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1. 'File No.14/180 II, Fight between Sheik of Ras-el-Khaimah and Shihuh tribe at the instigation of the Headman of Rams; general situation on Trucial Coast'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consist of two parts. The beginning of the file contains correspondence relating to a dispute between the Shaikh of Ras al Khaimah and Fujairah. The main correspondents are British officials in London, Bushire, Bahrain, Residency Agent Sharjah; Shaikh Sa'id bin Maktum of Dubai; Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Sulaiman, Shaikh of Bakha. The dispute concerns the Shaikh of Rams who was no longer able to afford the payment of R1000 to the Shaikh of Ras al Khaimah which was part of a treaty. The correspondence discusses the disputes of the Gulf and in a letter to the Political Resident Persian Gulf, Bushire, the Political Agent, Bahrain notes that if the Shaikh of Ras al Khaimah were killed he would probably be succeeded by his brother Muhammad bin Salim and an assessment is given of his capabilities.The second part of the file contains papers containing information on the general situation on the Trucial Coast from October 1924 to June 1937, which is about the 'intrigues which are a permanent feature in the Persian Gulf'. This includes a report on the rulers of the Trucial Coast and many accounts of disputes between al-Khawatir, 'Awamir bedouin and the people of Batnah [Batinah] over raiding of goats and camels, and fishing rights. One letter describes an incident involving the looting of a boat. The letter notes how the Shaikh of Bakha perceives the role of the British government in the incident in correspondence with Shaikh Sa'id bin Maktum, Ruler of Dubai.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation consists of small circled numbers located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio, the sequence runs from the front cover to the last folio.
2. 'B Series. POLITICAL 8/5 Jawasim-Shihuh situation (Dibba Affairs) (A Series 14/247)'
- Description:
- Abstract: This brief file relates to a dispute involving the Sultan of Muscat, the Shihuh, and the Regent of Kalba over the building of a fortified tower and issues of protection against raiding. The main correspondents are the Political Resident Persian Gulf; Political Agent, Muscat; (Tom C. Higginbotham; Captain John Baron Howes).The correspondence includes a translation by the Internal Affairs Department, Sultanate of Muscat and Oman, of an agreement to resolve the dispute.Physical description: There are two foliation sequences. The first sequence, which is intermittent, appears near the top right corner. The second sequence, which is complete and should be used for referencing, is written in the very top right corner of the recto of each folio. It begins after the front cover, on the first folio of writing, and runs through to f.44, which is the inside of the back cover of the file.
3. ‘File B/13 Papers about an Indian who was murdered by a Shihuhi cameleer’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence relating to the reporting and investigation of the murder of a Mohammedan and British Indian subject at Al Shagi in the territory of Ras al Khaimah, on 6 January 1936. The murder victim, who was never identified, had travelled to the Trucial Coast from Karachi via Muscat and Diba, on his way to Dubai. The alleged murderer was identified as his hired travelling companion, the camel driver Abdullah bin Salim bin Malkash of Diba and a member of the Shihuh [Shiḥūḥ] Tribe, in the jurisdiction of the Sultan of Muscat and Oman and under the governorship of the Wali of Khasab. The Shihuh Shaikh Muhammad bin Mahdi and his tribe, who were living at Bai’ah near Diba, successfully resisted attempts by the British and Muscat authorities to force them to surrender the alleged murderer who, although never prosecuted, was later reported to have died at Diba in April 1939, after being bitten by his camel. The main correspondents are: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, the Political Agent at Bahrain and the Residency Agent at Sharjah, whose reports are in Arabic as well as English. Included in the correspondence are three letters in Arabic written respectively by Shaikh Sultan bin Salim the Ruler of Ras al Khaimah [Al Qasimi, Shaikh Sultan bin Salim], Rashid al Abdullah the Chief of Rab Rab village in Ras al Khaimah territory, and Muhammad bin Salman, an inhabitant of the Trucial Coast.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 88; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-87; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
4. ‘File No XXVIII/12 Khasab Visit of H.M.S. “Ormonde and Bombardment from 20-12-29 to 28-5-30.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence in the form of telegrams and reports between the Political Agency, Muscat, the Political Residency in the Persian Gulf, Bushire, and the naval officers on board HMS Ormondeand HMS Lupin. The correspondence is concerned with the ship HMS Ormondeleaving Aden to carry out surveys in the Gulf and the question of whether a survey would be permitted to take place in Oman or not. While the Council of Ministers to the Sultan of Muscat and Oman granted permission for a survey to take place, further permissions were required from the shaikhs of Khassab, Bukha, Diba and Kumzar, which are parts of the region of Musandam in Oman. Some tribes from the region, the Shihuh in particular, opposed the landing of the navy ship in their territories. The Political Resident warned that the landing of any British personnel in Shihuh region would be attended by grave risk in the future.To subdue the shaikhs of Khassab, the Political Resident recommended to the Government of India that the Naval Ship HMS Lupin, should be authorised to carry out a bombardment of parts of Khassab and, in the event of the shaikhs’ withdrawal to the mountains, this should be followed by a blockade of the Khassab area. British officials were also concerned with the necessity of reaching agreements with the Trucial Shaikhs and with those of the region of Musandam. The file also includes correspondence with the Council of Ministers at Muscat regarding the imprisonment of the Shaikh of Khassab, Hasan bin Muhammad.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 161; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-160; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
5. 'File 8/38 Muscat State Affairs Qwasimi Shaikh of Dhibba and his Relations with the State'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file, like the preceding file in this sequence [IOR/R/15/6/219] concerns an ongoing dispute between the Jawasim [Āl Qawāsim] and the Shihuh, two tribes residing at Diba [Dibba, transliterated in various ways throughout the file].The correspondence, which discusses reports of aggression on both sides, features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent and Consul, Muscat; the Political Agent, Bahrain; the Residency Agent, Sharjah; the Political Officer, Trucial Coast, Sharjah; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Sa‘īd]; the Regent of Kalba [Shaikh Khālid bin Aḥmad bin Sultān Āl Qasimī]; the Government of Muscat and Oman's Minister for External Affairs.Much of the correspondence revolves around the contentious issue of a recently constructed tower in the part of Diba inhabited by the Jawasim. Related matters of discussion include the following: the occupation by the Jawasim of villages in the Wadi Madha, which is defended by the Regent of Kalba as an act of protection rather than one of aggression; a reported settlement in late 1941 between the Regent of Kalba and the Sultan of Muscat and Oman; the demolition of the tower at Diba, and the Regent of Kalba's claim for compensation; reports that, contrary to his agreement with the Sultan, the Regent of Kalba has rebuilt the tower.The Arabic language material mainly consists of correspondence between the Political Agent and Consul at Muscat and representatives of the Sultan of Muscat and Oman.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 175; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
6. 'File 8/38 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: QWASIMI SHAIKH OF DHIBBA'S RELATIONS WITH THE STATE'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file, continuing on from the previous file in the sequence [IOR/R/15/6/220], concerns an ongoing dispute between the Qawasim [Āl Qawāsim] and the Shihuh, two tribes residing at Diba [Dibba, transliterated in various ways throughout the file].The correspondence, which discusses reports of aggression on both sides, features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent and Consul, Muscat; the Political Agent, Bahrain; the Political Officer, Trucial Coast, Sharjah; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Sa‘īd]; the Government of Muscat and Oman's Minister for Foreign Affairs. Also discussed is whether the Sultan of Muscat and Oman should appoint an official for the Shihuh population at Diba.The Arabic language material consists of correspondence between the Political Agent and Consul at Muscat and the Sultan of Muscat and Oman.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 28; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
7. 'File 8/63 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: SHIHUH TRIBE.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns the Shihuh tribe of Oman. It mostly consists of notes on the tribe produced by Bertram Sidney Thomas, Wazir to the Sultan of Muscat and Oman, which are enclosed in a letter addressed to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.The notes include the following: a preliminary note on Shihuh politics, a list of villages and their chief personalities (with an illustrative sketch map), a diary of a trip taken by Thomas from Muscat to Khasab (4 January-10 March 1930), translations of letters from Shihuh shaikhs, and a summary of the present situation. Preceding Thomas's letter and notes are a series of excerpts on the tribe from former British officials and other sources.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 28, these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-27; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
8. '35/160 (A 72) Murder of Indian by Shihuh'
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence discusses the case of a British Indian traveller murdered by the Shihuh [al-Shiḥūḥ] as he was making his way from Karachi to Dubai via Muscat and Dibah [possibly Dibba, at the northern tip of the Arabian Peninsula]. Issues discussed include:The itinerary of the British Indian who was murderedDetails of the investigation into the matter and attempts to arrest the suspected manMaintenance of British prestige and punitive actions against the Shihuh including seizure of their dhowsCorrespondence with Sultan Said bin Taimur [Sulṭān Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd, Sulṭān of Muscat] over the matter.Correspondents include the Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf; Major Ralph Ponsonby Watts, Political Agent Muscat; Said bin Taimur; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; officials of the India Office, London.Physical description: Foliation: The main foliation sequence commences at the title page and terminates at the 4th sheet from the back of the volume; these numbers are written in pencil and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Circled index numbers written in red crayon are also present throughout the volume. Foliation anomalies: 1A, 1B and 1C.