Abstract: A political note in five sections, entitled:The Turkish Unionists (C.U.P.) [Committee of Union and Progress]The Bolshevik AttitudeArmeniaThe Anatolian NationalistsConclusionThe author, Major Norman Napier Evelyn Bray, discusses the political motivations and relationships of the major forces in Central Asia and the Caucasus, and suggests that Mustafa Kemal Ataturk be strengthened lest the Bolsheviks seize control of the region.An appendix reproduces a Bolshevik document which gives instructions to develop Bolshevik propaganda and institutions in Georgia.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at folio 84 and terminates at folio 87; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The file contains correspondence between the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, the Foreign Office, HM Ambassador at Tehran and the Military Attaché, Tehran, regarding the positive reaction in Iran to the German invasion of the Soviet Union, and describing an attempt by the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to impress upon the Iranian Minister to the UK the consequent danger to Iran of invasion by Germany in the longer term.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 9; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: Correspondence and other papers relating to the withdrawal of Allied (British, Soviet and United States) troops from Persia [Iran] at the end of the Second World War, according to the terms set out in the Anglo-Soviet-Iranian Treaty of Alliance (1942). The correspondence covers: the British Ambassador at Tehran, Reader William Bullard’s concerns that the Soviet Union sought ‘virtual mastery over Persia’ (f 267); the Government of India’s fears over instability and Soviet influence in Persia after the withdrawal of Allied forces; arrangements made by the Foreign Office for British and Indian journalists and newspapers to travel to Persia and report on events there, specifically, the difficulties being made for the Persian Government by a pro-Soviet parliamentary minority and pro-Soviet press, and Britain’s desire for ‘the independence and integrity of Persia’ (ff 280-287); the potential disruption of air services into and out of Persia after the withdrawal of troops; concerns over and arrangements for the maintenance of security at the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company’s facilities in southern Persia; copies of correspondence exchanged between the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Ernest Bevin, and his Soviet counterpart, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov; reports in March 1946 of the withdrawal of Soviet troops from parts of northern Persia, and the arrival of Soviet troops in Azerbaijan and Tabriz.The file’s principal correspondents are: the British Ambassador at Tehran, Reader William Bullard; the Foreign Office; the India Office; the External Affairs Department of the Government of India.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 371; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The file is a direct chronological continuation of Coll 28/10 ‘Persia. Diaries; Meshed Consular Jany 1931 – May 1940. Khorassan Political 1934 – May 1940. Khorassan Fortnightly Reports’ (IOR/L/PS/12/3406), and contains political diary reports, submitted fortnightly (and then monthly from late 1945) by the British Consul-General for Khorassan [Khorāsān] in Meshed [Mashhad] (Giles Frederick Squire; Lieutenant-Colonel Ralph Ponsonby Watts; Reginald Michael Hadow; Clarmont Percival Skrine). The subject matter covered by the diaries changes during the course of the Second World War and immediate post-war period. Between June 1940 and August 1941, the diaries focus on the War, and cover:public opinion in Meshed on developments in EuropeBritish and German radio broadcasts in PersianGerman and British cinema programmes in MeshedGerman interests in Khorassan, including the activities of German individuals, and German commercial interests, including the ordering of raw materials, such as wool and skins, bound for Germanythe Russian invasion of Khorassan and occupation of Meshed in August 1941the abdication of Reza Shah PahlaviFrom late 1941 onwards:the security situation in Khorassanrailway construction and communicationsfood supplies and shortages, with particular emphasis on wheat suppliestransport of supplies, including the activities of the East Persian Auxiliary Transport Service (EPATS) and the United Kingdom Commercial Corporation (UKCC)Russian government and military activitiesGerman and Russian propagandalocal affairs, including Persian (Iranian) government affairs at Khorassan, Birjand, Zabul, Zahedanthe movements in Khorassan of Polish child refugeesThe file also includes four six-monthly reports on the political situation in Khorasan, produced by the Consul-General at Khorasan, spanning the years 1945 and 1946. Minute papers are enclosed in front of most reports, with typewritten notes made by India Office staff commenting on the contents of the report.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 648; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: Correspondence, newspaper cuttings, treaties and other papers, reporting on commercial relations between Persia [Iran] and Russia. The papers cover: a deterioration in relations between Persia and Russia in 1932-33, culminating in the ban on Russian imports into Persia; the Persian Government’s Foreign Trade Monopoly Act of 1933 (ff 218-223); the Irano-Soviet Treaty of Establishment, Commerce and Navigation, agreed between the two nations in 1935; a copy of the treaty in French (ff 101-106); a further printed copy of the treaty in French and Russian (ff 42-85); the termination of the 1935 treaty in 1938; the agreement of a new Treaty of Commerce and Navigation in 1940, created in response to events in the Second World War (ff 3-7).The file’s principal correspondents are: HM’s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Tehran, Reginald Hervey Hoare, Hughe Montgomery Knatchbull Hugesson, Horace James Seymour; the British Chargé d’Affaires at Tehran, Victor Alexander Louis Mallet; the Commercial Secretary at the British Legation in Tehran, Sydney Simmonds; HM’s Ambassador to Russia, the Viscount Chilston, Aretas Akers-Douglas; Noel Hughes Havelock Charles of the British Embassy in Moscow.The file includes several items in French, being newspaper cuttings and texts from the Persian newspapers
Le Messager de Teheranand
Le Journal de Tehran.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 240; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: Correspondence and papers collected in response to an influx of refugees arriving in the northern provinces of Persia [Iran] from Soviet Russia, reaching a peak during 1932 and 1933, as a result of a chronic famine affecting parts of southern Russia.Extracts from consular diaries and intelligence summaries, submitted by the British Consulates and Vice Consulates at Meshed [Mashhad] (Lieutenant-Colonel Cyril Charles Johnson Barrett; Major L G W Hamber; Major Clive Kirkpatrick Daly), Tabriz (Clarence Edward Stanhope Palmer) and Resht [Rasht] (Archibald William Davis).Reports and memoranda on refugees from Russia in Persia (their numbers, condition, treatment at the hands of Russian and Persian authorities, movements) compiled by British officials at Meshed, Tabriz and Resht, and submitted to Government by the British Legation in Tehran (Reginald Hervey Hoare).Correspondence exchanged between India Office and Foreign Office representatives in response to the reports received from Persia, discussing what actions might be taken.Many of the reports and correspondence provide evidence of British officials’ suspicions of Communist (or Bolshevik) conspirators amongst the refugees, whom they suspect of intending to foment unrest in Persia. The papers also give indication of the various different ethnic groups and peoples comprising the refugees from Russia (including Turcoman [Turkmen], Armenian, Khirgis [Kyrgyz], Bukharan Jewish), and differences in the treatment and movements of these different groups, including, for example, Bukharan Jewish refugees’ attempts to obtain visas for travel to Palestine.The file contains a single item of correspondence in French, being a copy of a letter from the Secretary General of the League of Nations (f 9).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 205; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: Printed copies of monthly reports submitted by the British Consul at Sistan and Kain [Ka’īn] (Clarmont Percival Skrine; Major Clive Kirkpatrick Daly).The reports provide information on: the region’s trade; locust observations and movements (occasionally appearing as an appendix to the main report); affairs of the Persian Government and Persian military ; the movements of British consular officials; local affairs at the region’s towns, including Sistan, Birjand, Sarhad (in Persian Baluchistan) and Duzdap [Zahedan]; roads and railways; Afghan affairs; the activities of Soviet Russian Government representatives in the region, including the dissemination of Soviet propaganda; and the movements of foreigners, in particular Europeans and Russians.Minute papers are enclosed with each report, which frequently contain handwritten notes made by India Office staff, making reference to numbered paragraphs from the report.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 209; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers; nor does it include the four leading and ending flyleaves.An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 35-209; these numbers are also written in pencil and circled, but are crossed through.
Abstract: The volume comprises copies of correspondence, minutes and other papers relating to the advance of loans to Persia. Two different loans are discussed:a loan of £100,000, made by the British Government in May 1913 to the Governor-General of Fars (half of which was to be payable by the Government of India), to be utilised towards the maintenance of law and order in southern Persia (specifically in the form of subsidies to be paid to the Fars gendarmerie), and proposed in response to a number of recent attacks on British forces, including the murder of Captain Eckford of the 39th Central India Horse, near Shiraz in December 1912;a joint Anglo-Russian loan to the Persian Government, to the value of £400,000, divided equally between Britain and Russia, with the Government of India paying £100,000 towards the British Government’s share of £200,000.The correspondence deals with arrangements for the payment of the loans, conditions attached to them, the agreement of terms between the British and Russian Governments, the date of commencement of interest repayments.Amongst the conditions discussed are:protection of and provision for British interests in the Persian Gulf, namely Persia’s responsibility for the supply of lighting and buoying in the waters surrounding Persian islands, and protection for Bahrainis and Trucial Coast subjects in Persia;loan interest rates;security against the loans, and repayment of loans, in the form of Persian customs receipts, and opium receipts;mining and railway concessions in Persia, pursued by British and Russian interests.The volume’s principal correspondents are: Sir Walter Beaupre Townley, British Minister at Tehran; Sir Arthur Hirtzel of the India Office; Sir Louis Du Pan Mallet of the Foreign Office; Sir Edward Grey, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.The volume’s core correspondence covers the period January 1913 to February 1914. The earlier start date given for the volume is a result of correspondence included in a secret memorandum on Persian Government loans (ff 13-38), itself dated 17 October 1910, which is an historical précis of loans given to Persia by the British Government and Government of India since 1903.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 238. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-238; these numbers are also written in pencil and are circled, but have been struck through.