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205. Coll 1/23 'Aden, Administration and Control: changes consequent on Indian Constitutional Charges; transfer to HMG'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains extensive reports, memoranda and correspondence documenting discussions of the possible transfer of the civil administration of Aden from the Government of India to the Colonial Office. The primary authors and correspondents are the India Office Political Department, the Colonial Office, the Aden Chief Commissioner, the Secretary of State for India, the Aden Standing Committee, the Viceroy, the Government of India Foreign and Political Department, and the Joint Committee on Indian Constitutional Reform.The majority of this correspondence concerns the following: the formal debates in the Council of State and the Central Legislative Assembly; the opinions of the Indian and Aden populations, both for and against transfer to the Colonial Office; and the wording of official statements. Tensions between the UK Government of the Government of India are well documented throughout the file.The volume also contains letters and petitions from Aden and Indian citizens, politicians and trade associations, communicating their concerns over the Salt Tariff, future taxation, and either the marginalisation or dominance of Indian interests. Reports and printed proceedings of the Council of State, Central Legislative Assembly, and Joint Foreign Committee on Indian Constitutional Reform can be found at folios 166-230, and 38-48.The following points are discussed at length within the volume: the desire of the Colonial Office to effect transfer prior to Indian independence; the importance of Aden to British imperial defence and communications; the disadvantages if Aden were to be administered as part of a federated India; the possible financial and military role of the Government of India, should Aden transfer to the Colonial Office; the financial contribution made by India; the status of Indian citizens in Aden; the question of continued representation in the Bombay High Court for Aden citizens; the possibility of maintaining the preferential Salt tariff; Aden's free port status; the possible role for Indian Service Personnel in Aden; and the impact on Indian and Aden businesses under Colonial Office administration, particularly on the salt trade.The volume includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references found within the volume by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 4).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 551; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
206. Coll 1/27 'Administration of justice in Aden: regulation to replace Aden Civil and Criminal Justice Act of 1864 and certain amending acts; emoluments of District and Sessions Judges'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains papers regarding: the issue of a regulation to replace the Aden Civil and Criminal Justice Act (1864) and subsequent related amendments; the proposed delegation to the Chief Commissioner of powers under Section 86 (4) Part IV of the Civil Procedure Code; and the change of the post of Judicial Assistant to District and Sessions Judge. The changes were necessary following the transfer of the civil administration of Aden from the Government of India to the Colonial Office.Papers dated 1933 consist of notes and correspondence regarding the Aden Civil and Criminal Justice Regulation (1933) which replaced the 1864 Act and subsequent amendments. Included are copies of the former acts and amendments (folios 98-104), a draft of the new regulations (folios 80-97) and subsequent final text (folios 55-64), remarks of the Legal Advisor to the Secretary of State for India (Sir Edward Chamier) regarding the previous transfers of St Helena and the Straits Settlements to the Home Government, and correspondence between the Chief Commissioner (B Reilly), the Government of India, the India Office and the Colonial Office.Papers dated between 1934-1935 consist of correspondence regarding the pay and allowances of the Aden District and Sessions Judge, following the change from Judicial Assistant, and the assumption of the following additional offices: Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax; Registrar General of Births, Marriages and Deaths; Inspector General of Registration; District Regulator; and Commissioner for Workmen's Compensation.Papers dated 1935 consist of correspondence between the Acting Chief Commissioner (H Wightwick) and the Government of India Foreign and Political Department, regarding the delegation to the Chief Commissioner of powers under Section 86 (4) Part IV of the Civil Procedure Code, allowing him to formally name the chiefs of the Aden Protectorate so that they may be tried in any competent British court should the need arise. Drafts of the schedule are included at folios 2-11.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 1).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 105; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
207. Coll 7/36 'Afghanistan: sale of 1914 pattern rifles to the Afghan government; incidence of liability between Indian and Imperial revenues'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file is a continuation of Collection 7/23, reference IOR/L/PS/12/2191. It contains correspondence between the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, the Secretary of State for India, HM Minister at Kabul, the War Office, the Government of India Foreign and Political Department, and the India Office Political Department, regarding requests for rifles and ammunition received from the Afghan Government.The opening correspondence concerns an Afghan Government request for 10,000 rifles and 6 million rounds of ammunition, and covers the following topics: the possibility of supplying 1914 pattern rifles from War Office surplus stocks, plus .303 Mk VII ammunition; Afghan concerns over the quality of the older rifles; payment options; Afghan overtures to arms manufacturers in Czechoslovakia; the possible provision of aircraft and training; and the need to compensate Messrs Soley Armament Company for any 1914 pattern rifles sold.The bulk of the correspondence concerns arrangements over the division of liability between the British Government and the Government of India for extraordinary expenditure on Afghanistan, and the Afghan Reserve Fund. A memorandum providing details of the Fund can be found at folios 67-71.At the end of the file it is agreed to supply a further 25,000 1914 pattern-rifles, plus ammunition, over six scheduled payments. The Government of India agree to assume liability for out of pocket expenditure (commission to the Soley Armament Company, plus inspection, packing and freight charges) in respect of rifles not wholly paid for at the time of any default on payment.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 270; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
208. Coll 7/37 'Afghanistan: sale of 25,000 1914 pattern rifles from War Office stocks and 7 million rounds of ammunition from Government of India stocks; negotiations with Afghan Government'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file is a continuation of Collection 7/36, reference IOR/L/PS/12/2203.It contains correspondence between the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, the Secretary of State for India, HM Minister at Kabul, the War Office, the Government of India Foreign and Political (later External Affairs) Department, and the India Office Political Department.Much of the early correspondence duplicates that found in IOR/L/PS/12/2203, and concerns the Afghan Government's request for an additional 25,000 rifles plus ammunition, debates over the division of liability between British and Indian revenues, and discussion of possible payment options.The rest of the correspondence concerns arrangements for shipping the arms and ammunition, and is accompanied by delivery invoices and reports on the quality inspections conducted prior to shipping. Details of the procedures, including examples of examiners' marks, and a sketch of the packing crates used, can be found at folios 262, and 234-238.Prior to sale, the War Office had undertaken to perform firing tests on all the rifles for an additional charge. These tests were not conducted, and the file contains correspondence between the India Office and the War Office, discussing the best options for presenting this fact to the Afghan Government, options for conducting the tests or reducing the price of the order, and the potential damage that would be caused to Britain's reputation, and Anglo-Afghan relations.The correspondence also concerns complaints by the Afghan Government that a number of rifles were damaged in transit or badly corroded. It documents the disagreement between the War Office, India Office and the Government of India over the provision of replacement rifles and parts, and contains details of the eventual arrangements and final agreement with the Afghan Government (found at folios 117-122).The file includes dividers which give lists of correspondence references contained in the file by year. These are found at the end of the correspondence (folios 2-3).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 599; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
209. Coll 20/38 'Muscat: Appointment of Assistant Political Agent'
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence concerning the appointment of an Assistant Political Agent at Muscat to handle the matters connected to the development of the South Arabian air route. The papers deal with the initial detachment of the Political Officer in the Trucial Coast to Salalah to fill the role on a temporary basis in 1942; the need to retain an Assistant Political Agent in Salalah and a Political Officer in the Trucial Coast in 1943; the question of financial responsibility for the post; the extension of the post until February 1948.Principal correspondents include officials at the Government of India (External Affairs Department), Foreign Office, Treasury, India Office and the Political Residency and Consulate General at Bushire.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 36; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
210. Memoranda Relating to Departmental Views on the Conduct of the War in the East and the Administration of Mesopotamia
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises typescript, printed and manuscript memoranda, dated 1918 and 1920 by: Edwin Samuel Montagu, Secretary of State for India; Arthur James Balfour, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (up to October 1919); Henry Wilson, Chief of the Imperial General Staff, War Office; and Foreign Office officials as instructed by Lord Curzon, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (from October 1919).The memoranda cover the different views expressed by the Foreign Office, India Office and War Office, on the conduct of the War in the East and British policy in the Middle East, in particular the following:The effectiveness of policy being conducted by the Eastern Committee of the War CabinetThe roles of the Government of India and the India Office, and the Foreign Office, in that region, notably in Arabia, Persia [Iran] and Mesopotamia [Iraq]Whether a separate department should be established by the Foreign Office and War Office to deal with Middle Eastern affairsCriticism by the Eastern Committee, and the Foreign Office and Lord Curzon, of the administration of Mesopotamia by Arnold Talbot Wilson, Acting Civil Commissioner, notably for being too 'militaristic', anti-democratic, insufficiently focused on civil administration, and antagonistic to Arab nationalism.Several of the memoranda written in 1918 are responses by the Foreign Office and the War Office to Montagu's memorandum entitled 'War Cabinet. Eastern Committee. The War in the East', 5 July 1918 (ff 10-11), in which Montagu expresses doubts about the Eastern Committee's conduct of war policy in the Middle East. The memoranda written in 1920 document the Foreign Office's views on the 'Wilsonian policy being pursued in Mesopotamia' (ff 24-36).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 60; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio and are not circled.
211. Memoirs of Meredith Worth
- Description:
- Abstract: Memoirs of Meredith Worth (1905-93), beginning with a brief account of his education and his time in the Indian Civil Service in Bengal (1927-33), before going on to focus mainly on his career in the Indian Political Service (1933-47). The memoirs are typewritten with corrections and annotations in ink.Worth recounts posts held in Gyantse [Gyangze], Bahrain, Baluchistan [Balochistān], Gujerat [Gujarat], Kathiawar, Rajputana, Orissa [Odisha], and Quetta. He states his preference for the Indian Civil Service over the Indian Political Service, and also gives his views on the partition of India.Worth concludes his memoirs with an account of his career after 1947 in Australia, most notably in the Department of External Affairs, where he was involved in assisting Indian and Pakistani students in Victoria and Tasmania.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 6; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the file also contains an original pagination sequence.
212. Note on future arrangements for the disposal of official business relating to Egypt, Aden, Cyprus, Palestine, Persia, the Persian Gulf and Mesopotamia
- Description:
- Abstract: This printed report is a note by Lieutenant-Colonel Arnold Talbot Wilson, Civil Commissioner at Baghdad, dated 30 March 1919, and circulated by Edwin Samuel Montagu, Secretary of State for India on 14 April 1919. It consists of four possible options for future arrangements for the disposal in the United Kingdom of official business relating to Egypt, Aden, Cyprus, Palestine, Persia, the Persian Gulf, and Mesopotamia. These are: (1) Administration by the Foreign Office or by a Department under the Foreign Office; (2) Administration by an entirely separate Department; (3) Administration by the present Colonial Office or by a reconstituted Colonial Office, the Dominions coming under the Privy Council; or (4) Administration by the India Office, reconstituted as the India and Middle Eastern Office, with a special Under Secretary of State for the Middle East.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence for this file commences at folio 53, and terminates at folio 53, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 7-153; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
213. File 1508/1905 Pt 3-5 Bahrain
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence, notes, and memoranda concerning the affairs of Bahrain and Britain's role in the country. The correspondence is mostly between the Government of India, Foreign Office, and India Office. Further correspondence, included as enclosures and often in the form of printed collections relating to the matter at hand, is between the Government of India, Foreign Office, and various British political and diplomatic offices in Persia, Turkish Arabia (present-day Iraq), and the Persian Gulf.The three parts of the volume each relate to different subjects, as follows:1. (Part 3) The arrangements for Turkish mail from Basra to be conveyed to ports in the Persian Gulf;2. (Part 4) Cargo landing arrangements at Bahrain and the discussion over whether to support a German firm's claim of mis-management against the current contractor;3. (Part 5) Outbreaks of plague and cholera in the region.Many of the discussions covered by the papers bring into question the nature of Britain's role in Bahrain, particularly regarding jurisdiction over foreigners.The volume comprises parts 3-5 of 5. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, year the subject file was opened, subject heading, and list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 168; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
214. File 1508/1905 Pt 1 'Bahrain: situation; disurbances (1904-1905); Sheikh Ali's surrender; Question of Administration Reforms (Customs etc)'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence relating to disturbances in Bahrain and the consequent discussion over administrative changes. The correspondence is mostly between the India Office, the Foreign Office, and the Government of India. Further correspondence, included as enclosures, is from the following:Percy Zachariah Cox, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf;Francis Beville Prideaux, Political Agent at Bahrain;Shaikh Isa bin Ali Al Khalifah [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin ‘Alī Āl Khalīfah], ruler of Bahrain;Shaikh Ali bin Ahmed Al Khalifah [Shaikh ‘Alī bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah], nephew of the ruler of Bahrain;numerous other British political and naval offices in Turkish Arabia and Persia.The disturbances centred around attacks on a German man and several Persians by Shaikh Isa's nephew, Ali bin Ahmed, and his followers in late 1904. The papers within the volume cover several matters related to these attacks:the investigation into the details of the attacks;the discussion over what to do about Ali bin Ahmed and his eventual exile;British naval operations to enforce order;Turkish claims that Shaikh Isa believes himself to be a Turkish subject;the discussion over increased administrative intervention in Bahrain, specifically control of customs.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 262; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
215. File 160/1903 'Persian Gulf: El Katr; appointment of Turkish Mudirs; question of Protectorate Treaty with El Katr'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume contains memoranda, copies of correspondence and telegrams, and minutes of letters between British officials regarding:Turkish claims over El Katr (Qatar), and the creation of Turkish administrative posts on the Qatari coast, with 'mudirs' (sub-governors) being assigned during 1903 to Odeid (Al Udeid), Wakra (Al Wakrah), Zobara (Al Zubarah), and Musalamia Island (Suwad ash Shamaliyah);'the desire of Sheikh Ahmed bin-Thani, Ruler of Qatar, to be taken under British Protection', in 1902, and a Proposed Protectorate Treaty with the Ruler of Qatar, in 1904;the Ruler of Abu Dhabi's intention to occupy Odeid in 1906.The main correspondents are: the Viceroy, the Foreign Office (Thomas Henry Sanderson), the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, Marquess of Lansdowne), and the India Office.The volume includes a divider which gives the year that the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in it arranged by year. This divider is placed at the front of the volume.The volume also contains the translation of a Turkish press article.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 428; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.Condition: the spine is detached from the volume and preserved in a polyester sheet, on folio 427.
216. File 211/1912 'Turkish Arabia Summaries'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains a monthly report Summary of events in Turkish Iraqfor the period November 1911 to July 1914. Some reports cover more than one month. Each report was prepared by the Political Resident in Turkish Arabia and Consul General at Baghdad.The reports cover a wide range of political, economic, military, and social matters under the following sub-headings:Internal Affairs (also Turkish Affairs);Persian Affairs;Central Arabian and Kuwait Affairs;British Interests and Cases;British Indian Interests and Cases;British Official Matters;Foreign Interests and Official Matters;Commercial Matters;Miscellaneous and General.Included in the volume is an extract from The Timesnewspaper of 24 July 1912 featuring an article on archaeological discoveries at Carchemish.Physical description: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 200; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.