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193. Affairs in Aden and its Hinterland, the Gulf of Aden, and the Lower Part of the Red Sea Coast
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 32 of 1842, dated 31 March 1842. The enclosures are dated 24 February to 31 March 1842. They consist of a general report by the Political Agent at Aden, and other correspondence, on the state of affairs in Aden and its hinterland, the Gulf of Aden, and the lower part of the Red Sea Coast.The enclosures discuss matters including:British relations with the tribes around Aden, including relations with the Sultan of Lahidge [Lahej]The reason why orders were issued deferring the transportation of fifty Irregular Horse to AdenThe recommendation of the Political Agent at Aden that two Arab prisoners, previously sent from Aden to one of the East India Company's jails in the Bombay Presidency, be sent back to Aden to be released with a warning regarding their future conductThe view of the Political Agent at Aden that it was inadvisable to send Mr Hatchatoor to again reside as an Agent at Tedjoura [Tadjoura]The Political Agent at Aden having despatched the HC [Honourable Company] schooner Constance to Mussowah [Massawa] for the purpose of obtaining information about the state of affairs in Northern Abyssinia [the Northern Ethiopian Empire] and Arabia, at the request of HM Agent and Consul General in EgyptMeasures undertaken by the Political Agent at Aden for the protection of trade on the coast of AbyssiniaThe request of the former Native Agent at Mocha, Hajee Abdool Russool [Haji Abdul Rasool], that a decision be made by the Government of Bombay regarding his case, and that he be granted an allowance until his property at Mocha is restored to himStatements of stipends granted to different Arab 'chiefs' in the interior of Aden.The primary correspondents are the Political Agent at Aden and the Secretary and Officiating Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay.Physical description: There is an abstract of contents of the despatch, numbered 1-28, on folios 365-371. These numbers are repeated for reference on the verso of the last folio of each enclosure.
194. Government of India Secretariat Procedure (Llewellyn Smith) Committee 1919: Report. Delhi, 1920
- Description:
- Abstract: The entire contents are listed on folio 5. The contents of the report are as follows: introduction to; allocation of business among the departments; recruitment of the staff of the departments; conduct of business by the departments; and conclusions. The report covers in general: distribution of business among the departments; public health and education; commerce and industry; labour; emigration; agriculture; technical education; Legislative Department; the present method of recruitment of staff; general characteristics of the work of Government of India Secretariat, housing of the department; organization of the department.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 48; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
195. Middle East Committee and Eastern Committee
- Description:
- Abstract: This file relates to two War Cabinet committees: the Middle East Committee (originally named the Mesopotamian Administration Committee), and the Eastern Committee, both chaired by George Curzon.The first half of the file consists almost entirely of printed minutes of meetings of the Middle East Committee, dated 19 January, 26 January, 2 February, and 18 February 1918 respectively (ff 2-9). The main topics of discussion in these minutes are British policy in Palestine and future British policy in Mesopotamia.The second half of the file contains correspondence received by Curzon regarding the workings of the Eastern Committee, which inherited the responsibilities of the Middle East Committee (ff 10-21). The correspondents are as follows: Maurice Pascal Alers Hankey, War Cabinet; Edwin Samuel Montagu, Secretary of State for India; Robert Cecil, Foreign Office. The letters discuss the dissemination of the committee's minutes among military representatives, the frequency and attendees of committee meetings, and whether the committee should be severed from the War Cabinet and absorbed by the Foreign Office's recently created Middle East Department. One letter touches on Anglo-Persian relations.Also included is a note by Curzon, dated 27 October 1918, regarding a memorandum from the advisory committee of the Foreign Office's Eastern Department (ff 17-18).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the final folio with 21; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
196. Coll 1/37 'Aden. Changes in civil administration in the event of separation from India: local bodies; Aden Port Trust and Settlement'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence between the Aden Chief Commissioner (Bernard Reilly), the Colonial Office and the India Office Political Department. It is agreed that, following the transfer of Aden from the Government of India, the Aden Port Trust and Aden Settlement should remain as separate bodies.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 9; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
197. Coll 1/47 'Aden. Col Reilly's deputation to Sana'a: incidence of cost of emoluments of officers affected'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence regarding the mission to Sana'a made by the Aden Resident (later Chief Commissioner) to conduct treaty negotiations with the Imam of Yemen.The correspondence primarily concerns the pay and benefits for staff assuming temporary positions during the mission: Lieutenant-Colonel H M Wightwick as Acting Resident; Major H G Rivett-Carnac as Acting Political Secretary; and Captain B Seager as Acting Political Officer. Later correspondence concerns the arrangements for the Political Secretary (Lieutenant-Colonel Lake) to travel to Sana'a to ratify the treaty.The correspondents are the Aden Resident (Bernard Reilly), the India Office Political Department, the Colonial Office, the Accountant-General, Bombay, and the Secretary of State for the Colonies.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 1).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 78; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
198. Coll 1/49 'Aden. Administration and control: changes consequent on Indian constitutional reforms; transfer to HMG'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains papers regarding the transfer of the civil administration of Aden from the Government of India to the Colonial Office, and the preparation of the Aden Colony Order in Council (1936), and 'Royal Sign Manual and Signet to the Governor and Commander in Chief of the Colony of Aden (1937)'.The volume is predominantly made up of correspondence between the India Office Political Department, the Colonial Office, the Aden Chief Commissioner (later Governor) Bernard Reilly, the India Office Legal Advisor's Department, and the Secretary of State for India. The volume also contains numerous heavily-annotated drafts of the Order in Council and the Royal Instructions, plus minutes of meetings held at the Colonial Office, and extracts from the Home Affairs Committee and the Joint Committee on Indian Constitutional Reform. Final drafts can be found at folios 13-20, in addition to copies of Reilly's inauguration speech (folios 25-28).The correspondence covers a range of topics, including: Indian and Arab sentiment over the transfer; problems of condominion; the importance of Aden to Britain's imperial aims; representations from the Indian and Aden business communities; the maintenance of representation for Aden subjects at the Bombay High Court; Aden's free port status; questions of income tax and salt duty; the wording of the Order in Council and Royal Instructions; and a proposal to list the Kuria Muria Islands as a named dependency of Aden, comparable to Shaikh Othman, Imad and Hiswa, and Perim.The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 4).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 480; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The fold-outs on f 147, f 158 and f 159 are A and B items which are attached to the folios in order to add additional information about the document.
199. Coll 1/57 'Aden. Jurisdiction over the territorial waters of Arab States of the Aden Protectorate'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence regarding the question of jurisdiction over the territorial waters of Arab States in the Aden Protectorate. The issue is raised following a claim by the Abdali Sultan of Lahej [Lahij] that he retains fishing rights in the sea bordering the Lahej coast up to a distance of three miles, and that Aden fisherman can only operate within those boundaries with his permission and subject to tax.There follows correspondence between the Government of India Foreign and Political Department, the Aden Chief Commissioner, and the Foreign Office, regarding the proposal that Protectorate States be treated as analogous to Indian Native States with respect to territorial waters. This position, i.e. of divided jurisdiction, with states retaining jurisdiction over non-foreign or external relation matter on a case-by-case basis, is agreed upon.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 1).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 23; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
200. Coll 1/59 'Aden. Lease of the Perim Coal Company at Perim: future of Perim and provision of a wireless set'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains papers regarding the operation of certain businesses on Perim, negotiations for their withdrawal from the island, and arrangements for the Government of India to assume responsibility for maintaining essential services previously provided by the companies.The papers primarily concern the position of the Perim Coal Company - a subsidiary of Lambert Brothers Ltd. - and consist of correspondence regarding: the lease held by the company (copy at ff 445-54); their financial circumstances, and reasons for ceasing operations on Perim; arrangements for early termination of the lease through a deed of surrender (copy at ff 123-25); and the proposed sale of a water condensing plant and accessories to the Government of India.Throughout their period of operation on the island the company provided certain essential services: a company employee acted as Government Agent on the island, and they also provided sanitation and medical services; the supply of water, ice and electricity; and oversaw the lighting and buoying of the harbour. Arrangements for the assumption of these duties by the Government of India and Aden authorities are also discussed in the correspondence.The correspondence also concerns other businesses operating on Perim, namely the Asiatic Petroleum Company, the Lloyd's signal station, the Shell Transport and Trading Company Ltd., and the Eastern Telegraph Company (owned by Cable and Wireless PLC). The file contains correspondence with Cable and Wireless and minutes of the Imperial Communications Advisory Committee, regarding: the temporary provision of telegraph services until an alternative wireless set is provided for the island; and the continued maintenance of the company's cable tank depot, used for cable repair operations throughout the region.A map of the island, showing the location of buildings leased by the companies, can be found at folio 446.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folios 1-2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 456; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
201. Coll 1/46 'Aden. Transfer of control to HMG: certain points raised by Col Reilly for consideration in the event of separation from Government of India'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains papers regarding plans for the transfer of the civil administration of Aden to the Colonial Office.The material dated 1933 comprises correspondence between the Aden Chief Commissioner (Bernard Reilly) and the India Office (John Gilbert Laithwaite) regarding points to be addressed if Aden should be separated from India. These include: income tax rates and arrangements; the Post Office and Telephone service; the printing and sale of stamps; the mail contract; currency; treasury and finance arrangements; audit of the Aden budget; mechanisms for new laws and enactments; the future of local bodies (the Aden Port Trust and the Aden Settlement); lighthouses; ecclesiastical matters; retention of the right to appeal to the Bombay High Court; and provision for mental health patients. This is accompanied by notes on a meeting between Reilly, the India Office and the Colonial Office.The material dated 1935-36 comprises further correspondence between the Chief Commissioner, the India Office, the Colonial Office, and the Government of India Foreign and Political Department, regarding issues to be addressed prior to the transfer. The possibility of extending Reilly's appointment at Aden is also discussed.In addition to the correspondence, at the front of the file (ff 2-48) there are published copies of earlier Government correspondence and memoranda relating to Aden, including details of receipts and expenditure, administrative arrangements, and staffing. This includes a copy of Aden. Question of Transfer. Papers, 1933(Middle East, No. 50).The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 1).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 151; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
202. Coll 1/67 'Aden. Changes in administration in the event of separation from India: miscellaneous questions'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence, memoranda and reports regarding administrative changes to be made upon the transfer of Aden from the Government of India to the Colonial Office. The file consists primarily of correspondence between: the Aden Chief Commissioner (Bernard Reilly); the India Office Political Department; the Colonial Office; and the Government of India Home, Foreign and Political, Finance, and Reforms Departments.The file has been divided into the following bundles:1. Memoranda, ff 5-73;2. Flag, ff 74-79;3. New buildings, ff 80-86;4. Pension rights of Indian personnel, ff 87-95;5. Personnel, ff 96-184;6. Judicial and Revenue Stamps, ff 185-910;7. Position of Consuls, ff 191-197;8. Printing Press, ff 198-203;9. Provident Fund, ff 204-210;10. Application of international treaties and extradition conventions, motor vehicles (international rules), ff 211-325;11. Future financial arrangements in regard to salt, income tax, supply of opium etc., ff 326-384.The bundle titled 'Memoranda' contains a copy of Reilly's 'Note on Fourteen Points connected with the Transfer of Aden from the Government of India to the Colonial Office, discussed at the Foreign Office in 1933', plus a copy of Aden. Question of Transfer. Papers, 1933(Middle East No. 50), and related correspondence.The bundle titled 'Personnel' concerns the issue of retaining Indian administrative personnel at Aden following the transfer, on their existing terms of service, for a period of five years. The correspondence also concerns the position of the District and Sessions Judge, which upon transfer would change to become Judge of the Supreme Court of Aden; the appointment of James Taylor Lawrence to the post upon the retirement of G B Constantine is discussed.The bundle titled 'Provident Fund' concerns the creation of a new General Provident Fund at Aden upon transfer. Reilly proposes that the Government of India transfer over to Aden any monies standing to the credit of Indian service personnel retained permanently; the Government of India propose that the monies should be cancelled out against the value of buildings, civil debt and pecuniary liabilities etc. involved in the transfer.The bundle titled 'International Treaties' concerns the applicability to Aden, upon transfer, of various international agreements, and discusses the need to formally notify foreign governments of the change. Folios 297-321 include lists of treaties, conventions etc. which applied to both India and Burma, drawn up upon the separation of Burma in 1935. Extradition treaties and international motor agreements are discussed in particular detail.The bundle titled 'Future Financial Arrangements' contains notes on budget administration, financial management, the issue of the salt tax, income tax, customs arrangements, and the importation and control of opium and other regulated substances. Draft estimates based on the figures of revenue and expenditure for the years 1932-1935 are included at folios 371-383.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 384; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The back of the external cover has not been foliated.
203. Coll 1/71 'Aden Protectorate Order in Council 1937'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence between the Colonial Office, the India Office Political Department, and the Government of India Foreign and Political Department, regarding the drafting of the following Orders in Council (copies included):Aden Colony Order in Council (1936), ff 54-57;Aden Protectorate Order (1937), ff 63-68;Royal Instructions to the Governor of the Protectorate of Aden (1937), ff 69-72;Aden Colony Amendment Order (1944), ff 7-10;British Protected Persons (Amendment) Order (1944), ff 15-17.The file also contains extracts of minutes from the House of Lords and House of Commons.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 89; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is present between ff 2-88 and is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
204. Coll 1/2 'Administrative policy: arrangements for achievement of Imperial purposes at Aden; transfer of administration to Government of India (from Government of Bombay)'
- Description:
- Abstract: Papers regarding the transfer of the civil administration of Aden from the Government of Bombay to the Government of India, and the institution of Aden as a Chief Commissionership. The following subjects are discussed:the position of Aden in regard to Britain's imperial purposes;the history of the Aden protectorate, and future policy in the region;proposals made regarding the preferred method of effecting the transfer, under Section 59 of the Government of India Act;discussion of the population of Aden, relationships between the local communities, and local attitudes towards administration by the Governments of Bombay, India, or the Colonial Office;concern amongst residents of Aden and the merchant community in Bombay that transfer to the Government of India would be a preparatory step for transfer to the Colonial Office, and that the Port of Aden would lose free port status and be subject to a customs tariff;debates within the Bombay Legislative Council regarding the above;discussion over the future designation of the Resident of Aden as Chief Commissioner, and the designation of other officers;questions concerning broader Middle East unification in British policy.The file comprises memoranda and draft notes from the Government of India Foreign and Political Department, and the Government of Bombay Political and Secret Department, alongside extensive correspondence between the above-mentioned departments and the following: the Secretary of State for India; the Under Secretary of State for the Colonies; the Aden Resident [H M Wightwick], and later Chief Commissioner [B R Reilly]. There are several offprints and copy reports of questions asked in the House of Lords, and sessions of the Bombay Legislative Council.Items of note include:ff 425-435. Minute by Sir Stewart Symes, former Resident, Aden (1928-1931), proposing the transfer of civil administration;ff 418-424. Memorandum for circulation, proposed changes to the civil administration of Aden;ff 356-387, and 262-274. Representations from members of the British Indian Colonial Merchant's Association and numerous smaller bodies, plus details of a delegation to the Viceroy, with text of address;ff 179-234. Draft notification under Section 59 of the Government of India Act recording the constitution of Aden as a Chief Commissionership and the delegation of powers, with annotations, plus details re: the provision of staff by the Government of Bombay;ff 35-114. Two booklets, The Aden Problem, volumes II and III, (the British Indian Colonial Merchant's Association; Bombay, 1931-32);ff 132-160. Correspondence and annotated draft brief for Lord Lamington's questions in the House of Lords regarding the transfer to the Government of India, and the wider question of Middle East unification.The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 436; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Additional foliation sequences are present in parallel between ff 35-78, 79-114, 121-26, 168-73, 261-90, 291-319, 321-40, and 357-69; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.