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25. ‘Sind Slave Trade Relative to the traffic in the- between India and the Persian Gulf.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, extracts of two Political Letters from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, dated 16 April 1855 and 28 August 1855. The enclosures are dated 4 March 1854-3 March 1855.The item relates to actions taken by the Government of Bombay and Major Atkins Hamerton, HM Consul and Company Agent in the dominions of His Highness the Imaum [Imām] of Muscat, in light of reports by Henry Bartle Edward Frere, Commissioner in Sind [Sindh], of enslaved Indian people being exported to ports in the Persian Gulf. The item includes Hamerton's report on his conversation on the subject with the Imaum of Muscat, following Frere's discovery of enslaved Indian children in the port of Guader [Gwadar].The correspondents are Hamerton, the Government of Bombay, and the Court of Directors.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department', Draft Number '1199 [18]55', 'Collection No.3 in 2 Volumes', 'Vol: 1', and 'Examiner's Office'. Originally, the Collection number was given as '8 of No. 30 of 1855.' but this has been crossed out.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 542, and terminates at f 549, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
26. ‘Slave Trade at Zanzibar the Mauritius etc’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, minutes, and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. The principal correspondents are the Government of Bombay; the Governor of Mauritius, Robert Farquhar; Captain Fairfax Moresby of HMS Menai.The item concerns the abolition of the slave trade and particularly the negotiations, treaties, and agreements about the slave trade with the following: Radama, the King of Madagascar; the Haukim [Hakim] of Zanzibar, Sueed Ukburee [Sa’īd Akbari]; the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat and Oman [Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd]; the Governor of Bourbon [Réunion], Pierre Bernard Milius.The item describes the treaty Farquhar concluded with Radama, the King of Madagascar, who signed it on 11 October 1820, agreeing to prohibit the sale and exportation of slaves from Madagascar, and stop the attacks on the King of Johanna [Anjouan].There is a discussion of the legal issues of the French and British capturing each other’s ships with slaves on board, including the British captures of LeSuccesand L’Eleanore, and the French captures of Espoirand Favorite, with a discussion of the Amediecase from 1810. The possibility of the French forming depots at Providence and St Marie, Madagascar is also mentioned, as is the accidental seizure of two of the Imaum’s ships by the Psyche.The main focus of the item is the treaty Moresby negotiated with the Imaum of Muscat in 1822, whereby the Imaum agreed that no slave should be sold to Christians from his territory, including Zanzibar, and that vessels carrying the Imam’s flag might be seized if they were carrying slaves east of the Moresby line (the line from Cape Delgado to Diu). The British were allowed to establish agents in the Imaum’s territory to enforce the treaty.The item includes a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Political No. 12, Draft 496, P.C. 154, [Season] 1823/4’ and ‘Examiner’s Office 1823’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 18, and terminates at f 187, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
27. 'Slave Trade'
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political and secret letters from the Government of Bombay to the Court of Directors of the East India Company. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of five items on the Persian Gulf.The item concerns the agreements made by the British Government with the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat on 2 October 1845, and with the rulers of Ras-el-Khyma and Shargah [Ra’s al-Khaymah and Sharjah], Debaye [Dubai], Ejman [Ajman], Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], Amulgaveen [Umm al-Qaywayn], and Bahrein [Bahrain] in April and May 1847, for the suppression of the ‘slave trade’ [trade in enslaved people]. It includes:The seizure on 13 September 1847 of five vessels belonging to subjects of the Imaum of Muscat carrying fifty-nine enslaved peopleThe need for an amendment to provide the Government of Bombay with the power to adjudicate on the vessels which have been seized under the terms of the agreementsThe positions of Persia [Iran], the Ottoman Empire, and Koweit [Kuwait] in relation to the ‘slave trade’ in the Gulf.The item also contains:Marine letters containing an extract from ‘An Account of an Overland Journey from Leskaira [Al Ashkharah] to Meskat [Muscat] and the Green Mountains of Oman’, by C S D ColeTwo letters from the Commissioners for the Affairs of India [Board of Control] to the Court of Directors. Included with these are copies of letters from Edward John Stanley, Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and William Rothery, an advisor to the Admiralty, concerning the preparation of bills, to be submitted to the British Parliament, authorising Vice Admiralty Courts to deal with vessels captured under the above agreements, and suggesting that such powers also be granted to a tribunal at Bombay [Mumbai].The item contains a table of contents (f 124), and the title page (f 123) contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘Draft N. 294/48’, ‘Collection Vol: 1’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 123 and terminates at f 148, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
28. ‘Expedition of the Imaum of Muscat against Sevee, and His Highness' right to Bahrain’
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosure nos. 2-7 to a despatch from the Secret Department, Government of Bombay [Mumbai], dated 28 February 1845. The enclosures are dated 1 October 1844-28 February 1845.The enclosures consist of correspondence relating to a claim by the Imam of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘id bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] to historic rights to possession of Bahrein [Bahrain]. The Imam’s expedition against Sevee [Sofala] is only mentioned briefly.The correspondents are the Political Agent and Consul, Zanzibar, and the Government of Bombay [Mumbai].Physical description: 1 item (34 folios)
29. ‘Arabian Horses sent as a present to Her Majesty the Queen of England by the Imaum of Muscat’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations, cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. The correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Aga Mahomed Rahim Shirazee [Āghā Muḥammad Raḥim Shirāzi], Agent of the Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd].The item concerns a gift of Arabian horses sent from Muscat to Her Majesty [Queen Victoria] on the Higginson, which left Bombay [Mumbai] on 4 May 1839.The item includes a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Collection No. 8, Draft 456, P.C. [Previous Communication] 2762, [Season] 1840’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 268 and terminates at f 273, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
30. ‘Affairs of the Persian Gulf vol 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The enclosures to these letters are contained in the subsequent items. It is the first in a series of seven items on affairs of the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2077/95830, 95831, 95832, 95833, 95834, and 95835).The item concerns:Disturbances at Shiraz caused by an attempt to oust the current Governor of Fars, Ameer Mirza Nubbee Khan [Amīr Dīvān Mīrzā Nabī Khān Qazwīnī]A complaint by the Imam of Muscat [Sayyid Sa'īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa'īd] that his vessels were paying higher duty at Mauritius than previouslyReports of vessels from Bombay and Cutch [Kachchh] trading under British colours without the appropriate passesThe military success of Ameer Fysul [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd] and possible British reactions to thisThe aborted Persian attack against Bunder Abbas [Bandar-e ʻAbbas]Disputes over customs duties at Bunder AbbasA complaint by Josiah Row Chowdry [Josiah Rao Chaudhari] against the British merchant brig Mary Alicethat he was owed wages by the ship’s masterA violent dispute between the Joasmees [Qāsimīs, i.e. al-Qawāsim] and subjects of Debaye [Dubai]The murder of Beebee Aseeloo [Bibi ‘Asilu], widow of the late Native Agent at MuscatThe English burial ground at Karrack [Jazireh-ye Khark]The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Collection 8, Draft 78, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4624, [Season 18]45’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 125 and terminates at f 156, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence
31. ‘Beni Boo Ali Arabs’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, minutes, and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. The principal correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Lieutenant [John] Macleod, British Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd]; the Chief of the Beni Boo Alli [Banī Bū ‘Alī], Muhumud Ibn Ali Jalamee [Muḥammad bin ‘Alī Jaylanī].The main topic of the item is the concerns from the East India Company Court of Directors about the expedition against the Beni Boo Alli, particularly their doubts about: establishing whether the tribe were pirates; whether it was right to cut down the date groves and turn the watercourses; and whether the prisoners should have been sent to Bombay. The Government of Bombay and Lieutenant Lionel Smith reply to these allegations and justify the attack on the Bani Boo Alli with examples of their piracy, a description the expedition including the Imaum of Muscat’s role in destroying the date groves, and an explanation for bringing the prisoners to Bombay.The item describes relations between the Beni Boo Alli and the British subsequent to the expedition including representatives from the Beni Boo Alli visiting Bombay, Bombay’s negotiations with Muscat to restore the Beni Boo Alli to their territory, and Bombay’s insistence that they be allowed to rebuild their houses.The item includes a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Political No. 7, Draft 293, P.C. 362, [Season] 26/7, Examiner’s Office 1825’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 197, and terminates at f 283, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
32. 'Operations of the Naval and Military Forces employed against the Joasmee Pirates – and An application from the Imaum of Muscat for protection against the danger which threatens him from the Wahabees for the part he took in that Expedition'
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the governments of Bombay and Bengal. The principal correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Captain John Wainwright; Brigadier General John Malcolm; the Residents at Muscat, David Seton and William Bunce. The item concerns Persian Gulf campaign of 1809 against the Joasmee [Āl Qawāsim] involving HMS Chiffonne, HMS Caroline; East India Company cruisers Mornington, Aurora, Ariel, Fury, Strombolo, Ternate, and Vestal; the transports Minerva, Friendship, Mary, and Duncan. The campaign was commanded by Captain John Wainwright of HMS Chiffonneand Lieutenant Colonel Lionel Smith of His Majesty's 65th Regiment of Foot.The item contains a discussion of the following considerations before undertaking the campaign:The reasons for the campaign including the taking of the MinervaAlliances between tribes and the background to the link between the Joasmees and the Wahabees [Wahabi]Negotiations with the Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] for the campaign to include recovering Muscat's land from the Wahabees, defending Muscat against the Wahabees, and the Imaum's help in provisioning the expedition's shipsTimings of the campaignLimitations on the campaign with respect to coming into conflict with the WahabeesLimitations on attacking areas of the Persian coast and attacking the pirate settlements on landDiscussion of the opinion of Persia on the proposed campaign.The description of the campaign focuses on the attack on Ras-ul-Khyma [Ras al-Khaimah] on 12 November, although there is also a description of the attack on the port of Luft [Laft, on the isle of Qeshm] 26 November, Linga [Bandar-e-Lengeh], and the capture of Shinnas [Shinas].There is a detailed description of the loss of the Stromboloon 15 September and the subsequent inquiry on board the Mornington, which concluded that there was no evidence to court martial the men who had embarked in the Strombolo's boat. The Government at Bombay were not satisfied with this inquiry and intended to reopen it.The title page of this item contains the following references: 'Political No. 16, Draft 33, Season 1812/13, Examiner's Office March 1811'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences with f 138, and terminates with f 284, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
33. ‘Muscat Captain Sir Henry Leeke Commander in Chief of the Indian Navy, refers to the […] instructions of Government relative to certain articles of presents of which the Agent in Bombay of the Imaum of Muscat had in the name of His Highness requested the acceptance by Lady Leeke.~’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 28 October 1853.The item contains a letter, dated 12 May 1853, from Captain Sir Henry John Leeke, Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Navy, to Lord Viscount Falkland, President and Governor in Council of Bombay. He requests instructions following the offer of gifts to his wife, Lady Augusta Sophia Leeke, by the Imaum [Imām] of Muscat, via his agent at Bombay. In response, the Governor cites extracts of earlier dispatches from the Court of Directors which confirm that gifts should not be accepted by servants of Government, nor by their wives and children.The short extracts quoted by the Governor date from 9 May 1827, 19 August 1829, and 4 September 1840. The rest of the material in the item dates from 1853.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department', Draft Number '163 ~ 1854', 'Collection No. 14 of No. 103 of 1853', and 'Examiner's Office'. Originally, the Collection number was given as '15' but this has been crossed out.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 403, and terminates at f 408, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
34. ‘Muskat Relative to a present of six horses from His Highness the Imam of- to the Right Honble the Governor’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence, minutes, and resolutions, cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 13 January 1853, and found at IOR/F/4/2504/142185. Further enclosures to the letter can be found at: IOR/F/4/2504/142194; IOR/F/4/2504/142195; IOR/F/4/2504/142196; IOR/F/4/2504/142197; IOR/F/4/2504/142198; and IOR/F/4/2504/142199. The item is the sixteenth in a series of sixteen items about the Persian Gulf.The item relates to the recent gift of six horses given to the Governor of Bombay by the Imaum [Imām] of Muscat. At the suggestion of Major Atkins Hamerton, HM Consul and Company’s Agent in the Dominions of His Highness the Imam of Muscat, the Government of Bombay resolves to pay for the repair of the Imaum's ship, Artemise[also rendered in text as Artense], whilst it is docked at Bombay [Mumbai]. The item contains details of:The cost of looking after the horsesThe eventual sale of the horsesEstimations of labour and materials required to repair the Artemise.Hamerton is informed by the Government of Bombay to emphasise to the Imaum that the gift of repairing his ship is in light of various gifts he has given to the Governor over the years, and should not be treated as a precedent.Correspondents include: Hamerton; Lieutenant-Colonel C Blood, Remount Agent, Bombay; Captain Sir Henry Leeke, Commander in Chief of the Indian Navy; Jackson William Muspratt, General Pay Master; and the Government of Bombay.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department', 'Draft No. 350 of 1853', 'Collection No. 1 of No. 8 of 1853', 'Vol: 16', and 'Examiner's Office'. Originally, the Collection number was given as '7' but this has been crossed out.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 1280, and terminates at f 1296, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
35. ‘Muscat Marriage of His Highness the Imam of, to a Grand daughter of the late King of Persia.’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, resolutions, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Captain Atkins Hamerton, Her Majesty’s Consul and Honourable Company’s Agent in the dominions of the Imam of Muscat.The item concerns the marriage of the Imam of Muscat [Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd], to a granddaughter of Fatteh Ali Shah, late King of Persia [Fath-Ali Shah Qājār, late Shah of Iran].The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 689/48, Collection No 1 of No 74, Coll[ection]: 26’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 331, and terminates at f 334 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
36. ‘Muscat. Indian Female – Emancipated by His Highness the Imaum. Vol: 6’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, memoranda, resolutions, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Captain Atkins Hamerton, British Consul in the Dominion of the Imam of Muscat; and Philip LeGeyt, Senior Magistrate of Police in Bombay. It is the sixth in a series of nine items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2087/96920, IOR/F/4/2087/96921, IOR/F/4/2087/96922, IOR/F/4/2087/96923, IOR/F/4/2087/96924, IOR/F/4/2087/96926, IOR/F/4/2087/96927, and IOR/F/4/2087/96928).The item concerns the rescue of an Indian woman named Jafran from slavery in Zanzibar by the Imam of Muscat [Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd], and her arrival in Bombay.Further detail about Jafran appears in IOR/F/4/2112/99468.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 290/45, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4760’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 901, and terminates at f 911, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.