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85. 'Notes on tribes and boundaries.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file consists of a note written by J R Fitzgerald, First Assistant to the Agent to the Governor-General for Beluchistan, in which the author provides a number of instances of tribes divided by territorial boundaries, and casts doubt on the notion that members of those tribes cannot be said to be inhabitants of one side or the other of those boundaries.The file also reproduces an extract from a letter written by Her Majesty's Ambassador at Tehran, dated 26 December 1874, in which the author provides examples of nomadic tribes who migrate across boundary lines, but who nevertheless declare allegiance and pay tribute to one state or the other.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences and terminates at folio 191, as it is part of a larger physical volume; this number is written in pencil, is circled, and is located at the top right corner of the folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; this number is also written in pencil, but is not circled
86. Correspondence between Britain, France and Russia in regards to Arabia
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence, in English and French, between M Sazanof, Ministre des Affaires Étrangeres (Russian Minister for Foreign Affairs); Maurice Paléologue, Ambassadeur de France en Russie (French Ambassador to Russia); Paul Cambon (French Amabassador to the United Kingdom); and Sir Edward Gray, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.The correspondence relates to the agreement made by France and Great Britain for the constitution of a state or federation of Arab states which would include Syria, Cilicia and Mesopotamia, including details of the agreement itself and the signing of it by Sir Mark Sykes and Monsieur Francois Georges-Picot (British and French Diplomats who signed the Sykes-Picot agreement). Also included are discussions with the Russian Government over the treaty, and their willingness to accept it on the condition that Russia may be permitted to annex Erzeroum [Erzurum], Trébizonde [Trabzon], Van, and Bitlis;and that the regions of Kourdistan [Kurdistan] and Merga Var be ceded to them; and that in return the areas of Ala Dagh, Césarée [Kayseri], Ak-Dagh, Yildiz Dagh [Strandzha], Zara, Eghin and Kharpout [Harput] will be recognised as French.The correspondence includes the following letters:Mr Sazanof, Ministre des Affaires Étrangeres, Pétrograd to Maurice Paléologue, Ambassadeur de France en Russie,26 April 1916;Maurice Paléologue, Ambassadeur de France en Russie, Pétrograd, to M Sazanof, Ministre des Affaires Étrangeres, 26 April 1916;Paul Cambon, Ambassade de France (French Embassy), Londres [London] to Sir Edward Grey, 9 May 1916 (received 10 May 1916);Sir Edward Grey, Foreign Office (London) to Paul Cambon, 15 May 1916;Paul Cambon, Ambassade de France, Londres to Sir Edward Grey, 15 May 1916 (received 16 May 1916);Sir Edward Grey, Foreign Office (London) to Paul Cambon, 16 May 1916;Sir Edward Grey, Foreign Office (London) to Count Alexander Konstantinovich Benckendorff (Russian Ambassador to the United Kingdom), 23 May 1916;Paul Cambon, Ambassade de France, Londres [London] to Sir Edward Grey, 25 August 1916 (received 26 August 1916);The Marquess of Crewe, Foreign Office (London) to Paul Cambon, 30 August 1916Count Alexander Konstantinovich Benckendorff, Ambassade Impériale de Russie (Imperial Russian Ambassador to the United Kingdom), Londres [London] to Viscount Grey (Sir Edward Grey), 1 September 1916Viscount Grey, Foreign Office (London) to Count Alexander Konstantinovich Benckendorff, 23 October 1916.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 133 and terminates at folio 142, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present between folios 6-153; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
87. File 1247/1912 Pts 1-2 'KOWEIT & MOHAMMERAH ANGLO-TURKISH AGREEMENT'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises two parts discussing the Anglo-Turkish Agreement of 1913 and especially the negotiations with the Shaikh of Koweit [Kuwait] and Shaikh of Mahommera [Khorramshahr] with respect to their boundaries with Turkey.The volume comprises parts 1 and 2 of 2. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, year the subject file was opened, subject heading, and list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 210; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-85 and between ff 86-208; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
88. File 3154/1912 Pt 1-2 ‘Turco-Persian frontier: the position of Hawizeh; miscellaneous prints’
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains parts 1 and 2 of the subject 'Turco-Persian Frontier'. Part 1 (IOR/L/10/PS/291/1 contains correspondence, reports and maps relating to surveys of the Turco-Persian frontier between Hawizeh [Hoveyzeh] and the Shatt-al-Arab, undertaken in May 1912 by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Zachariah Cox, and again in June and July 1912 by Lieutenant Arnold Talbot Wilson and Lieutenant Henry Aloysius Bruno Digby-Beste.The surveys were carried out in order to fix the precise locations of the village of Hawizeh and the Turco-Persian border at Mohammerah [Khorramshahr]. The reports submitted by Cox and Wilson set out the topography of the region, its canals and rivers, populations, jurisdiction, tribal affiliations and tribal rulers. Digby-Beste’s report (ff 16-18) details the survey measurements taken between 15 June and 2 July 1912, with calculations of longitude and latitude measurements for Hawizeh.Part 2 (IOR/L/PS/10/291/2 contains copies of correspondence, memoranda, maps and other papers, relating to diplomatic negotiations taking place between the Turkish and Persian Governments, marshalled by the British and Russian Governments, over the fixing of the boundary line between Persia and Turkish Mesopotamia at Mohammerah [Khorramshahr], Hawizeh [Hoveyzeh] and Zohab.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 324; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
89. File 37/1905 Pt 1 'Aden Frontier Delimitation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence and reports related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden). Also enclosed are extracts from Wahab's diary relating to his work on the commission.The file also contains two memorandums written by Lieutenant Colonel Henry Mallaby Abud of the Indian Staff Corps (Indian Army) that discuss the impact of adopting the boundary as recommended by the British commissioners and its impact on relations with tribes in the region (folios 191-195 and 358-367).The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The file contains four maps of the Aden border region (folios 67, 77, 268 and 368).The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 543; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
90. File 37/1905 Pt 2 'Aden Frontier Delimitation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence and reports related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden). Also enclosed are extracts from Wahab's diary relating to his work on the commission.The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The file contains four maps of the Aden border region (folios 348-350 and 377).The file also contains a smaller amount of correspondence and documents related to action taken by the Italian Government against 'piracy' in the Red Sea (including a cutting from The Daily Telegraph22 October 1902).The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 396; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
91. File 37/1905 Pt 3 'Aden Frontier Delimitation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence and documents related to the work of the Aden Boundary Commission, the British Government body tasked with the delineation of the borders of the British Protectorate of Aden. Much of the correspondence in the file relates specifically to the Amiri border region.The file contains a number of letters from Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab, the Commissioner of the Aden Boundary Commission, sent to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office in London (and the British Political Residency in Aden).The following documents are contained in the file:a report written by Colonel Wahab regarding the demarcation of the Amiri border (folios 178-184);a Foreign Office memorandum entitled 'Memorandum on the Boundary of the British Protectorate of Aden' (folios 706-708);a note compiled by the India Office entitled 'Aden Boundary' (folios 709-711).The majority of the correspondence in the file is in English, but also enclosed is a limited amount of correspondence from the Ottoman Ambassador in London that is in French.The file contains a printed map of the Aden frontier on folio 726.The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 758; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
92. File 37/1905 Pt 5 'Aden Delimitation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence between British officials regarding the delineation of the border between the British Protectorate of Aden and the Ottoman Vilayet of Yemen.Much of the correspondence is between officials at the Foreign Office and the India Office. Much of the correspondence relates to negotiations between the British and the Ottoman Empire and the work of the Anglo-Turkish Boundary Commission (under Colonel Robert Alexander Wahab and Colonel Mustapha Remzi Bey). The file contains some copies of correspondence in French that were sent to Ottoman officials in the course of negotiations.The file contains seven maps, the details of which are as follows:a series of four maps entitled 'South Arabia, Anglo-Turkish Boundary' Sheets 1-4 (folios 43-46);a printed map entitled 'Map of Subaihi Border' with place names in English and Arabic (folio 120);a printed map of the Shekh Sa'id [Sheikh Said] Peninsula (folio 121);a printed map entitled 'Sketch Map of Aden Boundary' (folio 276).The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 300; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
93. File 4880/1913 Pt 1-2 'Turco-Persian Frontier Commission'
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence, reports and maps concerning the Turco-Persian Frontier Commission of 1913.Part 1 concerns arrangements for an Anglo-Russian loan to the Persian Commission, to provide for the cost of erecting boundary pillars.Part 2 concerns negotiations over and arrangements for the Turco-Persian Frontier Commission, and the eventual production of the Protocole relative à la Délimitation turco-persane, signé à Constantinople le 4 (17) Novembre, 1913.It also contains maps of the Turco-Persian frontier at Hawizeh [Howeyzeh], Shatt-Al-'Arab, Bahmanshir [Rūdkhāneh-ye Bahmanshīr], Muhammareh [Khorramshar] and Abbádán I [Ābādān].Each part includes a divider which gives the subject, part number, the year the file was opened, subject heading, and a list of correspondence references found within that part, listed by year. These are placed after the last piece of correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 316; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-313; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
94. File 1166/1925 'Arabia: Nejd; negotiations with Ibn Saud regarding Iraq-Nejd question and Trans-Jordan boundary; Sir G Clayton's mission; Bahra agreement, 2nd November, 1925'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains correspondence, reports, telegrams, a memorandum and minutes between Sultan of Nejd Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the British Representative regarding the negotiations of the Transjordan boundary after the First World War. Related matters of discussion include the following: Gilbert Clayton’s mission; a conference agreement with tribunal representation; relations between Iran and Nejd relating to refugee issues; the British mandate; the railway in the southern part of Nejd; Mullah Hafiz; the Bahra agreement; the Hada Agreement; the Jeddah Agreement; and conflicts and riots between Iraq and Nejd around the frontier. The correspondence in the volume is mainly internal correspondence between British officials, although the Sultan of Nejd and officials from the Iraqi Government also feature.The principal correspondents are: the High Commissioner for Iraq; Under Secretary of States; Sir Gilbert Falkingham Clayton, British Agent and Consul General in Jeddah; and the Government of Iraq. Other items of note include a hand-drawn map showing the Transjordan frontier (f 223), a draft of the negotiations between Gilbert Clayton and Ibn Saud (ff 287-305); an annotated draft of negotiations by R V Vernon (ff 123-167); a newspaper article about the Anglo-Wahabi Agreement (f 196); and finally a memorandum with a list by the Iraqi Government summited to the Tribunal regarding the damages after the raids (ff 55-57).The volume includes a divider, which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 380; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence between ff 256-378, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers.
95. File 3294/1913 Pt 1-2 'Turco-Persian Frontier Commission - Expenditure - Case of Mr Hubbard'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains parts 1 and 2 of the subject ‘Turco-Persian Frontier Commission Expenditure'. Part 1 (IOR/L/PS/10/405/1) concerns the appointment, composition, financial arrangements of the Turco-Persian Frontier Commission. Part 2 (IOR/L/PS/10/405/2) concerns the compensation for Mr G E Hubbard, Secretary to the British Commissioners, for injuries sustained whilst serving on the Commission. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence. The date range gives the covering dates of all the documents in the volume; the Political Department minute and reference papers of the India Office in London, which enclose these documents, are dated 1905-1910.The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 446; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
96. File 22/23 III Kuwait Conference
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to the 1923-24 Kuwait Conference to arbitrate the Najd-Transjordan and Najd-Hijaz boundaries. Includes the following:resumption of Conference in absence of Iraqi delegates following Ikhwan raid;breakdown and end of Conference;copy of text of Najdi `Green Book' on Kuwait Conference consisting mainly of extracts from the proceedings of the conference and copies of official correspondence.Included in the volume is an index to the proceedings (folio 99). The principal correspondents in the volume include: the Secretary of State for Colonies, London; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Stuart George Knox; the High Commissioner, Baghdad; the High Commissioner, Jerusalem; the Political Agent, Kuwait; the Political Agent, Bahrain.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 100; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-99; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.