Abstract: The volume consists of letters, telegrams, memoranda, and reports relating to the Hajj pilgrimage to the Holy Cities of Mecca and Medina. The majority of the correspondence is between the British Agency (later British Legation) in Jeddah, the Foreign Office, Colonial Office, and Indian Office in London, the British Residencies in Bushire and Aden, the High Commissioners in Cairo and Baghdad, the Political Agencies in Bahrain and Kuwait, and Ibn Sa'ud.Contained in the volume are the annual reports on the pilgrimage composed by the Agent in Jeddah for the years 1929-1935 inclusive. Each report consists of some or all of the following:a general introduction;information on quarantine;statistics;information on health, transport, customs, 'mutawwifs' (pilgrim guides), religious policy, tariffs and the cost of pilgrimage, and pilgrims from other Muslim regions of the British Empire (India, Afghan, Malay, West Africa, Sudan, Iraq, Palestine, Transjordan, Sarawak, Somalia, Zanzibar and East Africa, South Africa, Aden, Hadhramaut, Muscat, Bahrain, and Kuwait).Other documents cover the following subjects:the Hajj under King Hussein and the implications of a Wahhabi conquest of the Holy Cities;an attack on Yemeni pilgrims by the Ikhwan in August 1923 and the subsequent fighting;an Egyptian Medical Mission to Jeddah, Mecca, and Medina to assist with the pilgrimage;Jeddah's water supply;a new motor road between Medina and Najaf;Japanese interest in the pilgrim trade;the formation and progress of a National First-Aid Society in the Hejaz and Nejd;the religious tolerance of the Wahhabis, specifically the kissing of the Black Stone in Mecca.At the back of the volume (folios 205-206) are internal office notes.Physical description: Foliation: The sequence starts on the first folio and continues through to the inside back cover, the numbers written in pencil, circled, and located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The only irregularities are the first three folios (ff 1A-1C).Fold-out folio: f 2.There is an inconsistent and incomplete pagination sequence that is also written in pencil but is not circled.
Abstract: The volume contains letters, telegrams, and memoranda relating to affairs between the British Mandate of Iraq and the Kingdom of Najd and the Hejaz, ruled by Ibn Sa'ud. Most of the correspondence is between the Political Residency in Bushire, the Political Agencies in Bahrain and Kuwait, the High Commissioner in Baghdad, the Colonial Office in London, the Government of India, and Ibn Sa'ud himself.The majority of the volume contains documents relating to affairs along the Najd-Iraq border and is concerned with planning and preparations for a tribunal to settle claims for compensation between the two parties, as stipulated in the Bahra Agreement. The latter half of the volume contains documents relating to an attack by Ikhwan forces on a military post in Basaiyah [al-Başīyah], Iraq, that marked the beginning of the Ikhwan Revolt.Physical description: Foliation: the sequence starts from the spine (which has been separated from the volume) and terminates on the inside back cover. The numbers are written in pencil, circled, and are found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. There are the following irregularities: 1A, 1B, and 1C; 2A and 2B. A second, inconsistent sequence runs between folios 3-223. The numbers are also written in pencil in the same place as the main sequence, but they are not circled.
Abstract: The volume contains telegrams, letters, and reports relating to affairs between Najd, Kuwait, and Iraq. Most of the correspondence is between Lionel Haworth, the Political Resident in Bushire, Henry Dobbs, the High Commissioner in Baghdad, Ibn Sa'ud, the King of the Hejaz and Najd, Leo Amery, the Secretary of State for the Colonies in London, James More, the Political Agent in Kuwait, Cyril Barrett, the Political Agent in Bahrain, and Edward Ellington, the Air Officer Commanding in Iraq, with the Government of India and the Foreign Office in London regularly forwarding copies of correspondence.The volume covers the effect of an attack on a frontier post at Busaiyah [al-Başīyah] in Iraq by the Mutair tribe of the Ikhwan under the leadership of Faisal al-Dawish, their subsequent rebellion, and a later raid by the same group into Kuwaiti territory.The British response to the crisis is the subject of most of the volume, including the proposals and plans for air reconnaissance and bombing in desert areas, and endeavours to set up a personal meeting between Haworth and Ibn Sa'ud.Other subjects are:details of the raids themselves;the danger of a large section of the 'Anizeh tribe residing in Iraq defecting to Syria because of the crisis;Ibn Sa'ud's own attempts to control the situation.Physical description: Foliation: The sequence begins with the spine, which has been separated, and ends on the inside back cover. The numbers are written in pencil, circled, and found in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. There are the following irregularities: 1A, 1B, and 1C; 3A, 3B, and 3C.There is a second sequence running from ff 4-212. It is also written in pencil in the top right corner, but is not circled and is inconsistent.
Abstract: The volume contains telegrams, letters, and reports relating to affairs between Najd, Kuwait, and Iraq. Most of the correspondence is between Lionel Haworth, the Political Resident in Bushire, Henry Dobbs, the High Commissioner in Baghdad, Ibn Sa'ud, the King of the Hejaz and Najd, Leo Amery, the Secretary of State for the Colonies in London, James More, the Political Agent in Kuwait, Cyril Barrett, the Political Agent in Bahrain, Edward Ellington, the Air Officer Commanding in Iraq, and the Government of India.The majority of the volume covers the British response to the crisis following the Ikhwan rebellion and the threat of attack on Kuwaiti and Iraqi territory. The volume contains telegrams, letters, and reports relating to affairs between Najd, Kuwait, and Iraq. The documents reflect the differences in opinion and policy between the High Commissioner in Baghdad, the Colonial Office, the Political Residency in Bushire, and the Government of India; Iraq taking a more warlike approach towards Ibn Sa'ud, while the Political Resident is more cautious and conciliatory.Matters covered by the documents include:the military response to the crisis, including the sending of ships HMS
Emerald,
Crocus, and
Lupinto Kuwait, and air operations in Iraq, Kuwait, and Najd, including a bombing raid on Safah;Ibn Sa'ud's complaints about bombing raids on his territory as breaches of the treaties and agreements the British are bound by;the posting of an Intelligence Officer in Kuwait;the protection of Americans and other Europeans in the area;King Faisal of Iraq's proposal of counter raids against the Ikhwan;the expulsion of Hindu merchants from Qatif and the possible religious reasons for it.Physical description: Foliation: the sequence begins on the first folio and ends on the inside back cover. The numbers are written in pencil, circled, and found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. There are the following irregularities: 1A and 1B; 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, and 2E.
Abstract: The volume consists of letters, telegrams, and reports relating to affairs between the British Mandate of Iraq and the Kingdom of Najd. The majority of the correspondence is between Leo Amery, Secretary of State for the Colonies, Austen Chamberlain, Foreign Secretary (both in London), Henry Dobbs, High Commissioner in Iraq, Lionel Haworth, Political Resident in Bushire, Cyril Barrett, Political Agent in Bahrain, James More, Political Agent in Kuwait, Ibn Sa'ud, King of Hejaz-Najd and its Dependencies, John Glubb, Administrative Inspector in Iraq, Gerald De Gaury, Special Service Officer in Kuwait, and the Government of India.The volume covers the period after a revolt by the Ikhwan during which there was a perceived threat of attacks against Iraq and Kuwait. The different opinions within the British Government on the size of the threat and how to respond to it is evident. Subjects included are:intelligence of tribal movements and activities, particularly those of the
Ikhwantribes of Mutair, 'Ajman, and 'Utaibah, and the threat and occurrence of cross-border raids, all gathered from reports by De Gaury and Glubb, as well as local rumour;issues concerning the defence of Kuwait (naval protection, air reconnaissance and bombing, a land force);the use of 'police posts' along the desert frontier;the first meeting (in May 1929) between Gilbert Clayton and Ibn Sa'ud in Jeddah to discuss the crisis;the thoughts, motivations, and capabilities of Ibn Sa'ud;a conference of Najd tribal leaders in Riyadh with Ibn Sa'ud to try and resolve the situation.Other subjects that are covered are:the concept of the 'jihad tax' levied by Ibn Sa'ud against non-combatants to help finance his wars;a rumour, dismissed by the British, that the Persians are encouraging the
Ikhwanrevolt (it is not clear which Persians are implicated);the loss of crops and grazing in Najd caused by a swarm of locusts and its effects on tribal migrations.At the end of the volume (folios 398-402) are internal office notes.Physical description: Foliation: the sequence starts on the first folio and runs through to folio 404 on the inside back cover. The numbering is written in pencil, circled, and found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. There are the following irregularities: 1A and 1B; 7A, 7B, 7C, and 7D; 118A; 285A; and 299A.
Abstract: The volume consists of letters, telegrams, and reports relating to affairs between the British Mandate of Iraq and the Kingdom of Najd. The majority of the correspondence is between Leo Amery, Secretary of State for the Colonies, Austen Chamberlain, Foreign Secretary (both in London), Henry Dobbs, High Commissioner in Iraq, Lionel Haworth, Political Resident in Bushire, Cyril Barrett, Political Agent in Bahrain, James More, Political Agent in Kuwait, Ibn Sa'ud, King of Hejaz-Najd and its Dependencies, John Glubb, Administrative Inspector in Iraq, Gerald De Gaury, Special Service Officer in Kuwait, and the Government of India.The volume covers the period of unrest after a revolt by the Ikhwan during which there was a perceived threat of attacks against Iraq and Kuwait. The causes of and solutions to the crisis are suggested and debated amongst the different offices and departments of the British Government. Subjects raised are:intelligence of tribal movements and activities, particularly those of the Ikhwan tribes of Mutair, 'Ajman, and 'Utaibah, and the threat and occurrence of cross-border raids, all gathered from reports by John Glubb, as well as local rumour and reports;issues concerning the defence of Kuwait (naval protection, air reconnaissance and bombing, a land force);the friction between civil and military authorities;the second meeting (August 1929) between Gilbert Clayton and Ibn Sa'ud to try and reach an agreement;the thoughts, motivations, and capabilities of Ibn Sa'ud;a second meeting between Ibn Sa'ud and Ikhwan leaders in Riyadh to try and resolve the crisis;the idea of a blockade of Hasa ports to force the Najdi tribes into submission.Other subjects included are:the sale of arms to Kuwait;Sa'id al-'Aiyash, a Damascus journalist who plans to travel to Riyadh.Physical description: This volume comes in two parts: the first part is a bound volume; the second part is a small file.Foliation: The sequence starts on the volume's title page and continues through to the inside back cover. It resumes on the front cover of the file and continues through to the inside back cover. The numbering is written in pencil, circled, and positioned in the top right corner of each folio. There are the following anomalies: 1A-1C; 114A; 182A-182D; and 191A. There is a second, incomplete sequence that is also written in pencil in the same place, but is uncircled.Condition: folio 150 bottom right corner torn away, obscuring some text.
Abstract: The volume consists of letters, telegrams, and reports relating to affairs between the British Mandate of Iraq and the Kingdom of Najd. The majority of the correspondence is between Leo Amery, Secretary of State for the Colonies, Austen Chamberlain, Foreign Secretary (both in London), Henry Dobbs, High Commissioner in Iraq (later Gilbert Clayton, Acting Hich Commissioner in Iraq), Lionel Haworth, Political Resident in Bushire, Cyril Barrett, Political Agent in Bahrain, James More, Political Agent in Kuwait, Ibn Sa'ud, King of Hejaz-Najd and its Dependencies, John Glubb, Administrative Inspector in Iraq, Gerald De Gaury, Special Service Officer in Kuwait, the British Agency in Jeddah, and the Government of India.The volume covers the period of unrest after a revolt by the Ikhwan
,including a number of raids on Kuwait and the Battle of Sabila, which effectively brought the crisis to an end. Subjects raised are:a raid on Kuwait by the Ikhwan;an attack on a car on the Kuwait-Basra road in which an American Missionary, Henry Bilkert, is killed;intelligence of tribal movements and activities, particularly those of the Ikhwan tribes of Mutair, 'Ajman, and 'Utaibah, and the threat and occurrence of cross-border raids, all gathered from reports by John Glubb, Flight Lieutenant Howes (Special Service Officer in Kuwait), as well as local rumour and reports;issues concerning the defence of Kuwait;the failure of Gilbert Clayton and Ibn Sa'ud to come to an agreement over the legitimacy of the desert 'police posts' in Iraq;the thoughts, motivations, and capabilities of Ibn Sa'ud;a second meeting between Ibn Sa'ud and Ikhwan leaders in Riyadh to try and resolve the crisis;the idea of a blockade of Hasa ports to force the Najdi tribes into submission;the Battle of Sabila and its aftermath.Other subjects included are:the imprisonment of Nuhaitar ibn Juraiyid of the Dhafir tribe in Hail;the channels through which communication with Ibn Sa'ud should be made (i.e. through Bushire or through Jeddah).Notable within the volume is a sketch map and extensive notes by Harold Dickson on the seasonal migrations of the shepherd tribes of the Lower Euphrates.At the end of the volume (folios 378-382) are office notes.Physical description: Main foliation: the sequence starts on the first page and continues through until the inside back cover. The numbering is written in pencil, circled, and positioned in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. There are the following irregularities: there is no folio numbered 2, instead, the second, third, and fourth folios have been numbered respectively 2A, 2B, and 2C.Secondary, earlier foliation sequence: the numbers1 to 341 are written in pencil, but not circled, on folios that were subsequently renumbered 5 to 377.Condition: the top left corner of folio 47 has been torn away, obscuring some text.
Abstract: The volume contains letters, telegrams, reports and memoranda relating to affairs between Najd, Iraq, and Kuwait. The majority of the correspondence is between Harold Dickson, the Political Agent in Kuwait, Cyril Barrett, the Political Resident in Bushire, Charles Prior, the Political Agent in Bahrain, Gilbert Clayton, the High Commissioner in Baghdad, Ibn Sa'ud, the King of Najd and Hejaz, Sheikh Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah, the ruler of Kuwait, Robert Brooke-Popham, Air Officer Commanding in Iraq, the British Agency in Jeddah, the Colonial Office in London, and the Government of India.The majority of the volume relates to the continuing rebellion against Ibn Sa'ud's rule by the Ikhwan. Issues and events discussed are:the encampment of rebels at Subaihiyah and the success of persuading them to leave peacefully by Dickson and the Sheikh of Kuwait;the air reconnaissance mission that risked sparking conflict and ruining these efforts;the sale of guns and ammunition to Sheikh Ahmed;intelligence on tribal movements and activities, especially those considered to be rebels;the question of whether to deploy a Special Service Officer in Kuwait;the structure and make-up of Ibn Sa'ud's armed forces;an outbreak of rebel activity in the Hejaz;Barrett's commendations for Dickson and Sheikh Ahmed after their success in getting the rebels to leave Kuwait peacefully, and the responses to them;intelligence and opinion on Ibn Sa'ud's thoughts and activities;alleged communication and cooperation between certain Ikhwan leaders and the Iraq authorities;the planned response to a possible mass influx of rebel refugees into Kuwait.Notable are the reports by Harold Dickson. They cover a wide range of topics and appear regularly throughout the volume.At the back of the volume (folios 215-219) are office notes.Physical description: Foliation: The sequence starts on the first folio and continues through to the inside back cover. The numbers are written in pencil, circled, and found in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. There are the following irregularities: 9 and 9A; 82 and 82A; 121 and 121A; and there is no 65. There is a second, inconsistent sequence. It is also written in pencil but is not circled. It is incomplete.
Abstract: The volume contains letters, telegrams, reports and memoranda relating to affairs between Najd, Iraq, and Kuwait. The majority of the correspondence is between Harold Dickson, the Political Agent in Kuwait, Cyril Barrett, the Political Resident in Bushire, the Political Agency in Bahrain, Hubert Young, the acting High Commissioner in Baghdad, Ibn Sa'ud, the King of Najd and Hejaz, Fuad Bey Hamza, Ibn Sa'ud's Foreign Minister, the British Agency in Jeddah, and the Colonial Office in London.The majority of the volume relates to the continuing rebellion against Ibn Sa'ud's rule by the Ikhwan. Issues and events discussed are:the situation in Hasa following a battle at Injair between Faisal al-Dawish's Ikhwan and the members of the Awazim tribe, loyal to Ibn Sa'ud;Ibn Sa'ud's complaints of Kuwaiti and Iraqi assistance to the rebels and Britain's response to them;Ibn Sa'ud's request to station his forces near the frontier in case of attack and to be able to pursue rebels into Kuwaiti territory;intelligence on tribal movements and activities, especially those considered to be rebels and including false reports of al-Dawish's death;the question of whether to deploy a Special Service Officer in Kuwait;British pilots and planes sent to Ibn Sa'ud to help establish Ibn Sa'ud's air force;intelligence and opinion on Ibn Sa'ud's thoughts and activities;the need for more information on Bedouin customs and laws, including notes (folios 92-94) on 'Desert Law' by Bertram Thomas and extracts (folios 95-99) from Alois Musil's
The manners and customs of the Rwala Bedouins;the planned response to a possible mass influx of rebel refugees into Kuwait;al-Dawish's entry into Kuwait.Notable are the reports by Harold Dickson. They cover a wide range of topics and appear regularly throughout the volume.At the back of the volume (folios 251-258) are office notes.Physical description: Foliation: The sequence starts on the title page and continues through to the inside back cover. The numbering is written in pencil, circled, and found in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. There are the following irregularities: 148 and 148A; 178 and 178A.There is a second, incomplete sequence. The numbering is also written in pencil in the same place, but is uncircled.
Abstract: The volume contains letters, telegrams, reports and memoranda relating to affairs between Najd, Iraq, and Kuwait. The majority of the correspondence is between Harold Dickson, the Political Agent in Kuwait, Cyril Barrett, the Political Resident in Bushire, the Political Agency in Bahrain, Hubert Young, the acting High Commissioner in Baghdad, Ibn Sa'ud, the King of Najd and Hejaz, Faisal al-Dawish, the leader of the Ikhwan
,the British Agency in Jeddah, and the Foreign and Colonial Offices in London.The majority of the volume relates to the continuing rebellion against Ibn Sa'ud's rule by the Ikhwan. Issues and events discussed are:the final movements of the rebellious Ikhwan, including Dawish's attempts to initiate communications with Britain and his tentative submission to Ibn Sa'ud;Ibn Sa'ud's complaints of Kuwaiti and Iraqi assistance to the rebels and Britain's response to them;Ibn Sa'ud's request to station his forces near the frontier in case of attack and to be able to pursue rebels into Kuwaiti territory;intelligence on tribal movements and activities, especially those considered to be rebels;the question of the deployment of a Special Service Officer in Kuwait;the delivery of Italian ammunition to Hasa;the Awazim tribe entering Kuwait seeking refuge from the rebels;intelligence and opinion on Ibn Sa'ud's thoughts and activities;the visit to Kuwait of Sheikh Hafiz Wahba, an advisor to Ibn Sa'ud;the planned response to a possible mass influx of rebel refugees into Kuwait;Iraqi police cars entering Kuwait to protect the migrating shepherd tribes;the correct channels of communication with Ibn Sa'ud.At the back of the volume (folios 198-206) are office notes.Physical description: Foliation: the sequence starts on the first folio and continues through to the inside back cover. The numbering is written in pencil, circled, and found in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. There are the following anomalies: 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D; 143 and 143A.There is a second, incomplete and inconsistent sequence that is also written in pencil but is uncircled.
Abstract: The volume contains letters, memoranda, and reports concerning relations between Najd, Iraq, and Kuwait. The majority of the correspondence is between Hugh Briscoe, Political Resident at Bushire, Harold Dickson, Political Agent at Kuwait, Ibn Sa'ud, Sheikh Ahmed al-Jaber al-Sabah of Kuwait, Francis Humphrys, High Commissioner at Baghdad, Robert Brooke-Popham, Air Officer Commanding in Iraq, Abdul Qadir Rashid, Secretary to the Council of Ministers in Iraq, Sidney Webb, Secretary of State for the Colonies, and the British Agency at Jeddah.The volume covers a period after the defeat of the Ikhwan rebels by Ibn Sa‘ud and their attempts to find safety and regroup in Kuwait and Iraq. Within this broad context several subjects are contained by the documents:rebels, both Awazim and Ajman, seeking refuge in Kuwait and Ibn Sa‘ud's response to that;a short conference held in Basra attended by the Political Resident, the Kuwait Political Agent, the and the Air Officer Commanding;Wahhabi propaganda in Kuwait;Ibn Sa‘ud's complaints about King Faisal of Iraq's alleged intriguing with the Ikhwanrebels;reconnaissance missions in the Kuwait desert and along the frontier zone;the possible necessity of an airbase in Kuwait;the visit of rebel leader Naif al-Hathlain [al-Hithlain] to Kuwait;intelligence of tribal movements and whereabouts in general.Documents of note within the volume are the following:Dickson's report (folios 49-55) on a reconnaissance trip between the Shaqq Depression and al-Batin, with information on wells;Biscoe's report (folios 120-29) on the Basra conference;Dickson's report (folios 165-71) on the 'Shaikh of Kuwait's point of view vis-à-vis H. M. King Bin Saud, and his fears of a coming attack on his territories by the latter.'At the back of the volume (folios 263-265) are internal office notes.Physical description: Foliation: the sequence runs from front to back, excluding covers. Numbering is written in pencil, circled, and found in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. Two Arabic letters (folios 191A-191B and 192A-192B) are folded and enclosed in envelopes which are addressed in Arabic. The back of each envelope has been attached by adhesive to a separate blank page (folios 191 and 192). There is a second, inconsistent sequence. It is written in pencil but not circled.
Abstract: The volume contains correspondence relating to relations between Najd, Kuwait and Iraq. The correspondence is between Harold Dickson, Political Agent in Kuwait, Hugh Biscoe, Political Resident in Bushire, Lord Passfield, Secretary of State for the Colonies in London, William Bond, Charge d'Affaires in Jeddah, Francis Humphrys, High Commissioner in Iraq, Robert Brooke-Popham, Air Officer Commanding in Iraq, the Government of India, Sheikh Ahmed al-Jabar al-Sabah, Sheikh of Kuwait, Ibn Sa'ud, King of Najd and the Hejaz, Fuad Hamza, Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs for the Kingdom of Hejaz and Najd, and Sheikh Hafiz Wahba, advisor to Ibn Sa'ud.The documents cover a period following the surrender of rebel Ikhwan tribes and their leaders. The first part of the volume contains correspondence from Jeddah with enclosures that pertain to earlier events in January 1930, including the search for rebels and their eventual surrender. The remainder of the volume covers the following events and subjects:the negotiations between Dickson, Biscoe, and Ibn Sa'ud over the return of rebels to Najd and compensation claims for losses;the arrangements for and results of a meeting of Iraqi and Najdi delegates to discuss future relations;the arrangements for and results of a meeting between Ibn Sa'ud and King Faisal of Iraq to come to a 'bon voisinage' agreement;the search for any remaining rebels in Kuwaiti territory;some reports of ill treatment of the returning rebels by Ibn Sa’ud's people.Also of note are several extracts and summaries of newspaper articles about the situation (folios 25, 38-39, 40-41). These are either from the Saudi newspaper
Umm al-Quraor the Egyptian
al-Muqattam.At the end of the volume (folios 252-56) are internal office notes.Physical description: Foliation: The sequence starts on the first folio and ends on the last. The numbering is written in pencil, circled, and found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. There are the following irregularities: 2 and 2A; 34 and 34A; 39 and 39A; 55, 55A, and 55B; 188 and 188A. There is a second, inconsistent sequence. It is a combination of foliation and pagination and runs between folios 5-251. It is written in pencil but is not circled.Condition: folio 121 has a hole in it, obscuring some text.