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25. Aden Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai] Secret Department to the Secret Committee [Bombay Secret Letter], No. 1 dated 1 January 1857. The enclosures are dated 9 November-29 December 1856.The papers relate to the conclusion of a treaty with the Habr Awul tribe [Habr Awwal, also spelled Habr Awel and Habr al Awul in this item] and the removal of the British blockade of Berbera. The blockade had been implemented following an attack by members of the Habr Awul tribe, in April 1855 at the port of Berbera, on Lieutenant Richard Burton’s Somaliland Expedition, during which Lieutenant William Stroyan was murdered and the party’s property ‘plundered’.The papers notably include:A copy of the report to Brigadier William Marcus Coghlan, Political Resident, Aden, by Lieutenant Robert Lambert Playfair, Assistant Political Resident, Aden, describing his journey to Berbera on the HC [Honourable Company] Schooner Mahi,and negotiation of a treaty of peace with the Habr Awal Elders (ff 7-12)A copy of the ‘Articles of Peace and Friendship concluded between the Habr Awaal tribe of Somalies on the one part and Brigadier William Marcus Coghlan Political Resident at Aden in behalf of the Hon’ble East India Company, on the other’, signed on 7 November 1856 and listing the names of ten members of the tribe who put their marks to the treaty (f 13). This is followed by a copy of the treaty in Arabic (f 14)The Bombay Government Minutes, Resolutions and summary of the events leading up to and resulting from the attack. These documents notably mention: the large sum of compensation originally demanded by Coghlan for Burton’s party (15,000 rupees); the apprehension of an individual allegedly associated with the attack and his imprisonment on board the Mahi;particular approval of the Bombay Government of the treaty article requiring the Habr Awul to make all efforts to suppress the ‘slave trade’ in their country; and the alleged degree of Burton’s culpability for the attack.Physical description: 1 item (29 folios)
26. Aden Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 137 of 1846, dated 16 November 1846. The enclosures are dated 7 October-16 November 1846.The papers relate to the affairs of Aden, notably the following:The obstruction of kafilahs [caravans carrying supplies] and communications into Aden from the interior, by the followers of Sayud Ismail [Sayyid Ismā‘īl] and members of the Foutheli tribe [Faḍlī, also spelled Foutheli and Fouthelee in this item] located in the near Sheik Othman [Shaykh Uthman], and the claim by Captain Stafford Bettesworth Haines, Political Agent at Aden, that the Foutheli are secretly in the pay of Sultan M’Houssain of Lahedge [Sulṭān Muḥsin bin Faḍl al-‘Abdalī, Sulṭān of Lahej] (f 191)The apparent success of the British blockade of Shugra [Shaqrah] by the HC [Honourable Company’s] schooner Constanceand Haines’s belief that once the Abdali [‘Abdalī], Foutheli, and other ‘hostile’ tribes discern that the British at Aden can obtain most supplies from the coast of Africa and from India they will sue for peaceHaines’s request for a small vessel from India to assist with the blockade ‘to the westward’ which he has imposed to detrimentally affect the exports of Lahedge and injure the Sultan’s interestsThe proposal of Haines for the destruction the castle lately erected by the Foutheli Chief within four miles from the beach of Shugra, as a punishment for the latter’s ‘aggressive’ actions against the British at Aden (ff 197-198), and the Government of Bombay’s view that this measure is not at present advisable as it would increase ill-feeling towards the BritishHaines report that he has taken measures to ensure the sufficient supply of provisions for three months, and his suggestion that all purchases of grain, grass and wood, etc., are made by the Commissariat Department in Aden alone, rather than it competing with the Engineer Department in the Aden marketThe despatch by the Superintendent of the Indian Navy of the HC brigantine Tigristo Aden for addition to the Indian Naval Squadron there (f 211).The principal correspondents are Haines and the Government of Bombay.Physical description: 1 item (32 folios)
27. Aden Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 130 of 1846, dated 2 November 1846. The enclosures, numbered 3-17 and dated 7 October to 2 November 1846, relate to affairs at Aden and within its vicinity.The enclosures consist of correspondence, and minutes of the Government of Bombay, covering matters including:The Political Agent at Aden, Captain Stafford Bettesworth Haines, reporting that the blockade of Shugra [Shuqra] and the bay around Gibul Hassan [Jabal Hassan?] has been ‘manifestly successful’, dissuading those ‘Chieftains’ who intended to unite their tribes at Sheik Othman [Ash Shaikh Outhman] from doing so, and leading Sultan Hamed Foutheli [Sulṭān Aḥmad bin ‘Abdullāh al-Faḍlī] to retire to Shugra to protect his territory, leaving the roads open for kafilas [caravans] to reach AdenHaines pointing out the advantages of a small vessel with a long gun being sent to Aden for serviceThe Imam of Sana [Sanaa] reportedly intending to march to Lahidge [Lahij or Lahej] to subjugate it and the surrounding area; Haines’s belief that the Imam may wish to confer with him about the ‘agitated’ state of the tribes inland; his view that the Imam may easily regain Taaes [Taʿizz] and Ebb [Ibb]; and that if this is the Imam’s intention then the coffee producing area will be open to the Aden market, and Haines requesting the opinion of Government on this possibilityThe French Consul at Mussowah [Massawa] having written to Haines regarding a ‘Banian’ merchant named ‘Woobee’ being (in the Consul’s opinion unjustly) imprisoned and ‘ill-treated’ by the Turkish [Ottoman] Governor for a debt of seventy years standing, and Haines writing to the Governor to request kindness to be shown towards a British subject and that no punishment may be inflicted until the justice of the claim has been enquired into in the presence of a commander of a vessel of war, which Haines will send to Mussowah as soon as practicableThe arrival of the Honourable Company’s schooner Constanceat Aden, Haines reporting having despatched the vessel to blockade the port of Shugra, and the arrangements made by him to supply the vessel with water and provisionsHaines requesting sanction from the Government of Bombay for having obtained supplies from Maccalla [Mukalla, also spelled Maculla in this item] for the Commissariat at Aden, costing 279 German CrownsHaines reporting on the supply of provisions for the garrison at Aden, and his expectation that there will not be any scarcityMeasures taken to relieve the wing of HM 94th Regiment at Aden.The majority of the correspondence is between the Secretary to the Government of Bombay, Arthur Malet, and the Political Agent at Aden. The enclosures also include: letters from Malet to the Secretary to the Governor-General of India, Frederick Currie; a letter from Malet to the Superintendent of the Indian Navy, Captain Sir Robert Oliver; enclosed letters from Haines to the Secretary to the Secret Committee, and to the officer commanding the Honourable Company’s schooner Queenand Senior Naval Officer at Aden, Lieutenant John Glen Johnstone, Indian Navy; and an extract from the proceedings of the Government of Bombay in the Military Department, consisting of a copy of a letter to Haines from the Secretary to Government in the Military Department, Peter Melvill Melvill.Physical description: 1 item (30 folios)
28. File 619/1907 Pt 4 'Arms Traffic: Persian Gulf - Blockade (correspondence 1909-1911).'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises correspondence regarding the decision by British authorities to establish a naval blockade along the Mekran coast in 1909, with the aim of suppressing arms trafficking in the Persian Gulf.The correspondence discusses the cost of a naval blockade, the availability of naval vessels, and the ongoing discussions on extending the blockade which was to be continued until March 1912.The principal correspondents in the volume include the Naval Commander-in-Chief of the East Indies Station (Edmond John Warre Slade); the Viceroy of India (Gilbert John Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, and Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst); the Secretary of State for India (John Morley, Viscount Morley of Blackburn); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Percy Zachariah Cox); the Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department (Spencer Harcourt Butler); and representatives of the India Office and the Admiralty.Also included in the volume is correspondence with the Political Agent and Consul at Maskat [Muscat] (Robert Erskine Holland) regarding arms and ammunition being imported into Muscat, and the work of Edward Gelson Gregson, who was placed on special duty for the suppression of the arms traffic in the Persian Gulf.This is part 4 of 10. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 378; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are also present in parallel between ff 168-174 and ff 324-327 respectively; these numbers are written in pencil, but are not circled. Pagination: a pagination sequence, written in pencil, is present between ff 324-327.
29. File 619/1907 Pt 5 'Arms Traffic:- Persian Gulf - Blockade (correspondence 1912-1920).'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume discusses the ongoing naval blockade in the Persian Gulf to suppress arms trafficking. The blockade continued through 1912 and 1913 before being ended in 1914.The volume also includes correspondence between representatives of the India Office, the Admiralty, and the Government of India regarding detailed statements of the cost of the blockade, and decisions regarding responsibility for paying for the additional vessels used throughout 1910 and 1911.The principal correspondents include the Commander-in-Chief of the East Indies Station (Edmond John Warre Slade, Alexander Edward Bethell, and Richard Henry Peirse); the Viceroy of India (Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst); the Secretary to the Government of India in the Marine Department (Malcolm Henry Stanley Grover); the Secretary of State for India (Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe); and the Accountant-General at the India Office (Walter Badock).This is part 5 of 10. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 301; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
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