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25. '1899. THE LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON. CORRESPONDENCE WITH SECRETARY OF STATE, LORD SALISBURY, & A. GODLEY.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume comprises printed copies of correspondence, dated 22 January 1898-29 December 1899, of Lord Curzon of Kedleston, Viceroy and Governor-General of India, with Lord Salisbury [Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury], Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and Sir John Arthur Godley, Permanent Under-Secretary of State for India.The beginning of the volume contains a detailed index of names, places and subjects (ff 3-21). This is followed by correspondence from Lord Salisbury and Arthur Godley to Lord Curzon, numbered 1-78 (ff 22-180) and correspondence from Lord Curzon to Lord Salisbury and Godley, numbered 1-66 (ff 185-354).A wide variety of subjects are covered, including matters relating to:Afghanistan, including the Amir [Amīr ‘Abd al-Raḥmān Khān] and Russian relations with AfghanistanThe Army in IndiaThe Persian Gulf, particularly the traffic of arms and the activities of other European powers in the regionBritish policy and political relations in India, including Native StatesHealth and disease, particularly plagueChina, including Russian activity in the country and China's claims over TibetFinancial and administrative mattersEcclesiastical affairs in IndiaEducation in IndiaFamine in IndiaBritish relations with France, including negotiations regarding Siam [Thailand] and AfricaProposals for and construction and extension of railways in British India, Persia, Afghanistan, and ChinaRecommendations and awards of Honours of the United Kingdom to the British Indian Army and Government and to indigenous Indian rulers and dignitariesJudicial affairs in IndiaThe Koweit [Kuwait] Protectorate, including relations with TurkeyMuscat, namely British policy in the region and relations with France, Germany, and RussiaBritish policy in Persia [Iran]British relations with Russia notably in connection with India, Persia, Afghanistan, China and TibetThe prospect of war in the Transvaal [South African Republic]TradeAgriculture.Folio 182 is a newspaper cutting. There is no date and it is not certain which publication it has been taken from. The contents of the article appear unrelated to that of anything in the volume and thus it is likely that it has been misfiled.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 354; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.Pagination: the volume also contains two original printed pagination sequences.
26. '1901. THE LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON. TELEGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INDIA.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume comprises printed copies of telegraphic correspondence, dated 1 January-30 December 1901, of Lord Curzon of Kedleston, Viceroy and Governor-General of India, with Lord George Hamilton, Secretary of State for India.The beginning of the volume contains a detailed index of names, places and subjects (ff 3-14). This is followed by telegrams from the Secretary of State to Lord Curzon, numbered 1-428 (ff 15-72) and telegrams from Lord Curzon to the Secretary of State, numbered 1-461 (ff 74-150).Much of the correspondence covers subjects related to British India, including:The Indian Army and military mattersFrontiers, and the creation of a new Frontier ProvinceFinancial and administrative mattersMilitary and civil appointmentsLocal affairs in various Provinces and Princely StatesConstruction and management of railwaysManagement of telegraphic communicationsThe Famine Commission following the Indian famine of 1899-1900The establishment of a prisoner of war camp at Ahmednagar for prisoners from the War in the Transvaal [Second Boer War]Proposals from the Bishop of Calcutta for re-organising the Anglican Church in India, including raising his see to an ArchbishopricRecommendations and awards of Honours of the United Kingdom to members of the British Indian Army and Government and to indigenous Indian rulers and dignitariesMatters relating to the activities of the Viceroy of India.Other subjects covered include matters relating to:The Aden Protectorate, including the delimitation of the Aden boundary and relations with Turkey [the Ottoman Empire]Afghanistan, including the death of the Amir [‘Abd al-Raḥmān Khān], relations with Russia, and the import of German armamentsBritish Burma [Myanmar]China, including the Boxer Rebellion [Yihetuan Movement]Hostilities between Nejd [Najd] and Koweit [Kuwait], and considerations of a potential British protectorate over KoweitMuscat and Oman, including French activities at MuscatPersia [Iran], including Russian influence and a proposed British loanTibet, including unsuccessful attempts by Curzon to make contact with the Dalai LamaThe progress of the War in the TransvaalThe death of Queen Victoria, and memorial arrangements in India and the UKA dispute between the India Office and professors at Cooper’s Hill College [the Royal Indian Engineering College] over proposed reforms.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 150; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.Pagination: the volume also contains two original pagination sequences.
27. ‘1903. THE LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON. TELEGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INDIA.’
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume comprises printed copies of telegraphic correspondence, dated 1 January-31 December 1903, of Lord Curzon of Kedleston, Viceroy and Governor-General of India, with Lord George Hamilton, Secretary of State for India until October 1903, and then St John Brodrick.The beginning of the volume contains a detailed index of names, places and subjects (ff 3-12). This is followed by telegrams from the Secretary of State to Lord Curzon, numbered 1-520 (ff 15-97) and telegrams from Lord Curzon to the Secretary of State for India, numbered 1-512 (ff 99-195).A wide variety of subjects are covered, including matters relating to:The Aden Protectorate, notably the delimitation of the Aden boundary and relations with Turkey [Ottoman Empire]Afghanistan, including the Amir [Amīr Ḥabībullāh Khān] and Russian relations with AfghanistanThe Army in IndiaBritish policy and political relations in India, including Native StatesWar in the Transvaal [Second Boer War], in particular the transfer of prisoners of warBills proposed and passed by the Government of IndiaFinancial and administrative mattersMatters of tradeA ceremony to mark the Coronation of King Edward VII (as King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India) including the Delhi Coronation Durbar and its costsRailways, including proposals, construction and extensions in India and the Arabian PeninsulaRecommendations and awards of Honours of the United Kingdom to the British Indian Army and Government and to indigenous Indian rulers and dignitariesKoweit [Kuwait], including the Sheikh [Shaikh Mubārak bin Ṣabāḥ Āl Ṣabāḥ], British political representation in the country, and Koweit’s relations with Russia, France, and Nejd [Najd]Muscat, including the Sultan [Sayyid Fayṣal bin Turkī Āl Bū Sa‘īd], British policy in the country, and Muscat’s relations with FranceBritish policy in Persia [Iran] and the Persian Gulf, particularly in Seistan [Sistan]British relations with Russia, particularly in the contexts of Afghanistan, India, Central Asia and PersiaMilitary operations in the Somaliland Protectorate [the Republic of Somaliland]British policy in Tibet, including preparations for the December 1903 invasion.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 195; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.Pagination: the volume also contains two original printed pagination sequences.
28. '1904-05. THE LORD CURZON. TELEGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE WITH SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INDIA. COMMENCING FROM DECEMBER 1904.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume comprises printed copies of telegraphic correspondence, dated 8 December 1904-18 November 1905, of Lord Curzon of Kedleston, Viceroy and Governor-General of India, with St John Brodrick, Secretary of State for India.The beginning of the volume contains a detailed index of names, places and subjects (ff 5-12). This is followed by telegrams from the Secretary of State to Lord Curzon, numbered 1-468 (ff 13-83) and telegrams from Lord Curzon to the Secretary of State, numbered 1-490 (ff 85-188).Much of the correspondence covers subjects related to British India, including:The 1905 Partition of BengalArrangements for a tour of British India by the Prince and Princess of WalesAn earthquake in Punjab Province [in present-day Himachal Pradesh] on 4 April 1905The Indian Army and military mattersFinancial and administrative mattersMilitary and civil appointmentsLocal affairs in various Provinces and Princely StatesConstruction and management of railwaysManagement of telegraphic communicationsRecommendations and awards of Honours of the United Kingdom to members of the British Indian Army and Government and to indigenous Indian rulers and dignitariesMatters relating to the activities of the Viceroy of India, including Curzon’s resignation and the appointment of the Earl of Minto as his successor.Other subjects covered include matters relating to:The Aden Protectorate, including the delimitation of the Aden boundaryAfghanistan, including the Dane Mission to negotiate a treaty with the Amir [Ḥabīballāh Khān]The imposition of increased British authority in Bahrein [Bahrain]British Burma [Myanmar/Burma] and the frontier with ChinaKoweit [Kuwait]Muscat and Oman, including the hoisting of flags on the Musandim [Musandam] PeninsulaPersia [Iran], including Russian influence and a proposed British loanThe aftermath of the Younghusband Expedition [British Expedition to Tibet], including negotiations for a treaty with China regarding Tibet.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 188; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.Pagination: the volume also contains two original pagination sequences.
29. 'No. 1. Memorandum: Relations between Persia and Iraq'
- Description:
- Abstract: The memorandum is concerned with a recent deterioration in diplomatic relations between Iraq and Persia; particular focus is given to the following issues:Persia's refusal to officially recognise Iraq;Persia's desire for judicial privileges for its subjects within Iraq;border disputes between Iraq and Persia, with a historical overview from 1842;the policy of the British Government.It also includes a list (folios 4v-5) of recent events between August 1927 and May 1928, which have impacted relations between Iraq and Persia.It has been signed by Charles William Baxter, Foreign Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 5; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the file contains an original printed paginated sequence.
30. 'No. 1. Memorandum: American Advisers for Persia'
- Description:
- Abstract: The memorandum briefly outlines the historical basis of Britain's interest in Persia, and the development of relations between the two countries; this includes the development and abandonment of the Anglo-Russian and Anglo-Persian agreements. It also contains a brief assessment of Persia's finances, Persia's debt to Britain, and provides an explanation of Persia's strategic importance to Britain. A list of principles, upon which future British policy towards Persia should be based, can be found on folios 2v-3.The author is George Nathaniel Curzon, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The purpose of the memorandum is to explain the interest of the Persian Government in appointing an American financial adviser, and to explain why the British Government supports this proposal.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 3; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
31. Papers of the War Cabinet's Eastern Committee
- Description:
- Abstract: This file is composed of papers produced by the War Cabinet's Eastern Committee, which was chaired by George Curzon for most of its existence. The file contains a complete set of printed minutes, beginning with the committee's first meeting on 28 March 1918, and concluding with its final meeting on 7 January 1919 (ff 6-214 and ff 227-272).The file begins with two copies of a memorandum by Curzon, dated 13 March 1918, proposing the formation of the Eastern Committee. This is followed by a memorandum by Arthur James Balfour, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, approving Curzon's proposal, and a copy of a procedure for the newly created committee, outlining arrangements for committee meetings and the dissemination of information to committee members.Also included is a set of resolutions, passed by the committee in December 1918, in order to guide British representatives at the Paris Peace conference (ff 216-225). The resolutions cover the following: the Caucasus and Armenia; Syria; Palestine; Hejaz and Arabia; Mesopotamia, Mosul, Baghdad and Basra. They are preceded by a handwritten note written by Curzon 'some years later', which remarks on how they are a 'rather remarkable forecast of the bulk of the results since obtained.'Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 272; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
32. Papers of the Mesopotamian Administration (later Middle East) Committee
- Description:
- Abstract: This file mostly consists of minutes of meetings of the War Cabinet's Mesopotamian Administration Committee (later renamed the Middle East Committee), chaired by George Curzon.The papers are chiefly concerned with current and future British policy in Mesopotamia, which during the period covered was under British military occupation. However, the minutes also discuss matters relating to the wider Middle Eastern region, as reflected in the change of name to Middle East Committee in August 1917.In addition to minutes, the file includes the following: a draft report by the committee, dated March 1917, containing recommendations regarding future British policy in Mesopotamia and the wider region (ff 1-2); a letter to George Curzon from Lieutenant-Colonel Mark Sykes, dated 2 July 1917, recommending that the committee be renamed, in order to define its scope and work (ff 24-25).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 39; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
33. Papers Relating to Sir Harford Jones's Residency at Bagdad [Baghdad] and his Diplomatic Mission to Persia [Iran]
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence, memoranda, reports, abridgements, and other papers relating to Sir Harford Jones’s Residency in Bagdad [Baghdad], 1798-1806, and his diplomatic mission to Persia [Iran], 1807-1811. The papers cover a wide range of matters, mostly connected to the following:Jones’s mission to Persia, including accounts, finances, progress, intelligence, and charges made against his conduct by the Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William, Lord MintoRelations between the East India Company and the Pasha of Bagdad, including the former’s departure from Bussora [Basra] and their establishment of a Residency in BaghdadThe upkeep and operation of the Residency in BagdadBritish policy in Persia, especially in connection with French and Russian activity in the region.The majority of the correspondence is between Jones and members of the Secret Committee in London. The enclosures chiefly comprise correspondence between British, Ottoman and French officials, as well as agents and informants, in Persia and the surrounding region.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 712; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
34. Letters and Papers on the Mesopotamia Commission and the Cabinet Committee on Iraq
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains memoranda, correspondence, and other papers relating to the Mesopotamia [Iraq] Commission (the parliamentary commission of inquiry into the Mesopotamia campaign), British policy in relation to Mesopotamia after the First World War, and the Cabinet Committee on Iraq.These papers include:‘MEMORANDUM BY LORD CURZON ON THE REPORT OF THE MESOPOTAMIA COMMISSION.’, printed for the War Cabinet, 4 June 1917 (ff 2-7)‘BRITISH POLICY IN MESPOTAMIA. Memorandum by Lord Curzon.’, 21 September 1917 (ff 14-18)‘PEACE CONFERENCE. MEMORANDUM RESPECTING MESOPOTAMIA.’ (with appendices, some of which are in French), by Sir Erle Richards, printed for the War Cabinet (ff 19-33), which includes three maps on folios 30, 31 and 32 (Mss Eur F112/286, f 30; Mss Eur F112/286, f 31; and Mss Eur F112/286, f 32)Conclusions and draft conclusions of meetings of the Cabinet Committee on Iraq of 8 December 1922 and 18 January 1923 (ff 34-44 and ff 59-64 respectively)The report of the Cabinet Committee on Iraq, 23 March 1923 (ff 70-76)‘Memorandum on the Assyro-Chaldean Situation.’, Foreign Office, 11 October 1923.The correspondence consists of letters to Curzon from: Leopold Charles Maurice Stennett Amery, First Lord of the Admiralty; Sir Eyre Alexander Barby Wichart Crowe, Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; and Ronald McNeill, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. There is also a letter to Robert Gilbert Vansittart, Private Secretary to Lord Curzon (as Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs), for Curzon’s information, from Sir John Evelyn Shuckburgh, Assistant Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies, enclosing a private letter to Shuckburgh from Sir Henry Dobbs, High Commissioner for Iraq, regarding the political situation in Iraq.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 95; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
35. Afghanistan and Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 39 of 1856, dated 27 May 1856. The enclosures are dated 22 March-23 May 1856.The enclosures notably comprise the following:A despatch from the Secretary to the Government of India to the Secretary to the Government of Bombay concerning the situation with regard to Herat and current Persian [Iranian] aggression against the town, and whether or not instructions from the Secret Committee debar the Government of India from all action in the matter. The despatch covers:The original request by Mahomed Yusuf [Muḥammad Yūsuf, also spelled Yoosuf and Yussuf in this item], Ruler of Herat, for Persian assistance against a feared attack by Dost Mahomed Khan [Dūst Muḥammad Khān Bārakzāy], and his dismissal of the Persian envoy who was sent to liaise with the Persian Army but actually joined them in their advance towards Ghorian [Ghurian or Ghoryan]The subsequent hoisting of the British flag in Herat and request of the Ruler and inhabitants of Herat for British money and an Agent to aid their resistance of the Persians, and the Government of India’s wish to disclaim any connection with those actionsThe Government of India’s belief that they cannot assist Herat as the Secret Committee’s instructions were based on Persia and Herat combining against Dost Mahomed Khan rather than Persia acting against both Herat and Candahar [Kandahar, also spelled this way in this item]Disapprobation by the Government of India of Lieutenant-Colonel John Jacob, Acting Commissioner in Sind [Sindh] for effectively speaking in the name of the British Government on a matter of national importance by replying directly to Mahomed Yusuf that the British Government had no intention of interfering in Herat.The enclosures also include:Copies of intelligence (ff 257-261) received by Jacob from the Acting Political Superintendent on the Frontier of Upper Sind relating to Herat (notably from sources in Kelat [Kalat]), and forwarded to the Governor of Bombay, reporting the besieging of Herat by the Persian Army, the apparent intention of Dost Mahomed Khan to send an army for its relief, the surrender of Mahomed Yusuf to the Persian force and the advance of a portion of the Persian Army towards Candahar against Dost Mahomed KhanCorrespondence of Rear Admiral Sir Henry J Leeke, Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Navy, with the Government of Bombay, regarding which vessels should remain in the Persian Gulf during the monsoon season, including: Leeke’s strong recommendation that the Ajdahaand Semiramisbe ordered back to Bombay [Mumbai] before the monsoon for repairs and that the Victoriais better suited for the Gulf; the Government of Bombay’s agreement that the Semiramisreturn to Bombay when the Victoriaarrives at Bushire [Bushehr], but that the Ajdaharemains at Bushire on the express wishes of the Political ResidentCorrespondence of Commander Felix Jones, Acting Resident, Persian Gulf, with the Government of Bombay, concerning a ‘venomous article’ in the Bombay Timeson the supposed cause of the rupture between the British Mission at Tehran and the Persian Government, including his admonishment of Commodore Richard Ethersey, Commander of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf, regarding the impropriety of naval officers discussing public questions in their private letters.Physical description: 1 item (36 folios)
36. Middle East Committee and Eastern Committee
- Description:
- Abstract: This file relates to two War Cabinet committees: the Middle East Committee (originally named the Mesopotamian Administration Committee), and the Eastern Committee, both chaired by George Curzon.The first half of the file consists almost entirely of printed minutes of meetings of the Middle East Committee, dated 19 January, 26 January, 2 February, and 18 February 1918 respectively (ff 2-9). The main topics of discussion in these minutes are British policy in Palestine and future British policy in Mesopotamia.The second half of the file contains correspondence received by Curzon regarding the workings of the Eastern Committee, which inherited the responsibilities of the Middle East Committee (ff 10-21). The correspondents are as follows: Maurice Pascal Alers Hankey, War Cabinet; Edwin Samuel Montagu, Secretary of State for India; Robert Cecil, Foreign Office. The letters discuss the dissemination of the committee's minutes among military representatives, the frequency and attendees of committee meetings, and whether the committee should be severed from the War Cabinet and absorbed by the Foreign Office's recently created Middle East Department. One letter touches on Anglo-Persian relations.Also included is a note by Curzon, dated 27 October 1918, regarding a memorandum from the advisory committee of the Foreign Office's Eastern Department (ff 17-18).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the final folio with 21; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.