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49. 'File 19/191 I (C 27) Bahrain, Persian Claim To'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence between British officials in Bushire, Bahrain and India regarding the Persian government's claim of sovereignty over the island of Bahrain. The broader historical context of Persia's claim to the territory is outlined in detail in the documents.The likelihood of the Persian claim being taken to the League of Nations is discussed as is the alleged role of Russian support in encouraging the Persian government to push their claim.Correspondence regarding Persian 'agitation' and propaganda efforts on the island are also contained in the file, including a translation of an article published in a Persian newspaper criticising Britain and supporting the Persian goverment's claim to Bahrain.Physical description: Originally a bound correspondence volume, the file's sheets have been unbound and are now loose. Foliation starts on first page with writing (2nd folio in volume). Small encircled numbers in pencil on top right corner of recto. Correspondence in Arabic (f.185-f.187) is foliated on verso. There are two foliation errors: f.108A and f.108B; f.198A and f.198B.The 4 blank pages after f.223 are not foliated. Additional pagination starts with page 1 on f.4. In this system, only pages with writing are counted.
50. 'File 19/194 (C 36) Proposal that Political Agent, Bahrain, should be Consul at Qatif'
- Description:
- Abstract: A file that records details of a proposal to appoint the Political Agent in Bahrain as Consul in Qatif. The idea is not approved by the Government of India or Whitehall, primarily due to fears that such a move would provoke Bin Saud to make a counter-request for a Consul of his own to be appointed in Bahrain.The file contains letters to/from the Agency in Bahrain, the Government in Simla, India and the British Government in London.Physical description: A bound correspondence file. The volume is foliated from the first page to the inside cover, with small uncircled numbers in the top-right corner of each front-facing page. There is an index (with page numbers) of the topics contained in the file on folio 1c.
51. 'File 19/198 (C 75) Bahrain - Khor Kaliya'
- Description:
- Abstract: The bulk of the documents contained in this file relate to a proposal to construct a harbour at Khor Kaliya in Bahrain. A map of the relevant area is contained on folio 3B. The pros and cons of building the harbour are discussed at length, as are matters related to financing the project and the engineering work required to complete it.Documents in the file also discuss an idea for the establishment of a Chamber of Commerce in Bahrain, agitation in Bahrain that occurred after a government proclamation regarding inheritance regulations and a broader discussion concerning Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa and the nature of his rule of the country at the time.Physical description: A bound correspondence file. Foliation starts on first page with writing (3rd page in volume) and continues to end. Foliation in pencil in circled numbers in top right corner of recto. Additional foliation sequence of uncircled numbers starts on f.2. f.3B is kept inside an envelope attached to f.3A. The following foliation errors occur: f.1 is followed by f.1A, f.1B. Instead of f.3 we have f.3a and f.3b. f.51 is followed by f.51A, f.51B. f.54 is followed by f.54A, f.54B.
52. 'File 19/209 I (C 73) Bahrain Ruling Family's Desire To Visit Other States'
- Description:
- Abstract: Documents in this file relate to planned (and actual) visits made by Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa to other states between 1930 and 1936.The majority of the documents in the file relate to Hamad's official visit to Great Britain in June 1936. The rationale behind his visit and the practicalities required to arrange it are discussed in detail. An official pamphlet of Hamad's itinerary while on the trip is contained on f.156.The file also contains correspondence after the trip had been successfully completed and Hamad had returned to Bahrain. This includes discussion of an (untrue) rumour that Hamad had married a Scottish woman while in London that was published by a newspaper based in Beirut.Physical description: A bound correspondence file. Foliated with pencil number in top-right corner of each front-facing page, from Front Cover to Interior Back Cover. Folio 150 bound out of place (between 153 and 154).
53. 'File 19/218 (C 84) Bahrain Succession'
- Description:
- Abstract: The documents contained in this file relate to issues regarding succession in Bahrain after the death of Shaikh Isa bin Ali Al Khalifa in 1932 and Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa in 1942.The file contains detailed discussions of the personality of Shaikh Hamad as well as assessments of the character of Hamad's three most-likely successors, his uncle Shaikh Abdullah bin Ali Al Khalifa and two of Hamad's sons, Salman and Abdullah.The succession of Salman as Hamad's successor is discussed in detail and a report regarding the circumstances of Hamad's death (from a stroke) is also contained.Physical description: Loose, unbound sheets in a file. Foliation - circled pencil numbers on the top right-hand corner of each front-facing page - starts on the front cover of the file and continues until the inside cover. The file has an inconsistent foliation system in uncircled pencil numbers also on the top right-hand corner of each front-facing page. Foliation errors: 9A and 9B
54. 'File 19/243 I (C 69) Zubarah'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence related to tensions between Bahrain (and the Al Naim tribe) and Qatar concerning the ownership of Zubarah on the Qatar peninsula that took place between March and June 1937.At this time, the Al Naim tribe were allied to the Al Khalifa ruling family of Bahrain who claimed Zubarah as a part of their own territory (the family had been based there before their conquest of Bahrain in 1783). The British authorities did not recognise the Al Khalifa's claim to Zubarah and mediated between the two sides. The file contains extensive details of this mediation process.Physical description: A bound correspondence volume of which the front and back covers have become unattached.The main foliation sequence starts at the title page and continues through to the 2nd folio from the back of the volume; these numbers are written in pencil, circled and can be found in the top right of the recto side of each folio.A second foliation sequence, also written in pencil but not circled starts on f.2 and runs to f.204; these numbers can also be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. This system forks on f.30 to form a third foliation sequence, which is out of step with the second sequence due to the fact the 1st folio marked with this sequence is labelled with a range; these numbers are also not circled, written in pencil and can be found in the same position as the other two sequences.Foliation Errors: 1A and 1B.
55. 'File 19/243 IV Zubarah'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence about on-going tensions between Bahrain and Qatar regarding the ownership of Zubarah after the Al Khalifa and Al Thani families had signed an agreement (mediated by the British) in 1944. The correspondence discusses disagreements between Bahrain and Qatar concerning their interpretation of the wording of the 1944 agreement and also the emigration of the Al Bu Rumaih tribe from Bahrain to Qatar (without permission of the ruler of Bahrain, Shaikh Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa).On folios 8-4, the file contains a summary of all the key events related to the dispute over Zubarah from 1766 until 1946.A small sketch map of Zubarah and the surrounding area is contained on folio 117.Physical description: Formerly a correspondence file bound with treasury tags, the file's pages have been unbound and are now loose.There are three incomplete foliation sequences and one complete foliation sequence. The complete sequence is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of each folio. It begins on the front cover, on number 1, and runs through to 161, ending on the inside of the back cover of the file.f.117 is stored in an envelope (f.116).
56. 'File 19/243 II (C 72) Zubarah'
- Description:
- Abstract: File contains correspondence related to hostilities that occurred between the forces of Shaikh Abdullah bin Qassim Al Thani of Qatar and the Al Naim tribe that took place in June and July 1937.At this time, the Al Naim tribe was allied to the Al Khalifa ruling family of Bahrain who claimed Zubarah as a part of their own territory (the family had been based there before their conquest of Bahrain in 1783). The British authorities did not recognise the Al Khalifa's claim to Zubarah and did not intervene on their behalf. Hostilities ended in July 1937 and Shaikh Rashid bin Muhammad, Chief of the Al Naim tribe, agreed to recognise the rule of the Al Thani family over Zubarah.The file also contains a map of Qatar (folio 164) and four aerial photographs of Zubarah (folios 160-163).Physical description: A bound correspondence file. Foliation starts on first page of text, top right hand circled number. Ends on last page in volume. A second foliation penciled, uncircled from folio 1a-209.
57. 'File 23/15, 19 I (D 89) Mesopotamia - General'
- Description:
- Abstract: All the contents of this file relate to Irak [Iraq] between 1918 and 1933.The file includes:A report of the killing of Mr J.H Bill (Indian Civil Service) and Captain K.R Scott (31st Punjabis, Indian Army) by a Kurdish tribal force near Aqrah in 1919 (f 7).A copy of a telegram sent to King Hussein of Mecca requesting one of his sons to be sent to occupy the throne of Iraq (f 27b).A letter from P.Z Cox, the British High Commissioner for Iraq to Winston Churchill, Secretary of State for the Colonies regarding the borders of Iraq (ff 50-52).A rough sketch map of the Nerva and Raikan districts of Iraq (f 54)A map of the Turco-Persian frontier (f 55)A cutting from al awqaat al iraqiyya(The Times of Mesopotamia) containing full text (in English) of the Anglo-Iraq Treaty 1922 (f 64).A detailed report concerning the practicalities of travelling from Baghdad to London via Aleppo and Beirut (ff 79-83)A copy of the Anglo-Iraq Treaty of 1926 (f 104)Other matters discussed in the file include a proposed visit to Kuwait by King Faisal of Iraq, an idea for Iraqis to be sent for training to British consulates in the region and reports concerning the activities of 'anti-British' Persian clerics ( mujathids) in Iraq.Physical description: A bound correspondence volume. The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled and can be found in the top right of the recto side of each folio. A second foliation sequence which is also written in pencil, but not circled, runs between ff 5-207. In addition to this, a very short sequence runs between ff 2D-4. Circled index numbers written in red crayon are also present in the volume.Foliation anomalies: 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D; 27A and 27B; 88A and 88B; 159A, 159B and 159C; 163A and 163B
58. ‘File 16/30 Visits of shaikhs, notables and others to Bahrain.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence and other papers relating to the visits of foreign dignitaries (chiefly rulers from the shaikhdoms along the Arab coast of the Gulf) to Bahrain. The majority of the correspondence details the movements of these dignitaries, and their arrival in or departure from Bahrain, as reported by the Political Agent at Bahrain, other Political Agents in the Gulf, the Residency Agent at Sharjah, and officers on board Royal Navy vessels in the Gulf. The file also includes letters (in Arabic, most with English translations) from a number of Arab rulers, including the Ruler of Bahrain, Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah.Visits to Bahrain covered by the file include:in 1932, the French Consul Georges Cassin. Cassin’s visiting card is affixed to the first page of file notes (f 63);in 1939, a visit by King Ibn Saoud [sic] of Saudi Arabia [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd (Ibn Sa‘ūd)]. A copy of a programme of events for Ibn Saud’s visit is included in the file (ff 48-49), as is a transcript of a speech by Ibn Saud’s secretary, Shaikh Yosouf Yasim (ff 45-46);a letter from Parker Thompson Hart, American Consul at Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, dated 28 July 1949, informing the Agency that regular visits to Bahrain by American consular officials are planned for the future (f 60).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 73; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are present in parallel between ff 2-72; these numbers are also written in pencil, but either are not circled, or are crossed through.
59. 'File 19/191 II (C 38) Bahrain, Persian Claim To'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence related to the Persian Government's claim to sovereignty over Bahrain. Specifically, the file contains correspondence concerning a (failed) attempt by the Persian Inspector General of Customs to land at Bahrain, discussions as to whether Persia should be allowed to open a consulate in Bahrain, the Persian Government's appeal to the League of Nations in Geneva and broader discussions concerning the history of Bahrain, Persia's claim to it and the composition (and size) of the Persian community in the country.The file contains a number of translations of articles from the Persian press that criticised the British role in Bahrain (and the Gulf more broadly). It also contains a cutting from an article published in London's 'The Evening Standard' (f.113) that attacked Persia's attitude towards the issue.On ff. 188 - 196, the file contains a summary of all the papers then contained in the records of the Government of India that related to the sovereignty of Bahrain from 1819-1870.A report on the composition of the Persian community in Bahrain (written by the Political Agent in Bahrain, Charles Geoffrey Prior) is contained on ff.74 - 78.Physical description: Previously a bound correspondence volume, the file's sheets have been unbound and are now loose.The main foliation system starts at the titlepage and ends on the spine of the volume. This sequence is written in pencil and can be found in the top right hand corner of the recto side of each folio, except for when the verso side of folios are numbered as well. In the latter cases they can be found in the top left corner.A second foliation runs between ff.31-196. This sequence is also written in pencil and found in the top right hand corner of the recto side of each folio.Foliation errors: 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D; 2, 2a and 2b; 22, 22a; 85a and 85b; 116a and 116b; 150A and 150B; 177A and 177B. Pagination: f.5, f.7 and f.9 are on the verso side of the preceding folio.
60. 'File 8/43 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: POLITICS & RELATIONS OF MUSCAT WITH OTHER ARAB CHIEFS – BORDERS: WADI AL QAUR, KALBA & RAS AL KHAIMAH'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns British policy regarding the Sultan of Muscat and Oman's relations with the chiefs of the Trucial coast and other Arab chiefs. The file mostly consists of correspondence between the Political Agent and Consul at Muscat and the Political Residency in Bushire, which follows the Political Agent's recent discovery that the Sultan [Taymūr bin Fayṣal bin Turkī Āl Bū Sa‘īd] had been planning a visit to Abu Thabi [Abu Dhabi] without his knowledge.All of the material is dated 1917, except for the final item in the file: a memorandum dated 30 September 1933, from the Officiating Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch), enclosing a copy of his recent speech to the Trucial Chiefs at Dibai [Dubai] on 23 September 1933.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 12, these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.