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1. 'Kerman Mining Concession'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file consists of a report, written by the India Office's Political Department, on the subject of a mining concession in an area of the Kerman province, which is being sought by the Persian Railways Syndicate. The report provides details of the precise location of the area, and the mining rights which the Syndicate wishes to secure.The report goes on to refer to a counter-draft to the Syndicate's own draft proposal, which has been put forward by the Persian Government, and which makes various demands including certain exceptions to the Syndicate's mining rights, Persian control over building plans, and restrictions to each working area.The report also discusses an intervention, made by the Russian Government in June 1913, on behalf of the Société d'Etude (the international syndicate which was created to examine the Trans-Persian railway project), which suggested that there be an equal division of interest in the concession, a far as the neutral zone was concerned.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 112, and terminates at f 113, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
2. ‘[Persia and Persian Gulf] Concessions (existing and prospective, in which the Political Department has been interested recently)’
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains handwritten (and in one case, typewritten) notes on a number of concessions relating to Persia and the Persian Gulf, in which the India Office's Political Department held an interest. The concessions are listed at the beginning of the file as follows:1. Euphrates and Tigris navigation (Lord Inchcape [James Mackay]);2. Mesopotamian oilfields (International);3. Mesopotamian irrigation (Sir John Jackson Ltd);4. Russian oilfields (The Anglo-Persian Oil Co.);5. Mohammerah [Khorramshahr]-Khorremabad Railway (Persian Railways Syndicate);6. Kerman Mining Concession (Persian Railways Syndicate);7. Baluchistan oilfields (Burma Oil Co. and Anglo-Persian Oil Co.);8. Mining concessions on the Persian Gulf Coast and Islands;9. Ispahan irrigation scheme;10. Koweit [Kuwait] oil;11. Imperial Bank of Persia's mint contract.Of these eleven concessions, notes on all except 2 and 8 are included. In each case, the notes detail the origins and current status of the concession.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 127, and terminates at f 142, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
3. 'No. 1. Concession pour la Navigation sur le Tigre et l'Euphrate.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of a concession for navigation on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which sets out terms and conditions.It was signed by the Grand Vizier of Ottoman Empire (Ibrahim Hakki Pasha) and Baron Inchcape (James Lyle Mackay) – on behalf of the Secretary of State for India, on 12 December 1913.The main body of the document is in French.Physical description: 1 item (7 folios)
4. 'A collection of Conventions and Agreements relating to Telegraphs in Turkey in Asia, Persia, the Persian Gulf, and Mekran'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file is comprised of copies of a series of agreements, engagements, and conventions concerning Britain and a number of related parties regarding the construction and/or extension of telegraph lines in Turkey, Persia, the Persian Gulf, and Mekran [Makran Coast] between 1853 and 1916. Related parties include the Chiefs of the Arabian coast (referred to as 'the Chiefs of the Pirates Coast'), Persia, Turkey, and Russia.In addition, there are copies of two concessions granted to the Indo-European Telegraph Company, from 1868 and 1869 respectively (a renewal of the 1868 concession, made in 1882, is also included).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 21, and terminates at f 38, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
5. 'Memorandum on the Oil Concessions in the Arab Sheikhdoms'
- Description:
- Abstract: This printed secret memorandum by the India Office, dated 13 March 1944, concerns oil concessions in the Arab sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf in the context of the United States of America's discussions on oil in the Middle East. The aim of the memorandum is to give an account of British interests, explain British relations with the rulers of the Persian Gulf states and British policy more generally, and describes various oil concessions that have been granted in these states.The memorandum, which is signed with the initials 'F.A.K.H' of the External Department of the India Office, consists of six sections: 'The Geographical Situation and Treaty position of the Sheikhdoms', including Koweit [Kuwait], Bahrein [Bahrain], Qatar, 'The seven petty Sheikhdoms of the Trucial Coast', and Muscat; 'Strategic importance of the Sheikhdom'; 'The nature of our relations with the Rulers and the importance of maintaining our present exclusive position'; 'Oil Concessions in the Gulf'; 'HMG's interests in the oil concessions'; and 'US interests in the Persian Gulf'.This first section of the memorandum is followed by an appendix entitled 'Details of the Oil Concessions granted in the Arab Sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf' (folios 6-9) and is divided into sections covering Bahrain, Kuwait, Dubai, Sharjah, Kalba, Ras-al-Khaimah [Ras al-Khaymah], Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Umm al Quwaim [Umm al-Qaywayn], Qatar, and Muscat.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 1 and terminates at folio 9, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The item also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
6. 'File XIV A/1 IV Oil Concession in Muscat'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to oil concessions in Muscat territory.The discussion in the volume relates to the following issues:Aviation petrol and oil for exploration partiesEmployment of American geologistsAgreement between HM Government and Petroleum Development (Oman and Dhfoar), including 'pre-emption clauses' in event of national emergency or war whereby the UK could take control of oil produced in Oman (ff 32-34)Correspondence with officials of Petroleum Concessions, Petroleum Concessions (Oman and Dhofar), and Petroluem Concessions (Trucial Coast)Letters from the Wali of various towns and districtsMuscat Oil Agreement negotiations.Included in the volume is a report by Captain John Baron Howes, Assistant Political Agent, Bahrain, 'Report on special duty in connection with the exploration party of Petroleum Concessions Limited in the Dhahira' including two hand drawn sketch maps as appendices: 'Appendix 1: Sketch map of Baraimi Oasis approximately to scale' (ff 188-198).The principal correspondents in the volume include the Political Agent, Muscat (Major Ralph Ponsonby Watts); the Secretary of State for India; the Private Secretary to the Secretary of State for India (M J Clauson); the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr]; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Petroleum Concessions Ltd (Stephen Hemsley Longrigg); the Political Agent, Bahrain (Hugh Weightman).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 218; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-218; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
7. 'File [XIV A/1 V] Oil concessions in Muscat'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to oil concessions in Muscat territory.The discussion in the volume relates to the following issues:Petroleum Concession Limited's exploration in Trucial hinterland and Muscat territoryThe negotiations relating to the conclusion of agreements for exploration in Muscat and Oman, and a separate agreement for DhofarNegotiations and administration concerning the extension of option periods for the Muscat and Oman and Dhofar Agreements.The volume includes a telegram (folio 241) from the Foreign Office to Washington on the topic 'SPECIAL (OIL POLICY)'.The principal correspondents in the volume include the Political Agent, Muscat (Ralph Ingham Hallows); the Under-Secretary of State, India Office; the Private Secretary to the Secretary of State for India (M J Clauson); the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr]; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Manager of Petroleum Concessions Ltd (Stephen Hemsley Longrigg); and the Political Agent, Bahrain.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 291; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel and these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
8. 'File 14/1 II Oil concession in Muscat'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to oil concessions in Muscat territory.The discussion in the volume relates to the following main issues:Correspondence with officials of Petroleum Concessions and Petroleum Development (Trucial Coast) LimitedDiscussions with Standard Oil of California regarding the awarding of a separate concession for DhofarThe proposed exploration by Petroleum Concessions Limited of the area adjacent to Oman's mountain rangeThe negotiations concerned with an agreement for an oil concession in 'Muscat territory'Demarcation of boundaries between Muscat and the Trucial Coast shaikhdoms.Included in the volume is a copy of the draft agreement between HM Government and Petroleum Concessions (Trucial Coast) Ltd (ff 59-65).The file also includes a report (ff 106-114) by the Political Agent, Bahrain (Captain Tom Hickinbotham) to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, giving his views on how the 'advent of oil must alter our policy on the Trucial Coast' and the necessity of penetrating into the interior and communicating with the tribal rulers there. He also discusses the ramifications of this including the demarcation of boundaries. Another document (folio 127) of interest is the 'NOTE ON CONDITIONS IN THE HINTERLAND SOUTH AND SOUTH-EAST OF THE TRUCIAL COAST' prepared by Petroleum Development (Trucial Coast) Limited. The note concerns the company's assessment of tribal boundaries and implications for development of oil concessions.Also included (folio 17) is a handwritten letter in Arabic by Sultan Sa'id bin Taimur to the Political Agent, Muscat concerning arrangements for a survey of Dhofar province.The principal correspondents in the volume include the Political Agent, Muscat (Major Ralph Ponsonby Watts); the Secretary of State for India; the Private Secretary to the Secretary of State for India (M J Clauson); the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr]; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Petroleum Concessions Ltd (Stephen Hemsley Longrigg).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 217; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-217; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
9. 'File 14/1 Vol 7 OIL CONCESSIONS MUSCAT [DHOFAR - BURAIMI - HUQF]'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to oil concessions in the Sultanate of Muscat and OmanThe discussion in the file relates to the exploration for oil by Petroleum Development (Oman and Dhofar) Limited in Dhofar, Buraimi and Huqf.Further discussion concerns the issues surrounding the renouncement by Petroleum Development (Oman and Dhofar) Limited of the concession for Dhofar and the Iraq Petroleum Company's view on this.The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent, Muscat (Ralph Ingram Hollows); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (William Rupert Hay); the Eastern Department, Foreign Office; the Political Agent, Bahrain; General Manager, Iraq Petroleum Company (Stephen Hemsley Longrigg); and the Representative for Petroleum Development (Oman and Dhofar) Limited (Richard Bird).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 30; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
10. 'File 14/15 Middle East Oil'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file is comprised of a paper produced by the Political Intelligence Centre (Middle East Forces): 'Paper No. 80: Middle East Oil' dated 28 March 1946.The paper (ff 4-17) includes a précis and then lists the oil-producing countries of the Middle East with their oil concessions and assessment of their known oil reserves and future potential (Persia; Iraq; Egypt; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; Qatar). Further analysis concerns the importance and potential of Middle East oil placed in a world context. The paper also includes a table 'World Oil Production and Reserves, 1944' listed by region.A further section list exploratory work being undertaken in non-producing areas (Syria and Lebanon; Palestine; Muscat, Oman and Dhofar; Trucial Coast; Turkey; Transjordan; Cyprus; Yemen; Aden Protectorate). The report also includes a map 'Middle East Oil - Secret' (folio 12) and a distribution list.Also included in the file is a copy of an article 'Big Oil Boom in Saudi Arabia' from the New York Timesand Statesman Special Service, 4 December 1946.The principal correspondents are: the Head of the Political Intelligence Centre, Middle East Forces, Cairo (Colonel J G Clarke); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; and the Political Agent, Muscat.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 19; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
11. 'File 14/1- Vol 6 OIL CONCESSIONS MUSCAT'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to oil concessions in the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman:Topics discussed include:Use of airfields by Petroleum Concessions LimitedExplorations in Oman by the Iraq Petroleum CompanyA map of concession areas in the Middle EastDemarcation of the Muscat/Aden boundaryExplorations for oil in Hadhramaut, Mahra, and Dhofar.Included in the file is a copy (folio 83) of the letter in 1929 from Sultan Taymūr bin Fayṣal bin Turkī Āl Bū Sa‘īd to the Political Agent, Muscat (Gerald Patrick Murphy concerning the boundaries of Dhofar province.Also included (ff 94-95) are the 'Instructions to Field Party for Geological Reconnaissance of Southeastern Hadramhaut, the Mahra and Dhofar'.The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent, Muscat (Ralph Ingham Hollows); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (William Rupert Hay); the Political Agent, Bahrain; Iraq Petroleum Company (Stephen Hemsley Longrigg); the Manager, Petroleum Concessions (Trucial Coast) Limited, (Basil Henry le Riolet Lermitte); and Representative for Petroleum Concessions (Trucial Coast) Limited (Richard Bird).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 219; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
12. 'File 14/1 PCL termination of Dhufar concession'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file comprises two items of correspondence concerning the termination of the concession held by Petroleum Development (Oman and Dhofar) Limited for oil exploration in Dhofar. The correspondence is between Basil Henry le Riolet Lermitte and the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd].The file also includes a letter from Lermitte to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (William Rupert Hay) informing that the Sultan had approved the arrangements in which the separate concession for Dhofar was renounced.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 6; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.