 in 15 volumes’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 4, and terminates at f 10 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
19. ‘Affairs of Aden’
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosures no. 2-10 to a despatch from the Secret Department, Bombay [Mumbai] Castle, dated 2 March 1848. The enclosures are dated 18 January-1 March 1848. The enclosures consist of copies of correspondence relating to affairs in Aden and reports received there of events elsewhere, including:Reported hostilities between the Imam of Sana [Sana’a] and Hussain ibn Ali Hyder, Sheriffe [Sharif] of Mocha, and a request from the Imam for a British ship to be sent to protect Hodeida [Al Hudaydah]A report of the death of Sallah Selassie, King of Shoa [Sahle Selassie, Negus of Shewa], and bloodshed in Shoa over the successionA reported dispute between the Egyptian Governor of Mussowah [Massawa] and the French ConsulA visit to Berbera by the Assistant Political Agent at Aden, with the hopes of improving relations with and between the Aial Ahmed and Aial Unus [Reer Ahmed Nur and Reer Yunis Nur, sub-clans of the Habr Awwal]The arrival in Aden of Henry Hardinge, Viscount Hardinge, on his return trip to the UK after having served as Governor-General of India.The primary correspondent is the Political Agent, Aden.Physical description: 1 item (16 folios)
20. ‘WAR DIARY. ARMY HEADQUARTERS, INDIA. […] I.E.F. “D”. Volume 19. PART II. (From 16th to 29th February 1916).’
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains a chronological list of brief summaries of papers relating to the activities of the Indian Expeditionary Force D (also known as the Mesopotamia Expeditionary Force) between 16 and 31 January 1916. This is accompanied by appendices containing copies and extracts of these papers, which include: letters, telegrams, notes, tables, and memoranda.A summary of the contents of this volume can be found at the start of IOR/L/MIL/17/5/3246. The volume concerns:Appreciations [reports] and intelligence summaries from the Directorate of Military OperationsThe reported probable distribution of the Turkish [Ottoman] ArmyGeneral Fenton Aylmer’s bombardment of the enemyDispositions for future operationsTroop movementsA system for correspondence for prisoners of war from Force D in Turkish handsMessages from King George V to be relayed to the troopsConcerns over Muslim troops’ unwillingness to fight in Irak [Iraq], particularly those in the 15th LancersMilitary supplies and specifications for weaponsA fatwa by the Imam of the Jumma [Juma] Masjid, Delhi, on the lawfulness of Muslims eating horsemeatProvision of river craftA description of the use of gas and bombardment in trench warfare, drawn from experiences in FranceProposed future organisation of Force D.The following tables appear:The distribution of the troops in Force D on folios 66-69 and 161-171The strength of Force D on 1 December 1915 on folios 80-83 and 110-112Distribution of the Russian force in Persia [Iran] on folio 152.Physical description: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 184; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 3-182; these numbers are printed and are located in the bottom centre of the recto side of each folio.Dimensions: 21 x 33cm
21. 'HISTORICAL MEMORANDUM ON BAHREIN.'
- Description:
- Abstract: A memorandum by John Gilbert Laithwaite, India Office, describing the history of Bahrein [Bahrain] with a focus on the political status of the islands at various periods; the claims to sovereignty over them put forward by Persia at various dates since 1783; and the correspondence and discussions which have taken place in connection with such claims.The memorandum begins with a brief description of the geography of Bahrain and continues with a series of summaries of historical events between the years 1783 and 1934. The summaries provide accounts of, inter alia, British punitive expeditions in 1868 and 1869, details of Exclusive Agreements signed by the Government of Bahrain and the British Government in 1880 and 1892, and the Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913. A conclusion provides a summary of assertions of sovereignty over Bahrain, a review of the basis of Persian claims, and the attitude of the British Government between 1820 and 1934.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 25; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
22. ‘Muskat. Intelligence. Vol: 15’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2376/126162. The correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Heskeil bin Yusoof [Ḥizqīl bin Yūsuf], Acting British Agent at Muskat [Muscat]. It is the fifteenth in a series of fifteen items on the Persian Gulf.The item concerns the capture of Syud Hamood bin Azzan [Sayyid Hamūd bin ‘Azzan Āl Bū Sa‘īd], Chief of Sohar [Suhar] by Syud Thooenee [Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd], Governor of Muskat, and Syud Thooenee’s attempts to conquer Sohar.The item contains a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft no 745 of 1850’, and ‘Coll[ection] No 5’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 185, and terminates at f 188 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
23. 'File 79/44 I (S 80) War Emergency Legislation'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file deals with the issue of the supplementary judicial powers that would be required by the British administration in the Persian Gulf in the event of war, and includes the following papers:papers dated October 1937 - July 1938 concerning the question of war emergency legislation in the Persian Gulf, including a paper by Sir Trenchard Craven William Fowle, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf outlining the strategic importance of the region, the existing judicial position, and required legislation, October 1937; response to Fowle's paper from a representative of the Foreign Office, October 1937; and minutes of a meeting to discuss the question held at the India Office, November 1937;papers dated December 1937 - May 1939 concerning the draft Persian Gulf States (Emergency) Order in Council;papers dated March 1938 - April 1939 concerning draft King's Regulations;papers dated October 1938 - April 1939 relating to draft Defence Regulations, which were based on suggestions made by Fowle;papers dated October 1938 - January 1939 concerning the draft Trading with the Enemy Bill;papers dated November 1938 - May 1939 relating to the issue by Gulf Rulers of draft 'alans' (legislative announcements) in the event of war, particularly in terms of the implications of the Rulers' renouncement of neutrality, should they formally side with the British;papers dated April 1939 - May 1939 concerning proposals for a Trucial Coast Order in Council;draft circular letter entitled 'Draft Letter to be Issued to the Shaikhs of the Trucial Coast in the Event of War', requesting their co-operation on behalf of the British Government, written by the Political Agent, Bahrain [Hugh Weightman], with covering letter dated 13 May 1939.The covering dates for the correspondence (the main body of papers) in the file are 20 October 1937 - 30 May 1939. The final date in the overall date range is supplied by an entry in the notes at the rear of the file.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation system in use commences at 1 on the front cover, and continues through to 212 on the back cover. The sequence is written in pencil, enclosed in a circle, and appears in the top right hand corner of the recto page of each folio. Foliation anomalies: ff. 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F; ff. 114, 114A. The following number does not appear in the foliation sequence: 75. The following folios need to be folded out to be read: 23, 25, 26. A second incomplete foliation sequence is also present between ff. 27-200: these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and appear in the same position as the main sequence.
24. 'The Pan-Turkish Ideal'
- Description:
- Abstract: The map highlights the regions of the Pan-Turkish ideal across the world, and is colour-coded to divide it into:the area at present (1917) inhabited by Turco-Moslems [Turco-Muslims];the area included in the present Pan-Turkish ideal;the area of possible extension by inclusion of non-Muslim peoples of Turanian stock or language in the movement.The routes of Mongol invasions are overlaid on the map in red. It includes early invasions and the probable routes of Attila, Jenghiz [Genghis] Khan, Hulagu, Timur and Babar [Babur].It is found in the publication The Turkish and Pan-Turkish Ideal by Tekin Alp[Munis Tekinalp].Published by the Admiralty War Staff, Intelligence Division. Printed by Emery Walker Ltd.Physical description: Materials: Printed in colour on paperDimensions: 316 x 387mm, on sheet 379 x 583mm
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