Abstract: The volume contains correspondence and memoranda relating to the affairs of the Aden Protectorate. The correspondence is mostly between the Political Residency in Aden, the Political Agency in Dthala [al-Ḍāli‘], the Government of Bombay, the Government of India, the India Office, and the Foreign Office. There are many enclosures to the correspondence, often in the form of printed series of related papers. This includes translations of correspondence to and from tribal leaders.The papers cover discussions around a number of main subjects:the deployment and later withdrawal of a British officer and troops at Dthala;inter-tribal relations;the delineation of the Ottoman Turkish border to the north;treaty negotiations with some of the tribes of the hinterland.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 458; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Additional foliation sequences are present in parallel between ff 115-130, between ff 174-213 and between ff 221-240; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: The volume contains correspondence and memoranda relating to the affairs of the Aden Protectorate. The correspondence is mostly between the Political Residency in Aden, the Government of Bombay, the Government of India, the India Office, and the Foreign Office. There are many enclosures to the correspondence, often in the form of printed series of related papers. This includes translations of correspondence to and from tribal leaders.The papers cover the discussion over, and conclusion of, treaty relations with several tribes and sections of tribes in the Aden Hinterland. This was largely brought about by the delineation of the border with Ottoman Turkish territory and the need to secure support from the tribes of this region.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 264; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: The volume comprises two parts discussing the reduction of consular costs in Persia and in the Persian Gulf:Part 1 discusses reductions in expenditure on agencies and consulates;Part 2 discusses reductions of pay on consular establishment.The volume comprises two parts: 1 and 2. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, year the subject file was opened, subject heading, and list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 399; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The volume comprises two parts. Part 1 contains correspondence and papers relating to appointments made at the British Consulate at Mohammerah [Khorramshahr] (ff 5-74). Part 2 contains correspondence and papers concerning the re-opening and associated costs of a British Consulate at Basra (ff 76-240).Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 243; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: Correspondence and other papers of a routine nature, exchanged between the Political Agency in Bahrain, and other British offices in the Persian Gulf, including those at Kuwait, Muscat, Sharjah, and Bunder Abbas [Bandar-e ʻAbbās].The routine correspondence covers:the ordering, exchange and delivery of items, including foodstuffs, mechanical items (including batteries, radios, refrigerators, stoves) and other supplies (including washing soda, books, glass panes), with delivery and shipping notes issued by Gray, Mackenzie & Company Limited;the delivery of items by mail;the procurement of mechanical services and repairs, of staff for offices, and of sea passages for individuals.Other items in the file include:a letter from Ward P Anderson, Chief Local Representative for the Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO), dated 7 March 1946, on the oiling of road surfaces in Bahrain, and the practicalities of oiling roads in Muscat (ff 144-145);papers dated October 1946 reporting the theft of jewellery from the home of Lieutenant-Colonel Harold Richard Patrick Dickson in Kuwait, including a list of stolen valuables (f 204, ff 207-208).The file contains a receipt in Arabic, received from the Government of Bahrain’s Food Department (folios 157-158).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 281; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-256; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
Abstract: The volume comprises two parts. Part 1 concerns social unrest and British administration around the frontiers between British Baluchistan [Pakistan], Persia [Iran], and Afghanistan. Part 2 concerns the sale of the Mirjawa [Mīrjāveh] to Kwash [Khāsh] telegraph line by the British authorities to their Persian counterparts.Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 471; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: Correspondence, minutes, memoranda, and draft papers relating to the internal affairs of Bahrain. The papers are mostly copies exchanged between the India Office, Foreign Office, and Colonial Office, and forms part of the interdepartmental discussion of matters such as: petitions to the British Government by the Baharnah community in Bahrain complaining about oppression by the Bahrain Government; Wahhabi influence in Bahrain and the protests of the Dowasir tribe over British-backed reforms in the country; the poor treatment of the Baharnah in Qatif by the authorities there; and Shaikh Isa bin Ali's memorial to the Government of India following his removal as the ruler of Bahrain.Correspondence included as enclosures is mostly between the Political Agency in Bahrain, the Political Residency in the Persian Gulf, the High Commissioner in Baghdad, the Government of India (Foreign and Political Department), the Government of Bombay, the British Legation in Jedda, Shaikh Isa bin Ali Al Khalifah [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin ‘Alī Āl Khalīfah], and his legal representatives, Bhaishanker Kanga and Girdharilal.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 306; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
Abstract: Correspondence, minute papers, memoranda, and draft papers relating to British and European representation within the Bahrain administration. The papers discuss a number of matters, including: appointment and terms of the posts of Director of Customs, Commandant of the Levy Corps, and some medical positions; appointment of a surveyor and survey party; the question of employing Sudanese policemen instead of Indian; and the degree of interference the British should adopt in Bahrain.The principal correspondents include officials at the India Office, Foreign Office, Colonial Office, and the Government of India (Foreign and Political Department). Further correspondence, included as enclosures, comes from the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, the Political Agent in Bahrain, and the Governor General of the Sudan.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 171; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
Abstract: The file contains papers concerning political control in the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Peninsula.The first half of the file relates to the inter-departmental Sub-Committee of Political Control of the Persian Gulf Sub-Committee of the Committee of Imperial Defence. The Sub-Committee on Political Control was chaired by Sir Norman Fenwick Warren Fisher, and its terms of reference (as stated in several documents in the file) were ‘To make recommendations as to the methods by which the existing machinery for political control in Arabia can be simplified and speeded up’, which the British Government considered to be necessary as a result of the changed conditions brought about by the extended use of air power in general, and the projected air route along the Arabian littoral of the Gulf in particular.It includes the following papers of the Sub-Committee on Political Control:Minutes of meetings of the Sub-Committee of 8 May, 15 May, and 24 October 1929Notes by the Air Ministry entitled ‘Co-operation between the Resident Persian Gulf and the A.O.C. Iraq on all questions relating to: (a) the use of air power in the Gulf regions, and (b) in particular the organisation of the air route’, and ‘The present position as regards the air route and the general methods which it is proposed to adopt to organise it’, dated 11 May 1929A copy of a despatch from the Foreign Office to Herbert George Jakins, Jeddah, of 10 April 1929, regarding the channels to be used for communications with Ibn SaudA copy of the draft report of the Sub-Committee dated 21 June 1929A document dated 4 August 1929 containing copies of comments on the draft report by the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the India Office, the Admiralty, and the Air MinistryA copy of the final version of the report of the Sub-Committee, dated 12 December 1929, which is divided into two parts, Part I dealing with propositions lying within the scope of the terms of reference of the Sub-Committee, and Part II concerning the possibility of the transfer to the Foreign Office of the general control of British relations with the whole of the territories in the Middle East (Part II is signed only by the Chairman of the Sub-Committee and representatives of the Admiralty, the War Office, and the Air Ministry).This part of the file also includes correspondence between Hastings Lionel Ismay, Secretary of the Sub-Committee on Political Control, and John Gilbert Laithwaite, Principal, India Office.Most of the rest of the file relates to the question of whether the India Office or the Foreign Office should take over the responsibilities in the Persian Gulf hitherto exercised by the Colonial Office.These papers include:A copy of a memorandum by the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs proposing the transfer of this work to the Foreign Office, dated 10 June 1933A copy of a memorandum by the Secretary of State for India in response to the Foreign Office memorandum, stating the reasons why he thought the work in question should be dealt with in future by the India Office rather than the Foreign Office, dated 19 June 1933Correspondence between the India Office and the following: the Colonial Office; the Government of India Foreign and Political Department; and the Foreign Office.The file also includes some correspondence regarding the possibility, raised by the Government of India Foreign and Political Department, that it might be necessary in the future to post as Under Secretary to the Resident in the Persian Gulf an Indian Member of the Political Department, and the objection of the India Office to this, on the basis that in the discussions which led up to the transfer to the India Office of the responsibility for work hitherto undertaken in the Persian Gulf by the Colonial Office, the Secretary of State for India informed the Cabinet, in response to concerns raised by other Departments, that there would be no ‘Indianisation’ of personnel in this area.In addition, the file includes some papers relating to the question of the unification of political control of the parts of Arabia for which the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the India Office and the Government of India were responsible, and the suggestion that a single Department of Arabian Affairs should be created, under the control of the Colonial Office.As well as the papers mentioned above, the file also includes India Office Political Department minute papers, and internal correspondence between India Office officials.The file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 286; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: The papers concern the recruitment by the governments of Italy and France of natives of the British protectorate of Aden for military and colonial policing purposes.The main correspondents are the Political Resident, Aden; the Viceroy of India; and senior officials of the Foreign Office, the India Office, and the Government of India.The papers cover: the recruitment by Italy of Arabs (referred to as 'Ascaris') for service as soldiers in Italian Somaliland (also referred to as the Benadir Coast), a proposal to which the British authorities had no objection, March 1905 - April 1908 (folios 210-238); the British decision to refuse permission for further recruitment by the Italians, because a state of war existed between Italy and Turkey and the recruitment was an infringement of British neutrality under the terms of the Foreign Enlistment Act 1870, September-October 1911 (folios 188-208); the reasons for the detention by the Political Resident, Aden of ammunition stores destined for the Governor of Benadir, November 1911 (folios 174-187); opposition from the Government of India to further recruitment by the Italians in the Aden Protectorate for service in the military or police in their African colonies, because of the effect on the Aden labour market, 1914 (folios 147-168); a French request to recruit substitutes for Arab labourers ('coolies') in Madagascar, December 1914 (folios 135-142); permission granted to the Italians to recruit 500 Arabs from the Hadramaut [Hadramawt], January - June 1915 (folios 111-134); and the granting of permission to the French to recruit colonial troops in Aden, 1917 (folios 105-110).The papers include one letter in French from the French Ambassador to the United Kingdom.Physical description: 1 item
Abstract: The volume comprises mainly printed correspondence, telegrams, summaries, printed reports, notes, receipts, statistical tables, and other papers concerning miscellaneous matters relating to Mesopotamia, including Basra, and also Bahrain.The papers notably cover:The Iraq Occupied Territories code, 1915 (folios 672-722)Notes by Gertrude Bell on the administration of justice, tribal Sayyids, claims for compensation, and the Shia in IraqBahrain and its trade with the Arabian hinterlandThe interests of the Shaikh of Mohammerah [Khorramshahr] and the Shaikh of Kuwait in the Iraq Occupied Territories'Orders for the Trial of Inhabitants of the Country' (folio 182)Attitude of the Basra notables.The principal correspondents are: Percy Zachariah Cox, Chief Political Officer in Charge, Iraq Section; Gertrude Bell, Political Officer; the Officer in Charge, Cairo Section, Eastern Bureau; Director Military Intelligence, Cairo; the General Officer Commanding, Indian Expeditiory Force D; the Chief of the General Staff, Army Headquarters, Simla.The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by the year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 725; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-723; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. There are multiple additional mixed foliation/pagination sequences. There is one foliation anomaly, f 360a.
Abstract: The file contains correspondence and other papers relating to political control in the Persian Gulf and Middle East, specifically the division of responsibility for this region between the India Office and the Government of India, the Foreign Office, and the Colonial Office.It includes papers relating to the following recommendations of Sir Hugh Trenchard, Chief of the Air Staff, made in an Air Staff Memorandum dated 8 May 1928: that the responsibilities of the Colonial Office should be extended to include Koweit [Kuwait], the Trucial Chiefs, and all political questions concerning the countries contiguous with Arabia; that one department of the Government, with the Air Ministry as advisers on air matters, should be made responsible for political and administrative action in Arabia, or at least in Iraq, Aden and Transjordan; and that the India Office and the Government of India should consider relieving themselves of their direct political and administrative responsibilities connected with Arabia. The related papers include those relating to the counter-proposal of the Government of India that a degree of the control removed from them following the report of the Masterton-Smith Committee of 1921 should be restored, and that they should now resume the position in the Gulf that they held before the First World War with regard to Bahrein [Bahrain], Kuwait, Muscat and the Trucial Chiefs.The file also includes papers concerning the following:The proposals of Sir John Cadman (Chairman of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company and the Iraq Petroleum Company) in a letter to the Prime Minister of August 1929 that control of the Middle East should be centralised under a single department of HM GovernmentLord Trenchard’s motion in the House of Lords of 20 May 1931 to ask whether HM Government would make a statement concerning an enquiry into the unification of control and policy in the Middle EastLord Lamington’s motion of 27 April 1932 to ask HM Government whether the desirability of having the affairs of the Arabic speaking peoples of Arabia, Egypt and the Sudan being dealt with by one Government Office had been consideredLord Lloyd’s motion of 21 March 1935 to call attention to the economic and political situation in the Persian Gulf.The main correspondents are as follows: the India Office; Hastings Lionel Ismay, Assistant Secretary of the Committee of Imperial Defence; the Government of India Foreign and Political Department; the Foreign Office; and the Colonial Office. Other correspondents include: the Air Ministry; the Admiralty Military Branch; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Lord Trenchard; and John Cadman.Other papers in the file include India Office internal correspondence, India Office Political Department minute papers, memoranda, newspaper cuttings, extracts from minutes of the House of Lords, and the following:Notes by the India Office for the Sub-Committee on Political Control of the Committee of Imperial Defence Persian Gulf Sub-Committee, entitled ‘De Facto Position as Regards Political Arrangements in the Persian Gulf’ and ‘Distribution of (British) Administrative Responsibility in the Persian Gulf’Draft minutes of the 249th meeting of the Committee of Imperial Defence on 14 July 1930Papers of the Committee of Imperial Defence Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East.The file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 381; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.