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49. Coll 28/87 ‘Persia; Railways; Mirjawa-Duzdap section of Duzdap Railway. Road Communications between Persia & India’
- Description:
- Abstract: Papers relating to the railway line running from Duzdap [Zahedan] via Mirjawa [Mīrjāveh] in Iran, across the border to Nok Kundi in India (now Pakistan).The first section of the file contains papers dated December 1934 to November 1941 (ff 111-184), chiefly exchanged between HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Tehran, Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull-Hugessen, and the Foreign and Political Department of the Government of India. The correspondence concerns the viability of the Duzdap stretch of the railway line which the Government of India are considering withdrawing, and which the Persian Government would like to improve in order to encourage trade between Persia [Iran] and India. This part of the file also contains correspondence relating to improvements of the road running between Nok Kundi and Mirjawa.The second section of the file contains papers dated September 1944 to June 1945 (ff 53-110) and concerns: the British Government’s request to the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs to remove disused rails at the sidings in Mirjawa so that they might be used elsewhere for military purposes; the construction of a railway from Zahidan [Zahedan] to Kerman; maintenance of the Zahidan to Meshed [Mashhad] road as part of a supply line to China; a minute with multiple enclosures written by the Additional Counsellor at the British Embassy in Tehran, Lieutenant-Colonel Everard Huddleston Gastrell, relating to the Iranian Government’s refusal to allow the North Western Railway to remove rails at Mirjawa for war purposes.The third section of the file contains papers dated July 1946 to October 1947 (ff 5-52). The papers relate to the Iranian Government’s desire to take over the Zahidan to Mirjawa railway line, and include a report, sent by the Foreign Department of the Government of India to the British Ambassador at Tehran in June 1947, on the Mirjawa to Zahidan railway, covering its history, and political, strategic and economic aspects (ff 9-31).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 185; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
50. Coll 28/88 ‘Persia; Persian diplomatic and consular representation abroad: general question’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains two letters from HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the British Legation in Tehran, Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull-Hugessen. The first letter, dated 29 December 1934, refers to reports in the Persian press of the termination of appointments of all honorary Persian consuls on 1 January 1935. The second letter, dated 1 August 1935, reports the establishment by the Iranian Government of a number of new diplomatic and consular posts around the world.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 6; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
51. Coll 28/9 ‘Persia; Internal affairs; Shah’s tours in Persia: general situation reports’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence and reports submitted by British officials in Persia [Iran], along with newspaper cuttings collected from the British and Persian press, relating to the Shah of Persia, Reza Shah Pahlavi. Subjects covered include:The Shah’s tours and visits around Persia, including to the towns and cities of Sistan [Zabol], Bushire, Shiraz, Meshed [Mashhad], Kermanshah, Tabriz, Ahwaz [Ahvāz].Reports of economic and political conditions in Persia.The first Minister of the Persia Court, Teymourtache [Abdolhossein Teymūrtāsh], including his dismissal by the Shah in 1933, and his subsequent trial, imprisonment and death.Speculation over the health of the Shah.Treatment of the Bakhtiari tribes by the Shah and his Government.The Shah’s programme of modernisation in Persia, including the enforcement of European hats for men and unveiling of women, military reforms, and schemes for urban development.A rebellion and massacre at the Goharshad shrine in Meshed in July 1935, provoked by a backlash against the Shah’s modernising tendencies. Papers include a secret report written by the British Consul-General for Khorasan and Sistan, Major Clive Kirkpatrick Daly (ff 218-222).Principal correspondents in the file include: the British Legation at Tehran (Reginald Hervey Hoare; Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull-Hugessen; Nevile Montagu Butler); the Chargé d’Affaires at Tehran (Victor Alexander Louis Mallet); the British Consul-General for Khorasan and Sistan (Daly).Newspaper cuttings from the Persian press are written in French.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 510; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The front and back covers, along with the two leading and two ending flyleaves have not been foliated. A previous foliation sequence, which is present in parallel between ff 222-510 and is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
52. Coll 28/85 ‘Persia. Relations with H.M.G. Anglo-Persian Oil Company.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence concerning diplomatic relations between the British and Persian Governments over the concession and operations of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company Limited (from 1935, Anglo-Iranian Oil Company Limited), referred to as APOC hereafter. The file includes: correspondence dated 1933 to 1935 from the British Consul at Kermanshah, reporting progress of the construction of APOC’s oil refining facilities at Kermanshah; correspondence dated 1939 and 1940 reporting on the Shah of Persia [Reza Shah Pahlavi] and his Government’s efforts to renegotiate the terms of the APOC concession, in light of the heightened strategic importance of APOC’s oil production to Britain during wartime conditions; correspondence dated 1941 reporting on wartime developments, the likelihood of German occupation of Iran, and the threat to APOC oil production in the country. The file also includes: two bound and printed copies of the APOC Concession 1933-1993, printed in French and English, and accompanied by a fold-out map of the concession area (ff 127-149, ff 150-172); an illustrated brochure, published by APOC in 1924 to commemorate the company’s stand at the British Empire Exhibition at Wembley in 1924 (ff 109-126).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 188; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
53. Coll 28/3 ‘Persia. Financial situation’
- Description:
- Abstract: Papers reporting on the financial situation in Persia [Iran] sent by staff at the British Legation at Tehran (Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull-Hugessen; Horace James Seymour; Nevile Montagu Butler) to the Foreign Office, London. The letters frequently refer to reports or statements produced by the Government of Iran, or the Bank Melli Iran (the National Bank of Iran, also referred to in the volume as the Banque Mellié Iran, or Bank Mellié Iran) that were enclosed with the originals, which are not included in the file. However, many of the letters do contain summary descriptions and commentaries of the items that were enclosed.The reports include:summaries of the general economic situation in PersiaPersian currency and exchange problemsthe economic situation and actions of the Bank Melli Iran, and the Government of IranPersia’s gold and silver reserves, in relation to coinage and notesannual reports issued by the Bank Melli Irantranslated copies of reports from the Board of Control of ReservesIranian budget announcementsGovernment receipts and expenditure on various economic sectors including industry, railways, agricultureThe volume includes numerous cuttings and typewritten extracts taken from the newspapers Le Journal de Teheran, and Le Messager de Teheran, all of which are in French. Also included is an annual report in French ( Bilan de L’Exercise) for the Bank Melli Iran, published 20 March 1937 (ff 24-42).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 190; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The front and back covers, along with the two leading and two ending flyleaves, have not been foliated.
54. Coll 28/35 ‘Flying of Flags in; Persian Regulations re. flying of flags by foreigners in Persia. In. of Consular buildings’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence concerning the flying of flags and the positioning of flag staffs at British consular buildings in Persia [Iran], including at Britain’s naval base on the island of Henjam [Jazīreh-ye Hengām], and the British Consulate at Bandar Abbas [Bandar-e ʻAbbās]. The file begins in 1931 with an objection from the Persian Government of the flying of a British flag (the Red Ensign) at buildings in Persian territory, operated by the Imperial and International Communications Company. Subsequent correspondence discusses:The question of whether the Imperial and International Communications Company is entitled, as a private concern, to fly the national flag.The significance to the Persian authorities of flag staffs as claims of territorial sovereignty.Instructions issued to British consular properties in Persia in 1932 to remove flag staffs from their grounds, and to instead fly their flags from the roof of consular buildings.National holidays on which foreign missions and consulates might fly their flags in Persia, with a list of dates on folio 78.Reciprocal measures, imposed by the Government of India, limiting the flying of flags by Persian officials in India.The file’s principal correspondents are: the British Legation at Tehran (Major Percy Charles Russell Dodd, Reginald Hervey Hoare; Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull Hugesson); the Foreign Office (George William Rendel, Lacy Baggallay); the India Office (Charles William Baxter); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh Vincent Biscoe; Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard William Craven Fowle).The file contains a small number of items written in French.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 289; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
55. Coll 28/37 ‘Persia. Position of British Subjects & British Protected persons under Persian Nationality Law.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence and other papers relating to the status of British Indian subjects and British-protected persons in Persia [Iran], in the wake of the ratification of the Persian Law of Nationality in 1929. Correspondence is chiefly exchanged between representatives of the British Legation at Tehran, the Foreign Office, the Government of India’s Foreign and Political Department, and the India Office. The file includes:Correspondence between British officials over the status of persons of Kashmiri and Kurrami origin, now resident in Persia.English-translated copies of the Persian Law of Nationality of 1929, along with subsequent supplementary articles and revisions.Sample copies of statutory declarations for British Indians and British-protected subjects living in Persia.The file contains a number of items in French (Government of Persia correspondence) and a single item in Persian (f 67).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 555; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-552; these numbers are also written in pencil and. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
56. Coll 28/38 ‘Persia. Trade. Trade Tables 1929/30 to’
- Description:
- Abstract: Copies of correspondence sent by the British Legation at Tehran (including Commercial Secretary F A G Gray, and Envoys Extraordinary & Ministers Plenipotentiary, Horace James Seymour, Reader William Bullard), distributing and providing comment on Persian [Iranian] foreign trade statistics, generally in the form of quarterly returns. Included amongst the correspondence are copies of statistical tables illustrating various aspects of Persian foreign trade, arranged under the headings of imports and exports, and further organised by commodities and trading partners. The papers provide illustration of changes in trading patterns into and out of Persia prior to and during the Second World War.The file includes several copies of a Bulletin Mensuel des Douanes(Monthly Customs Bulletin), published by the Administrator General of Customs in the Government of Iran’s Ministry of Finance. The bulletins, which are written in French, cover the periods July/August 1942 (ff 69-78), October/November 1942 (ff 55-64), November/December 1942 (ff 39-48), December 1942/January 1943 (ff 28-38), January/February 1943 (ff 16-26), and June/July 1943 (ff 5-14).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 241; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-241; these numbers are also written in pencil and are circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
57. Coll 7/40(1) 'Arms and ammunition for the Persian Army'
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence regarding a request to supply the Persian [Iranian] Army with grenades, mortars, pistols, and ammunition, conducted between the Government of India External Affairs Department, the Secretary of State for India, the Director of Army Requirements at the War Office, and the India Office External Department and War Staff.Following the initial request, it was determined that the War Office were only able to supply the grenades, as they were unable to meet the ammunition requirements for the mortars without detriment to their own war reserves. The file includes discussion of payment arrangements.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 42; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
58. Coll 28/42 ‘Persia. Motor-car Registration in East Persia. Issue of Driving Licenses and Visas to British & Persian subjects; Indian lorry drivers in Persia.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Papers concerning the issue of licenses and visas for Persian and Indian lorry drivers operating between Duzdap [Zahedan] in the East Persian province of Sistan, and Nok Kundi in British Baluchistan [in present-day Pakistan]. The licenses were issued by the Governments of Persia [Iran] and India.The correspondence includes: reports of social unrest in the border region between Persia and British Baluchistan from 1934 to 1936; the Persian military’s commandeering of lorries driven by Indians for the purposes of transporting Persian troops and provisions; reports of the ‘ill-treatment’ of some Indian drivers by the Persian military; compensation claims made by the British Government against the Persian Government, on behalf of Indian drivers who were injured or killed while driving through dangerous areas; discussion between the British and Persian Governments about the Anglo-Persian Treaty of 1857, and the entitlement of British subjects in Persia to ‘most-favoured nation treatment’.The file’s principal correspondents include: HM’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Tehran, Reginald Hervey Hoare, Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull-Hugesson; the British Consul at Sistan and Kain [Ka’īn], Clive Kirkpatrick Daly; the Foreign Department of the Government of India; the Governor General and Chief Commissioner in Baluchistan.The file contains several items of correspondence and newspaper cuttings in French, and a single item in Persian.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 213; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
59. Coll 28/44 ‘Persia. Internal. Fars affairs & Shiraz situation’
- Description:
- Abstract: The first part of the file (ff 322-420) contains copies of various reports on the internal situation in the district of Fars, most of which were prepared by the British Consul at Shiraz between 1932 and 1939. These reports describe security, public order, economic conditions and agricultural productivity in Fars. Included in these reports is a detailed summary of events in Fars for the year 1936 (ff 352-370), and a report on the economic conditions in Fars in July 1937 (ff 334-346). These reports were written by the British Consul at Shiraz, Arnold Edwards Watkinson.The second part of the file contains papers dated from August 1941 to July 1944 (ff 5-320). These papers concern the situation in Fars in the wake of the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran, and the two Allied powers’ occupation of Iran during the Second World War. These papers concern: the activities of the Qashgai [Qashqai] peoples and their leading representatives, including Muhammad Nasir Khan Qashgai; the Qashgai’s relations and negotiations with the Iranian and British Governments; the general security situation in the Fars district; reports on the whereabouts and activities of German spies believed to be operating in Fars, thought to be seeking influence with the Qashgai; security and defence of the oil refinery at Abadan. The principal correspondents in this part of the file are: the British Consul at Shiraz, Terence Vincent Brenan; HM’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Tehran, Reader William Bullard; the Foreign Office.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 421; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
60. Coll 28/44 ‘Persia; Internal; Fars affairs, Shiraz Situation including Papers on Isfahan Plot.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Papers and reports concerning a rebellion against the Persian Government by the country’s southern tribes (including the Qashqai and Bakhtiari) in the provinces of Isfahan and Fars in August 1946. The papers include: correspondence between the British Ambassador at Tehran, John Haller Le Rougetel, and the Foreign Office in London, reporting on events in Isfahan and Fars; correspondence concerning allegations made by the Persian Government that the British Consul General at Ahwaz [Ahvāz], Alan Charles Trott, was complicit in the rebellion; the British Government’s refutation of the claim; the Persian Government’s demand that the British Government recall Trott; the Persian Government’s eventual acceptance that Trott had no role in the affair; correspondence dated 1947 concerning the proofing and preparation of two reports, entitled The Tribes of Farsand Boir Ahamad,both by Lieutenant G F Magee. A draft copy of The Tribes of Farsconstitutes the contents of the next file in the series: Coll 28/44A ‘Persia; Internal; Fars Affairs; Lt G. F. Magee’s report entitled “The Tribes of Fars”’ (IOR/L/PS/12/3449).The file contains two items written in French: These are statements issued by the Iranian Prime Minister, Ahmad Qavam (ff 139-140).The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 155; these numbers are written in pencil and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.