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217. Coll 6/61 'The Yemen: Relations between H.M.G. and the Imam.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns Anglo-Yemeni relations. Consisting largely of copies of Colonial Office and Foreign Office correspondence, it documents negotiations leading up to the conclusion of the Treaty of Sana'a between Britain and Yemen (signed on 11 February 1934 and ratified on 4 September 1934), and continues to discuss Anglo-Yemeni relations thereafter.Much of the correspondence following the ratification of the treaty relates to the existing frontier between Yemen and the Aden Protectorate; it includes discussion of article three of the Anglo-Yemeni treaty, which refers to the future settlement of the frontier.Related matters that feature in the correspondence include:The appointment in May 1934 of Captain Basil William Seager as Frontier Officer in the Aden Protectorate, as recommended by the Political Resident, Aden (Bernard Rawdon Reilly).Discussion regarding the extent of Italian influence in Yemen.The Imam of Yemen's [Yaḥyā Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn's] claim to certain districts on the British side of the Yemen-Aden Protectorate frontier.Details of two meetings in London, held in September and October 1937 respectively, between the Imam of Yemen's son, Prince Hussein [al-Ḥusayn Yaḥyā bin Ḥamīd al-Dīn], and George Rendel of the Foreign Office, regarding Anglo-Yemeni relations, with particular reference to article three of the aforementioned treaty.The reported presence of Axis nationals (Italians and Germans) in Yemen in 1942.The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Resident, Aden (Bernard Rawdon Reilly); His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, and later, Hugh Stonehewer Bird); His Majesty's Ambassador in Cairo (Sir Miles Wedderburn Lampson); the British Minister of State, Cairo; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; officials of the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, and the India Office.In addition to correspondence the file includes the following:Copies of political intelligence summaries from Aden.Copies of the English text of the aforementioned treaty.A certificate of registration for the treaty (in French and English), dated 4 February 1935 and issued by the Secretary General of the League of Nations.Whilst the file contains material ranging in date from 1934 to 1942, the vast majority of the material dates from 1934 to 1935.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 252; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are also present in parallel between ff 160-187, and ff 202-208; these numbers are printed, and are not circled.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
218. Coll 6/65 'Relations between Saudi-Arabia and the Yemen.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns Saudi-Yemeni relations, beginning with the final weeks of hostilities between the two countries before going on to cover peace negotiations and the reoccupation of Hodeidah (also transliterated as Hodeida) by the Yemeni authorities, following the gradual withdrawal of Saudi troops.Related matters discussed in the correspondence include the following:The situation at Hodeidah, as reported by the Commanding Officer of HMS Penzance.Arrangements for the simultaneous withdrawal of foreign warships from Hodeidah.The progress of Saudi-Yemeni treaty negotiations, and the wording of the resulting Treaty of Taif, concluded between Saudi Arabia and Yemen on 20 May 1934, and ratified on 22 June 1934.Costs recovered from the Imam of Yemen [Yaḥyā Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn] by the British for the internment of Yemeni soldiers in Aden during the Saudi-Yemeni conflict.Details of other costs incurred by the British during the Saudi-Yemeni War, as calculated by the Political Resident at Aden [Bernard Rawdon Reilly], and discussion as to whether any part of these expenses should be borne by Government of India revenues.The reported presence of members of the Idrisi [al-Idrīsī] family in Mecca.In addition to correspondence the file includes the following:Extracts from Aden, Bahrain, and Kuwait political intelligence summaries.Copies of an English translation of the Treaty of Taif.A copy of an English translation of the Treaty between King Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the Idrisi [Sayyid Muḥammad bin ‘Alī al-Idrīsī], signed on 31 August 1920.Copies of extracts from reports from the Senior Officer of the Red Sea Sloops, as well as copies of reports from the commanding officers of HMS Penzanceand HMS Enterpriserespectively.The file features the following principal correspondents: His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, succeeded by Sir Reader William Bullard); His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires to Jedda (Albert Spencer Calvert); the Secretary of State for the Colonies (Philip Cunliffe-Lister); the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir John Simon); the Senior Officer of the Red Sea Sloops; the Commander of HMS Penzance; His Majesty's Ambassador in Rome (James Eric Drummond); the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Yemen; officials of the Colonial Office, the India Office, the Foreign Office, the Admiralty.Although the file includes material dating from 1934 to 1938, most of the material dates from 1934. The French material consists of three telegrams addressed to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs by Yemen's Minister for Foreign Affairs.The file includes two dividers which give a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. These are placed at the back of the correspondence (folios 2-3).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 458; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
219. Coll 6/70 'Saudi Arabia: Relations with Germany (Dr Grobba)'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns relations between the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia) and Germany. The material in the file dates from two periods: 1928-30 and 1939-41. Notable correspondents include the following: the British Agent at Jeddah (Herbert George Jakins); the High Commissioner, Egypt (George Ambrose Lloyd, Lord Lloyd); His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires to Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill); His Majesty's Ambassador in Cairo (Miles Wedderburn Lampson); His Majesty's Ambassador in Bagdad [Baghdad] (Sir Basil Cochrane Newton); His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, Sir Reader William Bullard, and later, Hugh Stonehewer Bird); the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Anthony Eden); officials of the Foreign Office.The correspondence includes discussion of the following:The conclusion of a treaty of friendship between Germany and the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd in April 1929.The appointment of a German Consul in the Hejaz in 1931.Anglo-Yemeni relations.Reports in 1940 that Mussolini has been approached by Hitler with a request that the Italian Government should ask Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] to allow German diplomatic representative Dr Fritz Konrad Ferdinand Grobba to take residence Jedda.Whether Ibn Saud should be urged by the British to refuse to receive Dr Grobba.Italy's request for Saudi diplomatic representation in Rome.Ibn Saud's requests for financial assistance from the British Government.The reported arrival of eight German officers (in civilian disguise) in Iran, in late 1940.Reports in 1940 of wireless communication between Riyadh and Germany.Reports in November 1941 of pro-German Arabs having attempted to persuade Ibn Saud to call for an Arab congress to be held in Mecca or Medina during the pilgrimage.In addition to correspondence the file includes a copy of an English translation of the aforementioned treaty.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 89; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
220. Coll 6/71 'The Yemen: Relations with Germany.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file primarily concerns relations between the Yemen and Germany. The correspondence begins with details of a request received by the German Government from the Imam of Yemen [Yaḥyā Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn] for recognition and formal relations.Also discussed is the progress of negotiations for a proposed treaty of friendship and commerce between the German Government and the Imam, as well as a case of mistaken identity, in which a junior Aden police officer is reported to have mistaken the German Minister Dr Prüfer [Curt Max Prüfer] for a German artist named Paul Beer.The file's principal correspondents are the following: His Majesty's Minister at Addis Ababa (Sidney Barton); the Political Resident, Aden (George Stewart Symes); officials of the Foreign Office and the Colonial Office.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 26; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
221. Coll 6/72 'Saudi Arabia: Relations with the Yemen. Delimitation of the Saudi-Yemeni Frontier.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file primarily concerns the delimitation of the Saudi-Yemeni frontier, following the conclusion of the Treaty of Taif in 1934. It includes discussion of the following: the geographical position of the Beni Malik [Bani Malik], Abadil [ʿAbādil] and Ahl Faifa [Ahl Fayfa] tribes; amendments to a pre-existing sketch map of the frontier; arrangements made by both parties of the treaty for the delimitation of the frontier.Correspondents include the following: His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires, Jedda (Albert Spencer Calvert); His Majesty's Minister, Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); officials of the Foreign Office and the British Legation at Jedda.In addition to correspondence, the file includes a copy of the aforementioned sketch map (enclosed in an envelope), and a copy of a translation of an extract from the Treaty of Taif.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 25; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-24; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
222. Coll 6/90 'Syria: Anglo-French relations in the Near East. French policy in Syria.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns Anglo-French relations in the near East, particularly relating to French policy in Syria.Much of the correspondence relates to British efforts to obtain information from the French Government regarding the latter's future policy in Syria. The correspondence includes discussion of the following:British concerns in 1939 regarding public support in Iraq for the Syrian Nationalist cause.Differences between the French Mandate in Syria and the British Mandate in Palestine.British misgivings regarding the French Government's decision not to proceed with the ratification of the treaty between France and Syria (the Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence), which was concluded in 1936 and amended in 1938.The reception given to King Faisal II of Iraq upon his visit to Damascus in July 1939.Reactions in the Iraqi press to the suspension of the Syrian Constitution in July 1939.The suspension of the Lebanese Constitution and the dissolution of its Parliament in September 1939, reported as a 'wartime measure'.An increase in the number of French forces in Syria in September 1939.The French Government's concerns in 1946 regarding the activities of the Arab League in North Africa.The file features the following principal correspondents: His Majesty's Ambassador in Paris (Eric Phipps, succeeded by Ronald Ian Campbell); His Majesty's Ambassador in Bagdad [Baghdad] (Basil Newton); the British Consul, Beirut (Godfrey Thomas Havard); officials of the Foreign Office.The date range of the file is 1939-47; however, with the exception of three items dating from 1946-47, all of the correspondence dates from 1939.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 84; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
223. Coll 6/77 'Yemen: Yemeni-Perso Relations.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns relations between the Yemen and Iran (also referred to as Persia in the correspondence). It consists of a single letter, dated 27 August 1936, from Nevile Butler at the British Legation in Tehran to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, reporting on the visit to Iran of Seyed Muhammed Zubara, Minister of the Court of the Yemen.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 5; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
224. Coll 6/86 'Saudi Arabia and Yemen: Relations with Japan.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns Saudi-Japanese relations. (Yemen is mentioned in the file's original title, but no reference to Yemen is made in the surviving correspondence.) It includes discussion of the following:Reports in 1938 of a Saudi Government representative having suggested to his Japanese counterpart that Japan establish a legation in Jedda.The visit of a Japanese minister to Riyadh in March 1939.Japanese interest in securing an oil concession in Saudi Arabia.British concerns regarding reported Chinese and Japanese propaganda in Saudi Arabia.Further reports in 1939 regarding the possibility of Japanese diplomatic representation being established in Saudi Arabia.Correspondents include His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Reader William Bullard); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Trenchard Craven William Fowle), and officials of the Foreign Office and the Government of India's External Affairs Department.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 27; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-26; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
225. Coll 28/68 ‘Persia. Anglo Persian relations. British Press Articles on Persia and the Shah.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence relating to articles published in the British newspaper press (and to a lesser extent, the British Indian press) about Persia [Iran] and the Shah of Persia, Reza Shah Pahlavi. The file includes cuttings of many of the newspaper articles referred to in the correspondence, most being published in The Times. The correspondence concerns the diplomatic implications (both feared and realised) arising from press articles that are critical of Persia, its government, or the Shah’s rule. Amongst the articles appearing in The Timesthat are included in the file are two written by the travel writer Robert Byron, entitled Middle Eastern Journey: The Glories of Islam(f 101) and Middle Eastern Journey: Hindu Kush by Car(f 102).The file’s principal correspondents are: HM’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Tehran, Reginald Hervey Hoare, Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull-Hugesson, Horace James Seymour; the Foreign Office.Also included in the file are cuttings and extracts of articles from the Persian press (in French, with some accompanied by English translations), that were written in response to articles in the British press.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 212; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
226. Coll 28/76 ‘Persia. Turkey. Turco-Persian Frontier.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence, maps and other papers exchanged between British officials in response to a 1927 dispute between Persia [Iran] and Turkey over the delimitation of the frontier between the two countries. The dispute arose when Persian troops crossed the frontier into Turkey. The file’s principal correspondents are: HM’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Tehran; HM’s Ambassador at Constantinople, George Russell Clerk, who also wrote from his summer residence at Therapia [Tarabya]. The file covers:Correspondence dated 1927 commentating on diplomatic relations between Persia and Turkey, and the diplomatic efforts between the two countries to resolve the frontier disputeThe ratification of an agreement between the Governments of Persia and Turkey, establishing the frontier between the two countries. A copy of the agreement (in French), dated 1933, is included in the file (ff 34-35).The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 214; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
227. Coll 28/99 ‘Persia. Anglo-Persian Relations. Treaty negotiations, 1937– (Perso-Baluch Frontier Demarcation)’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence and other papers concerning the Persian [Iranian] Government’s renewed desire in 1937 to finalise a treaty of friendship between Britain and Iran (also referred to in the file as the Anglo-Persian Consular Convention). The papers, chiefly exchanged between HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in Tehran, Horace James Seymour, the Foreign Office, and the India Office, cover: outstanding points remaining to be agreed prior to the signing of any treaty, including the withdrawal of Iran’s claims to Bahrain, Tamb [Greater Tunb] and Abu Musa, and the demarcation of the Perso-Baluch frontier, between Iran and British Baluchistan, now part of Pakistan; the British Government and Government of India’s reluctance to commit to a demarcation of the Perso-Baluch frontier, in part because of the financial implications of such a project; the despatch of an Iranian technical commission between February and May 1938 to recommence a survey of the Perso-Baluch frontier that was originally started in 1932; arrangements for the Government of India’s cooperation with the Iranian survey party, with the support of the Political Agent at Chagai; reports on the Iranian survey party’s activity and progress; a confidential entitled ‘Status of the Islands of Tamb, Little Tamb, Abu Musa and Sirri’ written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office, and dated 24 August 1928 (ff 45-48); the return of the Iranian survey party to the frontier in late 1938.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 137; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
228. Correspondence between Abbas Meerza and General Paskevitch
- Description:
- Abstract: Translation of correspondence between Abbas Meerza [ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār, Crown Prince of Persia] and General Paskevitch [General Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich-Erivansky, Governor-General of Georgia]. Abbas Meerza discusses his previous proposal to travel to St Petersburgh [St Petersburg], which General Paskevitch has declined owing to the ongoing war between Persia [Iran] and Russia [Russo-Persian War, 1826-1828], and indicates his wish to enter into negotiations for peace. In his reply General Paskevitch accuses Abbas Meerza of sending a messenger to his camp to act as a spy, and also indicates that his answer to Abbas Meerza’s proposal for peace negotiations is the same as previously given.This document was originally enclosed, numbered 3 in dispatch No. 67, in the letter of the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, to the Secret Committee of the East India Company (IOR/L/PS/9/71/67).Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)